preface
On August 28, 1945, Mao Zedong went to Chongqing for negotiations, and on the afternoon of September 1, Mao Zedong was accompanied by Zhang Zhizhong and Shao Lizi to the Sino-Soviet Cultural Association to participate in a cocktail party to celebrate the signing of the Sino-Soviet Treaty of Friendship and Alliance and to visit the Soviet Photo Exhibition.
Mao Zedong arrives in Chongqing
The celebration was unprecedented and remarkable.
At that time, Ma Yinchu, who was the dean of the business school of Chongqing University, was also invited to participate in this grand event.
At the meeting, mao zedong and Ma Yinchu exchanged greetings, and from then on began direct exchanges and established a pure friendship.
The three words "Mao Zedong" make China feel proud
At the end of March 1949, with Guo Moruo as the regimental commander, Ma Yinchu and Liu Ningyi as the deputy regimental leaders, and Xu Deheng, Li Dequan, Xiao San and other members of the regiment, 39 people represented 475 million Chinese compatriots at the World Congress for the Defense of Peace.
Guo Moruo, as the head of the delegation, Ma Yinchu and Liu Ningyi as deputy heads of the delegation, attended the World Congress for the Defense of Peace
Mr. Ma Yinchu's pride in the motherland and his pride as a Chinese from the heart is something he, a person who has been wandering in the cape for many years, has never had.
Indeed, this time away from the motherland for more than 50 days and nights, let Mr. Ma Yinchu really feel very deeply.
What is particularly memorable is the day of April 23, when all the circumstances witnessed on this day made Ma Lao, an old man in his nearly 70s, feel like a young man with a boiling passion in his whole body.
The World Congress for the Defence of Peace was held in two separate venues, in Paris and Prague.
On April 23, when the news of the liberation of Nanjing by a million heroes of the Chinese People's Liberation Army crossed the Yangtze River and liberated Nanjing reached the conference, the two venues immediately boiled over.
Mao Zedong spoke at the meeting
The deputies all stood up, applauded warmly for more than 30 minutes, and cheered loudly: "Mao Zedong, China, long live!" ”
The representatives of different nationalities and different colors of different countries are also in tears at this moment.
Guo Mo also wrote poems excitedly, describing the moving scene at that time.
Ma Yinchu returned to the hotel with the members of the Chinese delegation, and just after dinner, thousands of Prague university students came to the residence of the Chinese delegation, and they held up the Chinese representatives one by one with fiery passion.
Slogans were then shouted and paraded in the streets, and the camera kept focusing on the Chinese representatives.
Ma Yinchu had never experienced such an exciting scene before, and he had a sacred feeling in his heart, that is, a deep love for the Communist Party, Mao Zedong, and the Chinese People's Liberation Army.
Figure 丨 The appearance of Mr. Ma Yinchu when he was young
The next day, another 100,000 people marched through the streets in Paris and Prague, enthusiastically cheering the great victory of the Chinese people.
Mr. Ma Yinchu was old and strong, walking in the middle of the parade with great energy, and his actions won the respect of more people around him.
Many people waved and smiled at him while shouting slogans that they didn't understand but could understand.
Among them, what made him hear most clearly and made him most proud was the three words "Mao Zedong", because they were a glorious banner of New China.
After 58 days, on May 25, 1949, the Chinese delegation triumphantly returned to Huaping by train.
Ma Yinchu attended the special session of the World Peace Council and listened to the deputies' speeches
At about 5 o'clock in the afternoon of that day, more than 100,000 workers, students, citizens, and representatives of the Chinese People's Liberation Army in Peiping came to the Qianmen Railway Station to warmly welcome the victorious return of China's delegates to the World Congress for the Defense of Peace.
Party leaders Zhou Enlai, Dong Biwu, Lin Boqu, Li Weihan, Ye Jianying, Nie Rongzhen, and other comrades greeted them at the station and shook hands with them one by one.
Mao Zedong always respected scientists, especially those who made outstanding contributions to society.
In addition to caring for their lives and supporting their work, they also entrusted them with heavy responsibilities, and Ma Yinchu was naturally no exception.
Pictured: Chairman Mao Zedong, who is amiable
Ma Yinchu cried out and struggled for the founding of New China for most of his life, and did a lot of work, and Mao Zedong and the Party Central Committee took a close view of this matter.
In 1949, on the land of China, the darkness had passed and the dawn was at hand.
