August 15, 1449, the fourteenth year of orthodoxy (1449), should have been a day of reunion, but Ming Yingzong, who was trapped in Tumu Fort, the civilian officials and nobles who accompanied Ming Yingzong's personal conquest, and the three battalion soldiers who participated in the war did not have time to miss their hometown and relatives, hunger and thirst and fear were tormenting them all the time, and the 40,000 Wala army was also sharpening their knives at them, and finally the Wala Taishi also used a false peace strategy to plunge this large army on the verge of collapse into chaos and disorder.
In just a few hours, the three battalions of soldiers who had once shook the steppe and were invincible were crushed by the Far LessEr Than Their own Wala cavalry, most of the civilian officers were killed, all of Xun Gui was killed, and Ming Yingzong was captured.
For the civilian officials, xungui, and soldiers of the three battalions who died in the battle at Tumu Fort, this great change known as the change of Tumu Fort was completely over.
But for Emperor Ming and the Ming Empire, the change of Tumu Fort had only just begun.
Three days after the Tumubao Rebellion, Ming Yingzong's handwritten letter was sent to Jingshi, and Empress Sun (Ming Yingzong's biological mother), Zhu Qiyu, the Prince of Qi, who had been appointed to oversee the state, and the chancellor of the Imperial Chinese finally received the exact news that Ming Yingzong had been captured.
At first, Empress Sun was more optimistic about redeeming Emperor Mingyingzong, and did not directly let Zhu Qiyu succeed to the throne, but asked him to temporarily take charge of the hundred officials and handle the military and political affairs of the country on his behalf.
Yi Ugly, The Empress Dowager Qi Yu: "The Emperor, the Emperor, led the Six Armies to march in person, and he has tasted the hundred officials of the Dynasty, such as Shu'er. now? There is no class teacher, and the state affairs cannot be mined for a long time. Special Commander Er temporarily chief hundred officials, take care of their own affairs. Ershang arrived at work at night to lead The Chinese and foreign countries, not to neglect their government, not to neglect their people. Thanks. He also told the courtiers of Wen wu: "Whoever does all things in harmony with the big and small, the king of Xiqi obeys the orders and does not neglect them." - Records of Emperor Ming Yingzong
However, empress Qian of Emperor Mingyingzong collected a large amount of palace treasures to give to Him, and not only did not return Toming Yingzong, but constantly kidnapped Emperor Mingyingzong to commit crimes in Datong, Xuanfu and other places.
Empress Sun realized that Ye Xian's appetite was too great, and it was impossible to redeem Ming Yingzong in a short time.
In this case, only the establishment of a new monarch could ensure that Emperor Ming Yingzong would live, not be extorted again and again, and avoid Daming from repeating the mistakes of the Northern Song Dynasty' shame.
Regarding the candidates for the new jun,
Empress Sun was actually more inclined to Emperor Ming's eldest son, Zhu Jianshen
This can be seen from her appointment of Zhu Jianshen as crown prince, but the death of Ma Shun of Wang Zhenyu's party caused the issue of the selection of the new monarch to fall out of Empress Sun's control.
Ding Di ( 丁卯 ) , the eunuch Jin Yingchuan ( Jin Yingchuan ) , " According to the holy will of the Empress Dowager , the eldest son of Emperor Shu of Imachi saw that he was the crown prince , and the yamen sorted out the affairs of the joint trip and chose a date to hear about it. - "Records of Emperor Ming Yingzong"
On August 23, 14th year of the reign, the eighth day after Emperor Mingyingzong was captured, the officials of the imperial court rose up to impeach Wang Zhen, and since Wang Zhen had already died at Tumu Fort, the officials aimed their anger at Ma Shun, who was then the commander of the Jinyi Guard, and killed Ma Shun in front of Zhu Qiyu under the leadership of Wang Zhen and Yi Ming.
On August 23, 14th year of the orthodox dynasty, His Highness drove the left gate of the Imperial Noon Gate and announced the impeachment of Wang Zhenzhang. There is a purpose: "The court should have other places." "Chang Shi Yigong made a speech before the knee without a crown, so everyone prostrated without a crown trombone. King Ku gave the crowd a horse to the front, saying, "The traitor party is here!" So he drove up the door to cover up, and in a flash, under his feet, the corpse was bleeding violently. - "Records of Emperor Ming Yingzong"
Ma Shun's death was considered to have completely confirmed that Wang Zhen was the culprit of the tumu fort change, and then the dprk set off a movement to liquidate Wang Zhenyu's party, which at the beginning even if Ming Yingzong returned, he could only be a Taishang Emperor, and even if Zhu Jianshen had been made crown prince, he was doomed to have no connection with the throne, so,
Empress Sun could only accept that the civil officials needed an older monarch at this time to agree to Zhu Qiyu's ascension to the throne.
