Lantern Festival is one of the oldest traditional festivals in China, also known as shangyuan festival, new year festival, lantern festival, etc., as early as the Han Wen Emperor period, has ordered the fifteenth day of the first month as the Lantern Festival, Sima Qian created the "Taichu Calendar", the Lantern Festival is already an important festival.
Lantern Festival is the first big festival after the Spring Festival, as the saying goes, "not out of fifteen is the year", the Lantern Festival can be said to be a continuation of the Spring Festival, is another happy peak after the Spring Festival, and compared with the reunion of the Spring Festival, the Lantern Festival has a different scenery, the Lantern Festival since ancient times has the custom of watching the lanterns, brilliant fireworks, colorful lanterns, determines that the Lantern Festival must be a festival full of poetic and romantic colors, in ancient times, especially in the Song Dynasty, the Lantern Festival is even more lively, ordinary people can travel out to enjoy, even, Even women can go out of the boudoir and play unscrupulously in the street, without the shackles of feudal etiquette, they can relax.
Many great poets of the Song Dynasty have described this beautiful scene, Xin Zhiyi wrote in the "Qingyu Case , New Year's Eve": "The east wind night flowers and trees, more blowing down, stars like rain, BMW carved car incense full of road, phoenix sound, jade pot light turn, a night of fish and dragon dance", it can be said that the liveliness is extreme, and many women, but also "moth snow willow golden wisps, laughter and dark incense to go", when it is really beautiful. Ouyang Xiu, in "Sheng Chazi", even depicted the most romantic dating scene of the Lantern Festival: "On New Year's Eve last year, the flower market lights up like day, the willows on the moon, and the people are about after dusk", just like the dream.
However, for Li Qingzhao, the first talented woman in the ancient world, these hilarities seem to be incompatible with her, especially the Lantern Festival in the twentieth year of Shaoxing (1150 AD). She wrote a very famous lantern poem "Yong Yu Le":
Where are the people in the sunset melting gold and the twilight clouds? Dye willow smoke thick, blow plum flute complaints, how much do you know about spring? Lantern Festival, melting weather, is there no wind and rain in the second stage? Come to summon, incense car BMW, thank him for drinking friends poets.
Zhongzhou is full of sunshine, the boudoir is more leisurely, remember to focus on three or five. Spread the green crown, twist the golden snow willow, and the cluster belt is in contention. Now haggard, wind and frost sideburns, afraid to see the night out. It is better to listen to people laughing and talking under the curtain.
In the first half of Li Qingzhao's life, life was extremely happy, there was a husband who loved her, there was a wealthy family, the saddest thing, perhaps just the loneliness and loneliness of her husband when he traveled on business, but after the change of Jingkang, the Northern Song Dynasty perished, Beijing was looted, kang wang Zhao Zhuo after stabilizing the southern Song dynasty regime, a large number of northern people poured into Lin'an, Li Qingzhao was also one of them, the death of her husband, the loss of property, the misfortune of remarriage, so that this woman who was originally very happy, became a desolate old woman in her old age.
This song "Eternal Encounter" is to describe a period of life in Lin'an in his later years. At that time, the Song and Jin dynasties were already in a stable armistice period, the capital of the Southern Song Dynasty, Lin'an, was full of a prosperous scene of singing and dancing, and when it came to a grand festival such as the Lantern Festival, it was even more lively, but the sad Li Qingzhao, in this prosperity, saw her own desolate encounters, as well as the infinite sigh of the rise and fall of the country, she showed it without concealment in this poem.
The upper piece of the word writes the mood of the Lantern Festival in Lin'an. The opening is a famous sentence with extraordinary pen power, the words are: "The sunset melts gold, the twilight clouds merge", the sun sets, just like the golden red fireball disappears in the sky clouds, the sunset is covered with the sky, the twilight is pale, gradually covering the four fields, it is the Lantern Festival, and there is such a good weather, it is said that people should be in a happy mood, but the brilliant scene does not make the lyricist feel a warm and festive holiday mood.
On the contrary, a rhetorical question of "where are the people" makes people have a dull feeling. Once, the lyricist spent many times in the prosperity of the Lantern Festival, and now, after the destruction of the country and the death of the family, it is the Lantern Festival, but he is alone, far away from home, such a shallow point, it sets the tone for this word.
However, the lyricist did not unfold this melancholy, but turned his pen to write about the spring scene, "dyeing willow smoke thick, blowing plum flute complaints, spring meaning knows a little", early spring willow leaves spit buds, evening fog filled, these willows seem to be shrouded in thick smoke, at this time plum blossoms will be broken, suddenly someone outside the door blew up the flute, the lyricist was not in a good mood, at this time to hear this song, more caused the mood of melancholy, so she floated a question in her heart: "How much is spring?" Can you still appreciate it yourself? ”
At this time, someone came to invite the lyricist to go out to play, "Lantern Festival, blend the weather", it is the Lantern Festival, and encountered such a good weather, let's go out to play together, right? But the lyricist used a very unreasonable question: "Is there no wind and rain in the second stage?"? The weather is a little abnormal, won't there suddenly be a big storm? The writer's concern seems to be not unreasonable, often the storm under the calm is more destructive, in fact, the lyricist here, also shows the concern about the Southern Song Dynasty regime's song and dance.
"Come to summon, fragrant car BMW, thank him for drinking friends and poets", these friends, riding on the BMW incense car to invite her to play together, can be described as sincere, but the lyricist, but politely rejected these good friends, the reason is that I am afraid that the psychology of "where are the people" is at work, as Zhu Ziqing said in prose: "The hilarity is theirs, I have nothing", the lyricist's polite refusal, with three points of indifference, three points of desolation, three points of sadness.
The lyricist asked three questions on the film, each question seemed to be some sadness and loss, and the lively Lantern Festival aroused the sadness in the lyricist's heart.
So the lyricist remembered the beauty of the Lantern Festival, "Zhongzhou Shengri, boudoir more leisure, remember to pay more attention to three or five; paving cuiguaner, twisting gold snow willow, tufting belts to fight for Chu", at that time, the writer was in the Northern Song Dynasty, the country had nothing to do, and his leisure time was also more, especially to the Lantern Festival, it was very important, himself and his friends around him, will dress up, and at night, moth snow willows, cui feathers around, in the bustling streets of Fenjing, spend happy time.
But now? "Now haggard, wind and frost sideburns, afraid to see the night out", old age, become haggard, the head of the white hair, but also lazy to dress up, so at night, more reluctant to go out, in fact, the word people are afraid of going out at night, the most important thing, is not lazy, old, but after experiencing the vicissitudes, the heart of the bustling and prosperous, can no longer be mentioned.
Therefore, the lyricist said lightly at the end: "It is better to listen to people laughing under the curtain", listening to the joyous songs and laughter outside, the lyricist seems to be satisfied, but in this bland sentence, in fact, how much life experience and bitterness are contained! This kind of calm of the bystander, in the background of laughter, is even more heavy and lonely, and it is conceivable how painful the mood of the writer is!
Writing mourning with Lejing, doubling its mourning, Li Qingzhao used a lot of lively words in this poem, but every time after the hilarity, he gave more sad sentences, I have to say that this kind of mourning of the homeland and the world is extremely heavy, no wonder Liu Chenweng, another famous lyricist of the Southern Song Dynasty, every time he recites this word, he will "weep for it", because it has written the heaviest memory in the hearts of many Southern Song people!