Fu-hsien
Hello everyone, I'm Lantai.
Today, Lantai will introduce to you the family history of the first Chinese-American general in the United States, General Fu Luren.
Speaking of which, Mr. Fu Luren is not actually surnamed "Fu", his surname is "Fucha".
Yes, Mr. Fu Luren is a Manchu.
Not only Manchu, but his ancestors were also the Manchurian nobles of the Qing Dynasty, and they were hereditary Zhenghongqi Zuo Ling family.
Next, Lantai will give you a brief introduction to Mr. Fu Luren's family history.
Eight Banners of the Qing Dynasty
01、
傅履仁,本姓富察。
The Fucha clan is also one of the famous "Eight Manchurian Surnames" of the Qing Dynasty.
The Fucha clan is found in the "Imperial Dynasty Tongzhi Clan Luo Manchurian Eight Banners Surname", which is one of the oldest surnames of the Manchu people.
As early as the end of the Tang Dynasty, "Fucha" appeared in the historical materials, but at that time, the Central Plains translated "Fucha" as "Pucha", which was one of the "common thirty surnames" of the Jurchens at that time.
The real most glorious period of the Fucha clan was not the Qing Dynasty, but the Jin Dynasty.
Because during the Jin Dynasty, the Fucha clan was the second largest surname of the Jurchens, and the Fucha clan intermarried with the Wanyan clan, the royal family of the Jin Dynasty.
After the fall of the Jin Dynasty, the Fucha clan who remained in the Central Plains changed their surname to Li, while the Fucha clan who remained in the northeast gradually dispersed into seven or eight tribes.
They live in Shaji, Yehe, Huifa, Eyihu, Zakuta, Xuyoucheng, Neyin, Ekulun, Jilin Wula, Changbai Mountain and other places. And in order to distinguish the different Fucha clans in various places, the Fucha tribes in various places will put the place name in front of their surname.
For example, Shaji Fucha, Yehe Fucha, Huifa Fucha...
Although they are the same clan, they are not the same clan.
During the Qing Dynasty, the most famous "Fucha clan" was the Shaji Fucha clan, which can be said to be a number of celebrities.
Fu Kang'an Image
For example, Ma Qi, the favored retainer of Emperor Kangxi of the Qing Dynasty, Empress Xiaoxian, the first empress of Emperor Qianlong of Gaozong of the Qing Dynasty, Wang Fukangan of Jiayong County, and Jingshou of the Eight Ministers of Xianfeng Gu Ming are all Shaji Fucha clans.
However, although General Fu Luren is also surnamed Fucha, he is not from the Shaji Fucha clan.
The most direct evidence is that although Mr. Fu Luren's ancestors were nobles of the Eight Banners in the Qing Dynasty, they were subordinate to the Zhenghong Banner known as the "Lower Five Banners", while the Shaji Fucha clan belonged to the Yellow Banner known as the "Shangsan Banner".
Therefore, it is not correct in some articles to say that Mr. Fu Luren is a descendant of Fukangan; although they belong to the same "Fucha clan", they are not of the same clan. Just as they are all surnamed Li, they are not necessarily all descendants of Li Tang.
According to the introduction of Aixinjue Luo Shi Yingsheng, a famous Manchu historian in China and the younger brother of the last "Iron Hat King" Shuncheng County King, Fu Luren's ancestor has always been the hereditary leader of the Red Banner.
And Mr. Fu Luren's great-grandfather Wahe once served as the chief soldier of Shanhaiguan, and his top boss, Shanhaiguan deputy commander Tong Qiande, was familiar with each other, and the two became in-laws.
Wahe married his daughter to Qiande's eldest son, and Qiande came from the palace of Shuncheng County, and Qiande's grandfather was the twelfth Shuncheng County Wang Lunzhu.
And Qiande is the grandfather of Mr. Aixinjue Roche Yingsheng.
Aixinjue Roche Yingsheng (left)
Fu Luren's father, Fu Jingbo, and Aixinjue Luo Yingsheng are cousins.
Fu Luren's grandfather is called Fu Ruiqing, although he is only a fifth-grade official, but it may be because the official position is relatively low, so the court did not care much, Fu Ruiqing himself believed in Catholicism, and affected the faith of his son Fu Jingbo.
This is also the opportunity for Fu Jingbo to become a famous American scholar, the secretary of the former president of Yenching University, Situ Leiden, and the "righteous son".
Fu Jingbo can be said to have served as Situ Leiden's assistant all his life, and Fu Jingbo's children also call Situ Leiden "Grandpa" (grandfather).
