Scientists explore dark matter.
As early as the 19th century, some physicists had raised doubts that there might be more matter in the universe than is currently seen.
In 1933, among many scientists, Ritz Zwicky was the first to propose the concept of dark matter. Zwicky has studied the Epicardial Cluster, which is a cluster of galaxies packed together in a small cosmic space, loosely bound together by gravity.
Zwicky measured the velocities of eight galaxies in the cluster and came up with a figure of about 1,000 kilometers per second. This is a surprising number, because at this speed, these galaxies would have long since broken away from the gravitational pull of the cluster and flew out of the cluster. Either Newton's law of gravitation is wrong, or the Comae cluster has a much larger actual mass than the mass of visible matter, large enough to generate enough gravitational pull to pull the fast-moving galaxies together.
Zwicky named these invisible substances dark matter. In 1936, Sinclair Smith noticed that the actual mass of the Virgo Cluster also appeared to be greater than the observed mass of matter. In 1939, Horace Babcock's study of the Andromeda Galaxy also provided more evidence. Curiously, these important observations have been more or less overlooked.
It was not until the early 70s of the 20th century that the academic community began to pay attention to this problem and intensively used new measurement methods to re-analyze this problem, and the results obtained confirmed the observations made in the 30s of the 20th century.
By the late 70s of the 20th century, there was a broad consensus that the visible universe actually contained much more matter than astronomers could observe. However, there is no agreement on the specific form of these invisible substances, and the mystery remains unsolved.
There are many mysteries, such as the belief that the solar system was originally a binary galaxy, and due to the great changes in the universe, only one of the two suns remained, and the other became a black hole, like an eye socket without eyeballs. When the solar system evolved from a binary galaxy to a single galaxy, its effects are still felt today, despite the fact that one sun became a black hole or something. The most obvious observable astronomical phenomenon is that the orbits of the planets in the solar system are elliptical rather than circular.
Most scientists agree that dark matter makes up about 85% of the mass of the visible universe, yet despite their best efforts, they have not yet determined what dark matter looks like.
