In 2019, "Daming Style" starring Tang Wei and Zhang Yixing appeared on the big screen, allowing the Chinese people to see that Daming, who has always been known for guarding the door of the country with the son of heaven and the death of the monarch, has undergone a humiliating change in the civil fort. The Ming Dynasty's 200,000 central army suffered more than half of the casualties, the rest fled, and emperor Zhu Qizhen was defeated and captured.
Immediately afterward, the city of Beijing was besieged by the Wallachian army for two months, and the Ming dynasty regime was almost destroyed at his hands. However, it was zhu qizhen, who was jokingly called "a student of Wallachia" by netizens, but he was recognized by Chairman Mao.
This cannot help but make people wonder what shining points zhu qizhen has, which is enough to overshadow the shame of being defeated and captured, and to be appreciated by Chairman Mao.
Boy Tianzi
Zhu Qizhen was born in 1427, his father was Emperor Xuanzong Zhu Zhanji, and his mother was Sun Guifei. As the eldest son of the emperor, he was made crown prince a year after his birth, and Sun Guifei was also crowned empress dowager by virtue of her son Gui.
At that time, the Ming Dynasty was prosperous under the rule of Ming Chengzu Zhu Di, Ming Renzong Zhu Gaozhi, and Ming Xuanzong Zhu Zhanji. Not only did they drive the Valar and Tatar tribes in the north back to the steppes, but they did not dare to cross the border one step. Zheng He also went to the West three times during this period, and spread the prestige of the Ming Dynasty at home and abroad
While the border was stable, domestic agriculture was also able to develop steadily, and the national strength of the Ming Dynasty ushered in a new height.
In 1435, Emperor Xuanzong of Ming died young at the age of forty due to his wounds and illness in the War against the Wallachians. Daming also ushered in the sixth emperor, Emperor Mingyingzong Zhu Qizhen, who was only 9 years old at this time.
The Ming Dynasty ushered in the most difficult moment since the founding of the country. In order to fill the gap between the new emperor's young age and inability to handle government affairs, the empress dowager Zhang Shi took up a heavy burden.
After she entered politics, in view of the phenomenon of Lü's dictatorship in history, she never reused her own family, and even did not allow foreign relatives to interfere in the politics of the dynasty. In order to curb the rise of eunuch power, she also often called Wang Zhen, a close eunuch of Zhu Qizhen, to scold him, effectively cracking down on the eunuch forces, so that Wang Zhen did not dare to exceed the thunder pool for half a point during his reign.
In addition, she reused the "Three Yangs" politically, stabilized border defense, straightened out the administration of officials, and developed the economy, so that the national strength of the Ming Dynasty was once again developed.
Unfortunately, the good times did not last long, and between 1440 and 1446, the "Three Yangs" and the empress dowager Zhang Shi died one after another, and the young Tianzi Zhu Qizhen began to pro-government.
At this time, Zhu Qizhen had the great ambition of an ann state and a stable country, and he took his father as an example and worked hard to govern, not only organizing three Northern Expeditions to consolidate the border, but also following the example of Ming Chengzu Zhu Di and sending fleets of ships to the West to publicize the prestige of the country.
The Transformation of the Civil Fort
At the same time that Emperor Mingying was pro-government, the power of eunuchs gradually rose. Wang Zhen, as a personal eunuch of Zhu Qizhen, relied on the trust of the emperor to openly betray officials and bribe lords, embezzlement and bribery. In order to exclude dissidents, he even openly killed the imperial court officials, and the political atmosphere of the Ming Dynasty also reached an unprecedented darkness since the founding of the People's Republic of China.
At this time, the Wallachian tribe in the north of Daming also began to stir, and under the leadership of Taishi Yexian, they gradually developed while the Daming lord was less suspicious of the country, and from time to time went south to harass the Ming Dynasty's territory towns.
In their tributary trade with daming, in order to obtain rich rewards, they inflated the number of emissaries to more than 3,000. This made Wang Zhen, who was in charge of the government, quite dissatisfied with him, and ordered that the rewards for him be reduced. Vala used this as an excuse to march south, and the army approached Datong.