After Zhu Qiyu ascended the throne, not only Wang Zhenyu's party, but all those who were related to Wang Zhen were liquidated, such as Wang Ji, the former soldier Shangshu Wang Ji, who had made many military achievements, was dismissed from office because he was attacked by people and had an old relationship with Wang Zhen, Xu Youzhen became a street rat because he proposed to move south, and Wang Zhen, Yiming, and others who killed Ma Shun were reused by Zhu Qiyu.
In this way, Wang Hu, Yi Ming and others rose to become the new upstarts in the DPRK.
Wang Ji, Xu Youzhen and others became old bureaucrats who were suppressed.
After the liquidation of Wang Zhenyu's party came to an end, Zhu Qiyu, in view of the fact that Wang Zhen was recognized as the culprit of the change of Tumu Fort, in view of the fact that Wang Zhen was recognized as the culprit of the change of Tumu Fort. During his reign, eunuchs were severely punished, and during the reign of Zhu Qiyu, Shi Zai was "the strictest among the officials", and Wang Shizhen, a talented man who was famous in the world in the middle and late Ming Dynasty, once pointed out:
"Emperor Jing did not pretend that the internal erection was like this, and the disaster of the southern city (referring to the change of the gate) was constructed."
Among the eunuchs, the most dissatisfied with Zhu Qiyu was Cao Jixiang, although Cao Jixiang had thrown himself under Wang Zhen's men in his early years, but his time with Wang Zhen was not long, Cao Jixiang spent most of his time defending against external troubles and calming down internal strife, when the change of Tumu Fort occurred, Cao Jixiang was on the way back to Beijing to take prisoners after the rebellion of Deng Maoqi, and after the change of Tumu Fort, Cao Jixiang and the chief military officer Chen Mao's rebellion of Deng Maoqi were only offset by merit, and then they were suppressed by Zhu Qiyu.
While Daming was busy liquidating Wang Zhenyu's party and severely punishing the eunuchs, the Wallachian Master, who had captured Emperor Mingying but had not received much benefit, finally made up his mind to attack The Ming Dynasty.
In the face of the menacing Yi Xian, Zhu Qiyu appointed Yu Qian, the core figure of the main battle faction, to preside over the defense of the Beijing Division, and appointed Shi Heng as Yu Qian's deputy.
After the victory of the Jing division, Yu Qian proposed to Zhu Qiyu to reorganize the three battalions, and since Ming Chengzu established the three battalions, the three battalions have always been led by the military general Xun Gui and the eunuch supervisor, but after the reorganization, the three battalions became led by the civilian official Yu Qian, the military general Xun Gui and the eunuch to give Yu Qian a hand. such
Shi Heng felt that he had been suppressed by Yu Qian and Zhu Qiyu.
Since Wang Ji, Xu Youzhen, Cao Jixiang, Shi Heng and others all felt that they were being suppressed, they were bound to be dissatisfied.
When this dissatisfaction accumulates to a certain extent, they will definitely launch a counterattack against Zhu Qiyu, Yu Qian, and the new upstart.
In the eighth year of Jingtai, when Zhu Qiyu was seriously ill, Empress Sun sent Cao Jixiang. Yu Qian was asked about the candidate for the successor king: "If Zhu Qiyu dies, can Emperor Taishang (specify Emperor Yingzong) be reinstated?" Yu Qian replied:
"I am afraid that the king of the lost country will not be able to set an example for future generations in the world."
Cao Jixiang also asked if Zhu Jianshen could succeed to the throne, and Yu Qian replied:
"Nor is the son of a lost king fit to succeed to the throne."
After Cao Jixiang told Empress Sun about Qian's reply, Empress Sun was furious and rebuked Yu Qian:
"I will do it myself at home."
Seeing Empress Sun's anger, Cao Jixiang understood that the opportunity had come, so he quickly found Shi Heng, Xu Youzhen, Wang Ji and others to discuss the restoration of Emperor Mingyingzong, and then Cao Jixiang reported the plan they discussed to Empress Sun, got permission, and also got Empress Sun's will to agree to the restoration of Emperor Mingyingzong.
The Son of Heaven is growing faster and faster, dying, and the heavenly position is long empty. In the eighth year of the present year, the holy virtue is not lost, Providence is there, and the human heart belongs. It would be detrimental to the country to establish a king of the domain to inherit the unification, and Heng waited for him to lead his troops to meet the emperor. - "The Conscription"
With Empress Sun's permission, everything was ready for Cao Jixiang, Shi Heng, and others, and on the evening of the sixteenth day of the first month of the eighth year of Jingtai, Cao Jixiang, Shi Heng, Wang Ji, Xu Youzhen, and others launched a change of door seizure aimed at welcoming the restoration of Emperor Mingyingzong.
At this point, for Ming Yingzong and Daming, the change of Tumu Fort is completely over, so the occurrence of the change of Jingtai's eight years of seizing the door has announced the end of the change of Tumu Fort.