<h1 style="text-align: left;"> preface</h1>
Today I am talking about Liu Chenweng, an important figure among the Xin Pai poets.
Southern Song Dynasty remnant Liu Chenweng (1232-1297), zihui Meng, nicknamed Xuxi. Also known as Xuxi Resident, Xuxi Nong, Xiao Nai, protégés are called Mr. Xuxi.
Among the Song Dynasty poets, Liu Chenweng ranked third in the number of works handed down, after Xin Andu and Su Shi.
Among the lyricists of the late Song and early Yuan dynasties, there were four famous people: Zhang Yan, Wang Yisun, Zhou Mi and Jiang Jie. But at the same time, Liu Chenweng's style is closer to Thatu Xin, with both the majestic ups and downs of the flamboyant school and the light spirit and grace of the gentle school. Compared with the low-lying and miserable four families at the end of the Song Dynasty, it also shows a kind of hero's tragic loss of the way.
Today, I admire three poems describing the Lantern Festival, which were composed by Liu Chenweng at different times. Before appreciating it, first understand the life of Liu Chenweng and the background of the times.
<h1 style="text-align: left;"> the life of Liu Chenweng</h1>
Liu Chenweng was born in Ji'an (Luling), Jiangxi, where talents are born, and is a fellow villager with Ouyang Xiu, Wen Tianxiang, Yang Wanli, Zhou Bida, Hu Quan and others. Liu Chenweng was only four years older than Wen Tianxiang (June 6, 1236 – January 9, 1283), and the two had many intersections.
In the third year of the Southern Song Dynasty (1262), Liu Chenweng ascended to the throne. Because of his disagreement with the powerful minister Jia Xiangdao, he asked for the head of lianxi academy in Ganzhou, Jiangxi on the grounds of his mother and elder. Later, at the invitation of the Southern Song Dynasty's famous Minister Jiang Wanli, he entered the positions of Fujian Transit Simu and Pacification Simu.
In the first year of the reign of Emperor Xianchun of Song (1265), Liu Chenweng was a professor at Lin'an Province, and later entered the Jiangdong Transit Simu and Zhongshu Provincial Shelf Cabinet, but resigned because of Ding Mu's worries.
In October of the first year (1275) of the song gong emperor Deyou, the yuan soldiers had already advanced to Lin'an, and Wen Tianxiang in Ganzhou, Jiangxi, was raising troops to resist the yuan, and Liu Chenweng had a short-term participation in his Jiangxi shogunate. However, soon after the city of Lin'an was destroyed, Emperor Gong of Song surrendered the city, and Liu Chenweng took refuge in his hometown of Luling.
In the Battle of Yashan in the second year of Song Xiangxing (1279), Lu Xiufu jumped into the sea on his back and died.
In the more than ten years after entering the Yuan Dynasty, Liu Chenweng immersed himself in writing and recruiting disciples to teach what he had learned all his life. On the fifteenth day of the first month of the first year of Emperor Yuanchengzong's reign (1297), Liu Chenweng died at the age of 66 at his home.
<h1 style="text-align: left;"> the first Lantern Festival of the second year of Jingyan (1277).</h1>
This poem "Liu Zi Qing Chun Sense" was written during the Lantern Festival in the second year (1277) of Emperor Jingyan of the Song Dynasty. In the previous year (1276), Emperor Gong of Song surrendered and was sent to the capital of Yuan.
At this time, Liu Chenweng took refuge in the Luling Mountains in Jiangxi And spent a Lantern Festival full of sorrows about the subjugation of the country.
"Willow Youth Spring Feeling" Word Cloud:
Iron horses are felt, silver flowers are sprinkled with tears, and spring enters the city of sorrow. Flutes, street drums, not songs. That can sit alone in the green lamp. I want to go to the homeland and go to the high platform. Scenery under the river, years in the mountains, mood at sea.