In September of that year, after receiving a telegram from Mao Zedong and Zhou Enlai personally, Ma Yinchu left Hong Kong for Beijing to attend the National Political Consultative Conference to jointly discuss the policy plan for the establishment of a new China.
On the way to Beiping, Ma Yinchu had a lot of thoughts, and he was particularly happy that his wish to fight for it could be realized and that a new China would be born.
When he arrived in Beiping, Mao Zedong, Zhou Enlai, Liu Shaoqi, Zhu De, and other leaders cordially received him.
On July 5, 1949, Mao Zedong, Zhou Enlai, Zhu De, and the Preparatory Committee for the New Political Consultative Conference, ma Yinchu was ranked second from left in the second row
Ma Yinchu went in and out of Zhongnanhai, in and out of HuairenTang, and together with his old friends Shen Junru, Guo Moruo, and Huang Yanpei, who had worked with him for many years, sat down to discuss the fundamental law of building a new China, the common program.
Together, they participated in the discussions and determined the flag, emblem, anthem and name of our new country to be born.
In his life, what an unforgettable moment of happiness, and how could there have been such a glorious time!
On the afternoon of October 1, the sky was as blue as the sea, and the red sun had risen to the sky.
On this glorious day, Mr. Ma Yinchu also climbed the Tiananmen Tower.
He stood behind Mao Zedong and listened to Mao Zedong announce to the world in a thunderous voice: The Central People's Government of the People's Republic of China has been established!
Mao Zedong proclaimed the founding of the People's Republic of China
At this moment, Ma Lao's heart was like a rushing river, and tears of joy came out of his eyes.
He witnessed the darkness of the old society, tasted the bitterness of the old society, experienced the maladministration of the dynasty, and saw the tragic situation of the people's powerlessness.
Now that the party and the people have given themselves such a special honor and have made such a high appraisal of their own efforts, how can they not make him feel a thousand emotions and his heart fluctuate!
Mao Zedong gives Ma Yinchu the "Sword of Shangfang"
At that time, and now, Peking University was the highest institution of learning in China and had a high reputation, and in June 1951, Ma Yinchu became the president of Peking University.
As the president of such a university, Ma Yinchu felt an unusually heavy burden on his shoulders.
Photo of Ma Yinchu when he was the president of Peking University
Although there is some pressure, as an "old Peking University", he can return to school again, his heart is very happy, and his education and speaking style are also colorful.
In one of the speeches, a student suddenly asked, "President Ma, what is economics?" ”
Suddenly hearing someone ask a question, Ma Yinchu was stunned, and when he saw the student who asked the question, Ma Yinchu looked at the classmate and explained with a smile: "Then I will tell this classmate a story!" ”
"Once upon a time, a student who rushed to the exam went to the hotel to complain and took out 10 oceans to choose the best room."
Picture 丨 "Dancing with Hands" Mr. Ma Yinchu
"And the shopkeeper, after receiving the money, immediately used his silver to pay the arrears to the rice shop next door, the rice shop owner turned to the butcher who sold the meat and repaid the meat, the butcher took the money to find the pig dealer to pay the pig money, the pig farmer immediately went to pay off the feed money he owed, and the feed merchant took the money to settle the hotel's room money."
"In this way, the ten oceans of shusheng went to the shopkeeper again, but shusheng found the shopkeeper at this time, said that the room was not suitable, and asked for the money to leave."
"You see, although the shopkeeper didn't earn a penny, everyone paid off their debts, so the circulation of money is a kind of economics!"
Ma Yinchu's explanation was so easy to understand that all the people in the audience understood the initial economics, and there was a burst of applause.
Ma Yinchu accompanied Zhou Enlai on his inspection of Peking University
It didn't take long for Ma Yinchu to rearrange Mao Zedong's studio at Peking University, Li Dazhao's exhibition hall, and Mr. Lu Xun's classroom when he taught.
Ma Yinchu said: "Peking University and Democracy Square are both proud! This Red Chamber was the headquarters of the young students who opposed imperialism, feudalism and US imperialism in 1919! ”
As soon as the conversation turned, Ma Yinchu continued: "Democracy Square is the source of beijing's young students' opposition to Kuomintang rule and US imperialism, so we must better love it, protect its neatness, and maintain its honor!" ”
Pictured: Ma Yinchu and Zhou Enlai
In 1952, when Peking University moved to the site of the former Yenching University in Haidian, Ma Yinchu was very sorry that the Red Chamber and Democracy Square could not be moved with Peking University.
But Ma Yinchu was not dead-hearted, and at the first session of the First National People's Congress in 1954, Ma Yinchu first put forward his own bill.