At this time, Zhu Qizhen was only more than 20 years old, at the age of flesh and blood Fang Gang, coupled with Wang Zhen's encouragement, and finally decided to drive the imperial conquest. At his command, 200,000 troops were gathered in the Beijing area in an instant.
The army marched north, but when they reached the vicinity of Datong, they saw corpses everywhere, which made Zhu Qizhen feel afraid. Citing a shortage of food, he prepared to withdraw his troops and end the Northern Expedition.
Wang Zhen preached that if he went back in such a gray and slippery way, it would damage the majesty of the emperor, and it would be better to change his route to Weizhou. This can delay time and also look at the scenery along the way.
Although these words sound grand, they are also full of selfishness. Ulju was his hometown, and it was not so beautiful that he returned to his hometown and even accompanied by the emperor.
However, while the army was marching, Wang Zhen was afraid that his family's crops would be trampled on, and he suggested withdrawing the army on the same road. This operation not only made the Ming army team too long, the beginning and end could not be corresponding, and even the weight could not catch up.
At this moment, a large number of Wallachian troops appeared in the direction of Tumu Fort, and before the Ming army could react, the enemy cavalry rushed to the front. In response to the enemy, Daming's 200,000 elites were killed and wounded more than half, and the rest also collapsed, and Zhu Qizhen was captured.
Immediately afterward, the Wala army drove straight into beijing. Faced with such crises, Zhu Qiyu was appointed to inherit the throne as Emperor Jingtai. Under his leadership, the General Daming fought bloodily for two months to get through this crisis.
In 1450, Zhu Qizhen, who had lost its use value, returned to Beijing, was revered as the Emperor Taishang, and stayed in the Nangong. In order to regain his ascension to Dabao, he launched a rebellion to seize the door in 1457 and imprisoned Emperor Jingtai, and ascended the throne for the second time.
Shame and courage
At this point in the story, one can't help but feel that Zhu Qizhen's fainting incompetence not only damaged the ming dynasty's accumulated national strength for decades, but also killed a large number of loyalists led by Yu Qian in the change of the door. But it is said that after knowing shame and then being brave, Zhu Qizhen has experienced such a big ups and downs, and he also understands the mission that should be shouldered as an emperor.
After he regained power, he appointed a group of sages represented by Li Xian, which made the Ming Dynasty economy return to the right track again. He also quelled the internal Shi Cao Rebellion, which curbed the phenomenon of forming parties for personal gain after the restoration of the Southern Palace.
He also began to restrain his behavior, no longer coveting pleasure, and began to be diligent in government affairs. He once told the first assistant Li Xian about his living conditions, that he needed to get up every morning to worship the heavens and ancestors, then go to the court, and after finishing, read the recitals and handle government affairs.
In view of the compromise problems, if the situation is simple, the decision will be made directly, and if it is complicated, it will be sent to the cabinet for collective consultation.
On the occasion of Empress Sun's birthday, he also distributed welfare to the elderly throughout the country, and he adopted a policy of resting with the people, distributing grain to the elderly, beggars and other vulnerable groups, and the elderly over 90 years old were doubly given, and also exempted the elderly over 65 years old from forced labor.
What really made Zhu Qizhen known as the Ming Dynasty and the things of Sheng De that could be done by future generations were that he abolished the martyrdom system.
This system was originally abolished after the establishment of the Qin Dynasty, but it was proposed again by Zhu Yuanzhang, so that after the death of the emperor, a large number of concubines and palace women also had to go with it. Zhu Qizhen, however, thought the system was too cruel, so he abolished it, thus saving countless precious lives, which also made him called chairman Mao a "slightly better" emperor.
The reason why Chairman Mao recognized Zhu Qizhen was that he knew that his mistakes could be corrected, and in order to make up for his mistakes, he forged ahead, dared to reform, and even abolished the martyrdom system that Zhu Di and others did not dare to abolish.