It was precisely because of the close relationship between Fu Jingbo and Situ Leiden that he chose to move to Hong Kong with his family in the early 1950s, and then went to the United States with the help of Situ Leiden.
In 1957, Fu Luren took a photo with his father and Situ Leiden
02、
Fu Luren was born in Beijing in 1934.
Before moving to the United States, Fu himself did not speak much English.
However, because of the relationship between the family and Situ Leiden, the Fu family's life in the United States is not embarrassing.
After Fu Jingbo arrived in the United States, he still served as Situ Leiden's assistant.
In order to let the 16-year-old Fu Luren integrate into American society as soon as possible, Fu Jingbo ruthlessly arranged Fu Luren to study in a private school in New York, and let him live in an ordinary American family, in order to force Fu Luren to integrate into American society as soon as possible.
However, Fu Jingbo's arrangement hurt Fu Luren's young soul a lot, and later Fu Luren joined the U.S. Army despite his father's opposition, which may also be related to this incident.
It should be said that Fu Luren is still very talented in learning, and it took him only three years to completely pass the "language barrier" and was successfully admitted to the School of Foreign Affairs of Georgetown University in 1953.
At this time, Fu Luren still retained Chinese nationality, and he had wanted to enter the Chinese diplomatic system after graduating from university
However, when he graduated from college, he found that he might not be able to work in China's diplomatic system, and he did not want to work for the Kuomintang, so he chose to become an American citizen when he graduated from college in 1957.
However, Fu Luren, who originally wanted to take the US diplomat exam, found that the United States had long since introduced a rule that new immigrants could only take the diplomat exam if they were naturalized in the United States for ten years.
In this way, Fu Luren's dream of becoming a diplomat was completely shattered.
Frustrated by his dreams of becoming a diplomat, he entered the University of Washington School of Law in 1957 and received his LL.B. in 1960. In the same year, he became a lawyer with the Washington, D.C. Bar Association.
It was also at this time that Fu Luren received a notice of enlistment in the military, and the United States was still practicing conscription at that time.
When Fu Luren arrived in the United States, he still had a temporary permit
Soon after his military service, Fu Luren discovered that because he was a lawyer, he could serve as both a lawyer and an officer, instead of honestly serving two years of military service as a leading soldier.
He joined the U.S. Army Judge Advocate General's Office as a lieutenant lawyer, where his main mission was to litigate U.S. Army soldiers.
Fu Luren chose to retire after his service expired in 1964, but soon he found that he liked military life and he wanted to return to the army.
And his decision was strongly opposed by his father Fu Jingbo, and it was not until Fu Luren was promoted to colonel that Fu Jingbo reluctantly accepted his son's choice.
Fu Luren, who returned to the army in 1964, began his smooth sailing military career.
In 1984, Fu Luren was promoted to brigadier general;
In 1989, Fu was promoted to major general, becoming the first Chinese-American general in U.S. history.
In 1991, he was promoted to Judge Advocate General, U.S. Army.
In 1993, Fu Luren retired as a major general.
After his retirement, he joined McDonnell Douglas as President of McDonnell Donnell Dalwellall China, and after the merger of McDonnell Dalwelling and Boeing, he became Executive Vice President of Boeing China.
In 1997, he joined Enron International as President of China.
In 2006, Fu was elected as the fourth president of the "Committee of 100", an elite organization of Chinese Americans in the United States. In addition, Fu has also actively participated in Sino-US exchange activities, and has visited China many times since 1988.
Summer palace
Mr. Fu is best known for his fluent Beijing dialect, and decades of living in the United States have not changed his accent.
In 1988, Fu Luren visited China with a U.S. Army delegation and visited the Summer Palace with two other colleagues.
At that time, domestic tourists were charged 2 yuan, and foreign guests were charged 20 yuan. The Chinese escort said: "One Chinese, two foreigners. ”
Fu Luren immediately changed his name to the conductor in Beijing Mandarin: "It's two Chinese and one foreigner." ”
As a result, as soon as the conductor heard Fu Luren's authentic Beijing dialect, he decided that he was Chinese and only charged 2 yuan.
Passing by the Friendship Store in Shanghai, a salesman pointed to Fu Luren's colleague and couldn't help asking: "Are you Chinese or foreigner, how do you dress the same as them, are you pretending?"
Before Fu Luren could answer, the salesman then asked, "Which side are you on if we go to war with the United States?" Fu Luren was silent for a moment, thought for a while, and asked, "Which side do you want me to stand on?"
Mr. Fu Luren has always been committed to the development of Sino-US relations, and he famously said, "The more China's economy develops, the more the United States cannot do without China." ”
In 2010, Fu died in the United States at the age of 76.
END