He suggested that the government renovate the 40-year-old Red Chamber and rename it the Museum of Revolution and turn Mao's studio into his studio. The Li Dazhao Memorial Hall has been preserved as it is for future generations to see.
As soon as this proposal came out, it won the support of all the delegates, and finally the Red Chamber was preserved.
Pictured with Ma Yinchu's family
Although Ma Yinchu has a wide variety of part-time jobs, he always takes a lot of time to work at Peking University, because he is always concerned about teaching reform and concerned about the educational development of young students.
One year, on the eve of National Day, Ma Yinchu encouraged everyone: "You must rehearse well, and when your parade passes through Tiananmen Tomorrow, I will definitely show It to Chairman Mao and tell him that this is the team of Peking University!" ”
Ma Yinchu appeared in the Tiananmen Tower, and when the procession passed through Tiananmen, he introduced himself to Mao Zedong in time, and Mao Zedong also smiled happily and waved to everyone.
Mao Zedong waved in greeting at the Tiananmen Tower
At this moment, Mao Zedong suddenly asked: "Is the Red Chamber still the same as it was?" ”
"Everything is still the same, without any damage!" Ma Yinchu said affirmatively: "Your and Li Dazhao's studio in the Red Chamber is also open to the public. ”
While talking, it was raining heavily in the sky, and Mao Zedong looked at the procession that was still marching in the heavy rain, and said with concern: "Mr. Ma Yinchu, your students are raining, I sent someone to call the school and let the canteen prepare ginger soup for everyone!" ”
Ma Yinchu was touched, and he said excitedly: "Thank you chairman for your care! ”
As soon as he returned to school, Ma Yinchu came to the canteen to visit everyone and excitedly told the students the story of what happened with Chairman Mao today.
Before entering Peking University, Ma Yinchu was a scholar who closely integrated theory and practice at all times, and Mao Zedong once talked to him.
Picture 丨 Ma Yinchu when he was young
When asked ma Yinchu what difficulties and requirements he had when he went to Peking University to become the president, Ma Yinchu said unceremoniously: "There are no other questions, only a simple request." ”
As soon as Mao Zedong heard Ma Yinchu's request, he immediately said, "If you have any request, put it forward!" ”
Ma Yinchu looked at Mao Zedong and said firmly, "In the future, whoever I invite to the school to make a report will be guaranteed!" ”
Hearing Ma Yinchu's request, Mao Zedong was first stunned, and then laughed: "I guarantee you this!" Whoever you want to hire in the future, I will guarantee that he is available! I'll give you this Sword of Shangfang! ”
With Mao's assurance, Ma Yinchu also laughed happily.
Ma Yinchu was not only like Chairman Mao Zedong, but even attending a friend's wedding was full of humor.
Figure 丨 Ma Yinchu
In 1952, Ma Yinchu served as the president of Peking University for about a year, and once, he took time out of his busy schedule to attend the wedding of his friend, who happened to be Guo Liangfu of the Chinese Department, and when he saw that the principal had come in person, they all applauded and welcomed President Ma to give a speech to the couple.
Without any preparation, Ma Yinchu made a very famous speech: "I want to reassure the bride, because according to the groom's name, he must be a good husband." ”
As soon as Ma Yinchu's words were spoken, everyone applauded continuously, adding a festive atmosphere to the simple wedding.
Moreover, Mr. Ma Yinchu is not only a famous economist in China, but also a long-lived old man, who was still in good spirits and full of red light when he passed his hundredth birthday.
Mr. Ma Lao once said: "I can live to such an old age, and the greatest benefit to my body is the two activities of bathing in hot water and climbing the mountain!" ”
Moreover, according to folklore, it is said that Chairman Mao Zedong asked Ma Lao the secret of his longevity when he talked to Ma Yinchu, which is of course only a legend.
Picture 丨 Mr. Ma Yinchu's books
Mr. Ma Yinchu's hot and cold bath is continuous for four seasons, and it has been the same for decades.
And his "longevity bathing method" was learned from an American doctor in his 90s in 1906 when Mr. Ma Yinchu entered Yale University in the United States for further study.
The method of hot and cold bath is also very simple, that is, to bathe with hot water every day before going to bed, and the temperature of the water is limited to what the body can tolerate.
After washing, I "slept" in hot water for 15 years. At this time, you will definitely sweat a lot, and after 3-4 minutes, you will enter the cold water bath or rinse your body with cold water.
