In June 408, in the height of summer, a lesser-known fire broke out in the Jin Dynasty, not as famous as Xiang Yu's burning of Afang Palace, because this fire burned down only the residence of a poor poet.
The poet looked at the burning fire and two words popped into his mind: grain.
The two little children also held out their little fingers to the fire, crying bitterly.
The house was burned to the ground, and the poet had to live in the boat in front of the door, the new valley was not harvested, the old valley was not there, and hunger was inevitable.
However, the poet is different after all, the family lives in the boat outside, but he is still in the mood to play with the water with his children and pick lotuses with his wife, completely unlike a person who has just undergone great changes.
This homeless poet is the great poet Tao Yuanming.
At this time, Tao Yuanming, 44 years old, although there is no old age on the top, but there is a small one on the bottom, and he is a middle-aged man who is "bitter haha".
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Tao Yuanming was born in Chaisang, Xunyang.
His family lineage is very good, great-grandfather Tao Kan, is a legendary figure in the Eastern Jin Dynasty, with great military achievements, and his grandfather Guanju Taishou.
However, in addition to bringing Tao Yuanming a good identity, The ancestral Yu Yin did not leave him much property, and when he arrived at Tao Yuanming's father, he had already fallen almost to the point.
When Tao Yuanming was eight years old, his father died of illness.
In Tao Yuanming's time, culturally it was not lonely at all, the book saint Wang Xizhi was still alive, the painter Gu Kaizhi was still alive, Xie Lingyun was not dead, and Bao Zhao was still writing poetry.
When he was a child, Tao Yuanming worshipped Confucius and wanted to enter the world to seek fame, but he also liked Lao Zhuang and did nothing, and most importantly, his personality was close to Lao Zhuang and liked to send love to landscapes.
Therefore, although Tao Yuanming is open-minded and does not like to be restrained, in his personality, Confucius's idea of joining the world actually always pulls him back.
Therefore, even if he likes landscapes and likes pastoral life, Tao Yuanming, like most people with lofty ideals, is eager to do something.
Young people rarely personnel, swimming well in the Six Classics.
Fierce ambitions are all over the world, and Qian Fei thinks far and wide.
On the one hand, he has the ambition to join the world, on the other hand, there is little vulgar rhyme, Tao Yuanming's entanglement can be seen, and between being an official and cultivating the countryside, he has struggled for half a life.
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In addition to being poor, Tao Yuanming's early years lived a life he liked.
As he himself said:
Weak age sent outside, entrusted in the piano book, by the brown Xin self-satisfaction, repeatedly empty and often Yan Ru.
Living a life you like, even if you are poor, your home is often empty, but there is nothing to be afraid of.
At that time, Tao Yuanming, Fuqin read, and sometimes gladly forgot to eat.
Nature is shaded by trees, birds pass by flocks, and he sees them with joy.
In May and June, when the weather was very hot, he slept under the north window, enjoyed the cool breeze, and thought that he was the first-class person in heaven and earth.
And it does.
Occasionally, however, he thinks of his ambitions.
When young and strong, he traveled alone with his sword, and who traveled close by words and deeds, Zhangye to Youzhou. Hungry Shouyang Wei, thirsty drink easy to flow water.
In such a life, although there are some small povertys, but in the idyllic environment, the heart is happy, and the natural enemy has passed the occasional poverty.
Until one year, Tao Yuanming's family really couldn't open the pot, so they had to "throw themselves into the school."
In order for his family to live a better life, Tao Yuanming went to become an official, but this time as an official, he was actually too poor to do anything, and his family could not open the pot, and if he did not become an official, he was afraid that he would starve to death.
In fact, Tao Yuanming didn't want to go, but it didn't matter if he starved to death, the family followed him to starve, then it wouldn't work.
Especially the mother, who is also older, how can she suffer like this again.
At the same time, think about your ambitions, think about a dream in your heart, and try it, in case it works.
After thinking about it, I decided to go to this state festival bar.
At that time, Tao Yuanming was 29 years old.
However, being an official is not a worry-free matter, especially for a person like Tao Yuanming, it is even more of a torture.
Not long after becoming an official, he had a conflict with his colleagues.
There were too many things in the official arena that deceived and conspired with each other, and before long, Tao Yuanming couldn't stand it, and he resolutely resigned and went home, feeling comfortable at home.
Not long after, the state asked him to be the main bookkeeper, but Tao Yuanming, who had just come out of the official field, how could he agree, he refused.
As soon as I went out, I felt that something was not quite right, the outside world was wonderful, and the outside world was helpless.
Tao Yuanming, like most people, is forced by life to do certain things.
But Tao Yuanming has more courage than most people, he dares to do it, and he dares to leave.
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As soon as he entered the official field, he knew that he was not suitable for himself, and Tao Yuanming had already broken off the idea of becoming an official.
He planned to turn his family into a family of cultivators and readers, studying while cultivating the land, away from eunuchs and away from the officialdom.
The mother is also getting older, and she and her wife can take good care of the elderly in the family and let her raise her for a long time.
However, how could Tao Yuanming think that bad luck would come to his wife's head?