Iron horse felt, flute fan cavity, street drama drum, alluding to the fall of Lin'an, Yuanren iron riding rampant Jiangnan. The Song Dynasty had actually perished, but the anti-Yuan struggle was still ongoing, and Lu Xiufu, Wen Tianxiang, Chen Yizhong and others successively supported the brothers of Emperor Gong of Song to take the throne, and continued to maintain the last hope of the Song Dynasty's restoration in the southeast.
<h1 style="text-align: left;"> second Song The Lantern Festival of the third year of Jingyan (1278</h1>).
Li Qingzhao's "Yong Yu Le Sunset Melting Gold" is one of his masterpieces after the southern crossing, writing about the scene of the Lin'an Lantern Festival in the Capital City of the Northern Song Dynasty and the capital of the Southern Song Dynasty, in order to express his thoughts about his homeland, and his words are cloudy:
The sunset melts gold, the twilight clouds merge, where people are. The willow smoke is thick, the plum flute is blown, and the spring is a little known. Lantern Festival, melting the weather, the second stage is not wind and rain. Come to summon, incense car BMW, thank him for drinking friends and poets. Zhongzhou is full of sunshine, the boudoir is more leisurely, remember to focus on three or five. Spread the green crown, pluck the golden snow willow, and the cluster belt contends for help. Now haggard, wind and frost sideburns, afraid to see the night out. It is better to listen to people laughing and talking under the curtain.
After Liu Chenweng read Li Qingzhao's poem that year, he was deeply touched. Three years later, Liu Chenweng filled in a poem "Yong yu le Bi Yue Yue Qing" in the tone of Li Qingzhao's life, and made a small preface:
Yu Ziyi Hai Shangyuan recited Li Yi'an's "Yong Yu Le" and wept for it. This is three years. Whenever he heard this word, he could not bear it, so he relied on his voice and entrusted it to Yi An to refer to himself. Although the words are too late, but the sorrow is excessive.
Yihai Shangyuan: Refers to the Lantern Festival in the first year (1275) of the Song Gong Emperor Deyou, and the fall of Lin'an the following year. Three years later, in the third year of Duanzong Jingyan (1278), another Lantern Festival was held.
Its word cloud:
The beginning of the moon is sunny, the clouds are far away, and the spring affairs are the masters. The forbidden garden is cold, the lake embankment is tired and warm, and the front is as promised. The incense dust is dark and strange, the lights are bright, and the long is lazy to go hand in hand. Who knows, the smoke is cut off and the night is forbidden, and the city seems to be sad and rainy. Xuanhe old days, Lin'an Nandu, Fangjing is still the same. Wandering, windy sideburns, can give the most bitter words. There is no road in Jiangnan, and tonight in Yanzhou, who knows whether this suffering is good or not. Empty opposite, remnants of sleeplessness, full of village drums.
In the old days of Xuanhe, it was still possible to "cross the south of Lin'an", but now it is "no road in Jiangnan".
By the time Liu Chenweng wrote this poem, the remnants of the Southern Song Dynasty had returned to heaven and lacked skill. It is a kind of modesty; it is a kind of humility; it is a feeling of "jiangnan has no way". Because the subjects of the Southern Song Dynasty did not even have the opportunity to go southeast of Gou An, if they ran again, they would go out to the sea and go to the South China Sea like Zheng He.
The following year, the Battle of Yashan occurred, and the Southern Song Dynasty was completely destroyed.
<h1 style="text-align: left;"> the third Lantern Festival in the first year of Dade (1297</h1>).
In the "Poetry of the Past Dynasties", when Zhang Menghao was quoted as evaluating Liu Chenweng, he said a word called "Yixi Old Man":
Liu Chenweng made Baoding's present words, when it was the first year of Dade, and the self-titled Ding Youyuan Eve, yixi old people only wrote the meaning of jiazi. The words are cloudy: "Father and elder Remember to declare peace, hold the copper fairy, and clear tears like water." Youyun: "Broken bamboo horse child, empty three thousand happy fingers." Youyun: "Hug the bun in front of the lamp, and the dark drops of the fish beads fall." He saw neon clothes that day, and he dreamed of heaven and earth. "Over and over again, the words are sad, and the flow of the lone bamboo Pengze is the same."