Mr. Ma Yinchu used his own personal experience to summarize the bathing method of "hot first and then cold" into three major benefits: First, when bathing with hot water, the sweat pores of the whole body will expand rapidly, and the dirty things in the body will be discharged with sweat.
Second, the hot water makes the blood unobstructed, promotes the metabolism, and makes people refreshed.
Figure 丨 The old mr. Ma Yinchu, who has always been physically strong
Third, the whole body blood vessels due to hot baths and expansion, but also because of the cold bath and contraction, blood vessels in the hot water and cold water, one by one contraction, enhance its elasticity, so that it is not easy to harden, blood pressure should not be high, the elderly can prevent stroke and other diseases.
Health is longevity, Ma Yinchu believes that only a healthy body can continue to contribute to the country, he believes that Chairman Mao has a sentence that is particularly correct, that is: the country belongs to the people!
Therefore, as one of the few intellectuals of that era, he felt that it was all the more necessary for him to contribute to his country.
My "horse" is Marx's "horse"!
After our country entered the planned socialist construction, Ma Yinchu, with his rich knowledge and foresight, pondered the major issue belonging to the national development strategy - population.
In 1953, we conducted the first national census, which for the first time provided accurate figures for our population.
Figure 丨 Ma Yinchu's appearance in his later years
The results show that until June 30, 1953, the total number of Chinese populations was 601938035, and it is estimated that there will be an increase of 12 million to 13 million people per year.
This incident made Ma Yinchu feel very happy, it turned out that before liberation, he had repeatedly called on the state to conduct a census, but every time he hoped to be in vain, no one paid any attention to him.
However, New China, which has only been established for more than three years, has completed this work that is very meaningful to the construction of New China with the fastest speed.
Pictured: Family planning propaganda poster from the 1970s
Four years later, on March 1, 1957, at a meeting of the Supreme State Council convened by Mao Zedong, Ma Yinchu heard Mao Zedong talk about the population issue at the meeting.
Mao Zedong said: "When we make plans, do things, and think about problems, we must start from the fact that our country has a population of 600 million, and we must never forget this!" ”
Half a month later, at the inaugural meeting of the Chinese Medical Birth Control Technology Steering Committee, Ma Yinchu was the first to stand up and speak.
He said: "If the average growth rate of the national population is 30 percent, after ten years our population will be 800 million people, and after 15 years it will reach 980 million people!" ”
In June of the same year, at the Fourth Session of the First National People's Congress, Ma Yinchu handed over his theory of controlling population growth to the Congress in writing, the famous "New Population Theory".
Figure丨 "The Theory of New Population" by Mr. Ma Yinchu
But three months after Ma Yinchu proposed the New Population Theory, some people began to question Ma Yinchu's theory, and finally even said that he was a conspirator.
In the early years of Ma Yinchu, he called himself "Five Horses" because he was born in the Year of the Horse, the Month of Ma, the Day of ma, the time of Ma, and the surname of Ma.
After proposing the New Population Theory, he was slandered as a "loyal follower of the demographer Malthus" and said that he was "Malthus of China".
In this way, Ma Yinchu has one more "horse", and some people with ulterior motives call it "six horses".
Ma Yinchu not only did not care about this, but instead teased playfully: "My 'horse', ah, is Marx's 'horse'!" ”
Picture 丨 Portrait of Marx
After hearing about this, Zhou Enlai smiled slightly and clearly said: "Ma Yinchu is a person with a backbone, a sense of justice, and patriotism; he is a well-known economist in our country, and he has influence at home and abroad, so he cannot be slandered at will!" ”
It was also under the protection of Mao Zedong and Zhou Enlai that Ma Yinchu was spared many times.
"Confident that in two hundred years of life, you will hit three thousand miles when the water hits." Mr. Ma Yinchu has always remembered these two poems of Chairman Mao.
Because, these two poems are full of strength and confidence in life.
After more than 20 years of ups and downs, in 1979, Ma Yinchu, who was already 97 years old, finally got the honor and respect he deserved.
In that year, he was appointed honorary president of Peking University, followed by a successful election to the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress, and later as honorary president of the National Population Society.
In 1980, Mr. Ma Yinchu read a book at his home in Beijing
The centenarian who is about to turn 100 finally ushered in his own spring again.
Mr. Ma Yinchu was born on June 24, 1882, and died on May 10, 1982.
The author believes that the only regret of Old Mr. Ma Yinchu is that only forty-four days away, this old gentleman is exactly one hundred years old!