His wife, Wang, died.
The Wang family entered the Tao Yuanming family a few years ago, when the Tao family was in ruins, but the Wang family, with its love for Tao Yuanming and the obedience of ancient women, and Tao Yuanming's lips and teeth were dependent on each other, and they did not abandon it.
She takes care of the housework and takes care of everyone in the family.
Learn from the appearance of the peasant women in the village and go to the field to farm.
The death of his wife was a huge blow to Tao Yuanming. Looking at the young children, looking at the elderly mother, what can Tao Yuanming do, in such a chaotic world, life is originally a sin, even in such a peaceful and prosperous world, no one dares to say that life is easy, dare to easily live the life of cultivating Longmu.
There was no way, he had to go out and become an official again.
Before going out to become an official, he remarried Zhai, after all, the children in the family still need to be taken care of, and the old mother also needs someone to take care of.
In fact, he didn't hate being an official, but he hated the kind of person who, in the official arena, had to bow his head and change his style of acting.
Tao Yuanming is a very self-centered person, and he regards his personality as more important than anything else.
He had heard that Huan Xuan was good, ambitious, and could do something. Just at that time, Sun En rebelled, and Tao Yuanming wanted to follow Huan Xuan and write a letter to evaluate the rebellion, which was the highest confucian ideal, ruling the country and the world.
But soon, Tao Yuanming found that Huan Xuan's ambitions were very large, and his goal was not only to level the world and put down the rebellion.
But the ideal in Tao Yuanming's heart was to support the world, not to seize the world, so he found a reason and resigned his official post and went home.
After this resignation, he stayed at home for two more years, and then Huan Xuan rebelled and was pacified by Liu Yu.
A lot of in and out, like people who are running around for life, like us who want to give up and dare not give up, work for money, work for life, an ordinary Tao Yuanming.
Many things in life are not done if you want to do it, and naturally you don't want to do it.
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I've always felt that if life could be simple, most people would be simple.
But in reality, life is often complicated because it is often not a person.
After a lot of tossing and turning, nothing has been achieved, but after all, the age is a lot, Tao Yuanming's mid-life crisis has also come, there are old and young, the family is open mouth, waiting to be fed.
What about farming?
If he could eat enough and live in peace, Tao Yuanming would not have to go out.
Tao Yuanming, who was forced to make a living, was sent to the capital at the beginning of the fourth year of Long'an.
A year later, When Mother Tao died, Yuanming returned home to mourn, and at the end of the three-year Ding worry period, Yuanming once again came out with the concept of "forty unknowns, not enough to be afraid" and joined the army as the general of the Zhen Army, Liu Yu.
At this time, he was an official, but what he was thinking about was his pastoral, "tired of the river and the way, thinking of the mountain and the residence."
Living in the official field for a long time, from the first time he came out to now, it has been more than ten years, he has already seen through the official life, and he really has no intention of nostalgia.
But, life!
He quit and did this, did he quit and resigned, wasn't it just for the sake of life?
Life is too hard.
Fortunately, Tao Yuanming is more open-minded, otherwise he probably can't bear it and has to be depressed.
This time as an official, it was still the same as before, and it didn't take long to find a reason to leave.
This time, he made up his mind that he would never be an official again.
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If you give up your work, you will suffer poverty.
If you don't want to be poor, you have to be satisfied.
Tao Yuanming is naturally not afraid of poverty, nor is he afraid of suffering, but he drags the family, he can't be so casual.
The pain of economic oppression made him unable to settle for the countryside, but the heart that demanded free individuality made him unable to stand the cage of his career.
He said:
My family is poor, the cultivated land is not self-sufficient, there are still many children in the family, and there is no way to eat enough food.
Relatives and friends persuaded me to go out and become an official.
Tao Yuanming, who was determined not to be an official anymore, had no choice, the family really could not hold on, he had no choice but to go out to be an official again, this time he did the Pengze County Order.
The court gave him some land, he said: all planted into wine-making sorghum, and later his wife vigorously opposed it, so she had to divide some rice seeds.
However, not long after, the county sent inspectors. The subordinate told Tao Yuanming that you should dress up and respectfully greet them.
When Tao Yuanming heard these words at that time, he said, How can a man of my cousin bend his eyebrows to the children in the township for the sake of five buckets of rice, so he resigned his official position again and left the official field that he did not like, and from then on he studied while farming.
This time, he had only been an official for more than 80 days, and the sorghum in the field had not yet matured, so he left.
As a summary of the first half of his life, he wrote the famous "Return to the Word".
Return to the land, the countryside will not return.
After this departure, he never entered the official arena again in this life.
That year, he was forty-one years old, and he had been running in the official arena for many years, which had long bored his heart. At that time, he finally saw his heart and saw through life.
This time, the attitude of farming has finally strengthened.
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After returning home this time, he didn't think much about his career anymore, not disappointed, but really tired.
It's not that the family isn't poor anymore, but he really understands that what's more terrible than being poor is that a person doesn't want to do something for money.
It has been twelve years since I first became an official and the last time I became an official.
For twelve years he had been contradictory, struggling, and now, at last, he understood.