This poem "Baoding Xian Chunyue" was written in the first year of the Yuan Dynasty (1297), but he titled himself "Ding Youyuan Eve". Just as Tao Yuanming was only willing to use the era name of the Eastern Jin Dynasty (Yixi was the eastern Jin Dynasty era name), but refused to use the era name of Liu Song. Liu Chenweng wrote this to imply that he did not recognize the rule of the Yuan Dynasty.
It seems that the Yuan people did not care about the small tricks of these literati, which was a crime of killing heads in the Qing Dynasty.
Liu Chenweng's "Baoding Present Spring Moon" can be seen as an increased version of "Yong Yu Le Bi Yue Yue Qing". ：
Red Makeup Spring Ride. Stepping on the moon shadow, pole flag through the city. Endless hope, singing and dancing on the platform, learning incense dust lotus steps. The whistle broke off, and the yo-chorus returned, not afraid of Kingo's drunkenness. Even the road, the hustle and bustle of Khotan. I can hear the slave song. Father and Father remember to proclaim peace. Hold the copper fairy, clear tears like water. Also turned to hope, Shahe Dori. Di Yang Ming Guang Lian Di. The curtain is frozen and scattered red light. Moon soak grapes for ten miles. Looking at the exchanges, the immortal talents, Ken smashed the diamond flowers. Intestinal broken bamboo horse children, kumi said, three thousand happy fingers. Wait for a long time to return to spring, and fall asleep in spring. And he said to the head, the bun in front of the lamp. Dark drops of fish beads. On that day, I saw neon clothes with my own eyes, and I dreamed of heaven and earth.
The first paragraph recalls the grand lantern in the capital of the Northern Song Dynasty, Fenjing, and the second paragraph writes about the Lantern Festival in Lin'an, the capital of the Southern Song Dynasty, and the song and dance of the West Lake allowed the Song people to gradually repair the pain of the change of Jingkang.
The third paragraph of the Lantern Festival in front of the writer's eyes, this poem was written in 1297 AD (the first year of The Great Virtue of Emperor Yuancheng), which is already the Lantern Night nearly twenty years after the fall of the Song Dynasty.
At this moment, Liu Chenweng sighed about the present and the past, and used this poem to compare the different feelings of the three Lantern Festivals during the Northern Song Dynasty, the Southern Song Dynasty, and the Yuan Dynasty, and pinned his mourning on the fall of the country.
<h1 style="text-align: left;"" > concluding remarks</h1>
Liu Chenweng's three Shangyuan (Lantern Festival) poems, the first two of which were composed in the second and third years of the fall of Lin'an, are at a dark moment when the future of the country and the fate of the individual is uncertain. However, what is even more painful is the subsequent Battle of Yashan and the Last Hope of the Restoration of the Southern Song Dynasty was finally shattered.
The third shangyuan poem was written nearly twenty years after the fall of the Southern Song Dynasty, at this time Liu Chenweng still remembered the feelings of his homeland, and even refused to use the Yuan Dynasty era name. On the day he finished writing the poem, Liu Chenweng died at home.
At the end, fill in the words as usual for today's homework, "Willow Ziqing":
The empty pavilion of the old garden, the spring river passing water, falling into Ping. Clap your hands floating and sinking, sighing at the time, feeling at the moment. The east wind blew away and survived. After waking up from the dream, Takumae listened. A song of Yang Guan, plum blossom three lanes, jade flute flying sound.
@Old Street Taste
Guan Song filled in the words 179 | night to relieve the rain and sing the golden well, Wang Yueshan only has one Qi Tianle passed down