Mistakenly fell into the dust net, gone for thirty years.
The first half of life was constantly changing between career and hard work, and in a flash of forty years, forty years had passed, and there were several forty years in life.
"Those who have realized the past can be traced."
The past is immutable, and the future can be traced.
The days after returning home, although it is hard, at least it is my favorite.
He planted the land, very hard, every day out early and late home, the wild grass is more lush than the bean seedlings.
"Morning Rise is absurd, bring the moon lotus hoe home." "The road is narrow and the grass is long, and the dew is staining my clothes." ”
However, Yuanming enjoyed himself, writing poetry while farming and educating his son.
Wrote a famous poem "The Blame":
The white hair was covered with two sideburns, and the skin was no longer solid.
Although there are five boys, it is always difficult to write and pencil.
Ashu is twenty-eight, lazy and unmatched.
Ah Xuan practiced zhixue, but did not love literature.
Yongduan was thirteen years old, and did not know six and seven.
Tongzi droops nine years old, but forages pears and chestnuts.
In short, the years are long, it is worth waiting, and sometimes when the land is tired, I ask several people to drink together.
When you are drunk, you say to your friend: I am drunk and I am going to sleep, so go back.
He couldn't even look at the peasants in the village who planted the land, came to him with a wine jug, and said to him, My Lord, you don't belong here, in this world that is turbid all over the world, why do you want to clear the heights alone?
But Tao Yuanming replied: Nature is difficult to move.
What nature? His nature is: sex loves Hill Mountain.
Tao Yuanming, who lived in the second half of his life, really lived to become Tao Yuanming, picking chrysanthemums under the eastern fence and leisurely seeing the South Mountain.
When I am drunk, I am not aware of me, and I know that things are precious. Left by the yo-yo fans, there is a deep meaning in the wine.
To live is to live a spontaneous life. He finally lived to be the hermit in our hearts.
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After Tao Yuanming's return to hiding, Wang Hong, the Assassin of Jiangzhou, wanted to get to know Tao Yuanming, but he could not see him.
Wang Hong had no choice but to send someone to guard Tao Yuanming's house to see where Tao Yuanming was going, so as to take the opportunity to meet him.
Finally learning that Tao Yuanming was going to Lushan to play, Wang Hong asked his friend Pang Tongzhi to bring good wine and intercept Tao Yuanming on the halfway to Lushan.
Tao Yuanming this person, when encountering good wine, he can't move his body, in the middle of the road, he met Pang Tongzhi, invited him to drink, Tao Yuanming did not contradict, and Pang Tongzhi drank, he forgot to go to Lushan.
At this time, Wang Hong, who had already planned, came.
Tao Yuanming, who was drunk enough, quickly invited Thorn Shi to sit down, drink together, and chat together until the day was thin.
At that time, Tao Yuanming did not wear shoes, and Wang Hong ordered him to leave and right: "Quickly measure the size of Mr. And make a good pair of shoes."
As soon as he finished speaking, Tao Yuanming stretched out a pair of big feet so that people could measure the size.
The crowd laughed dumbly.
Yan Tingzhi and Tao Yuanming are good friends, have a deep friendship, and often drink with Tao Yuanming.
Later, Yan Tingzhi became a Taishou, and every time he passed through Xunyang, he had to find Tao Yuanming to "fight for three hundred rounds" and not get drunk.
Yan Tingzhi transferred away, and left Tao Yuanming twenty thousand yuan to subsidize the family, but Tao Yuanming did not care, and directly sent twenty thousand yuan to the winery so that he could buy wine and drink in the future.
On September 9, the chrysanthemums bloomed just right, and Tao Yuanming had no money to buy wine.
He walked out of the wood door, sat down in the chrysanthemum, and picked a large handful of chrysanthemums.
He looked at Nanshan, looked at the chrysanthemums, and his heart was quiet.
Suddenly, his friend Wang Hong came and brought no wine, and then he and Wang Hong drank wine from the chrysanthemums, with chrysanthemums on one side, breeze on the other, and wine on the other.
The two men drank casually and did not go to the house.
Drunk, Tao Yuanming slowly went home.
Mo Dao's life is not beautiful, only because his heart is not leisurely.
Life is not good, some because of poverty, but most of them are not beautiful, not because they are too poor to eat, but because a person's heart is poor, so poor that they only think that money is a good thing, only know that fame and fortune are good things, and only know that success is a good thing.
In fact, there are many successes in the world, making thousands of dollars is a kind, winning the admiration of thousands of people is also a kind, and living a life that they like is also a kind, and it is a kind of everyone can do.
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Tao Yuanming did not understand the rhythm of music, but he collected a stringless piano, and every time he drank until he had fun, he picked up his stringless piano and played it there.
The piano is silent, but the heart has rhyme.
When someone comes to visit, no matter how noble or low, as long as there is wine at home, Tao Yuanming will take out good wine to entertain them, and if he is drunk first, he will tell the guests: I am drunk, I want to sleep, you can go back.
Tao Yuan is really blunt tomorrow, that is really not ordinary.
Once, a friend who was an official came to visit him, and it just so happened that the rice wine he brewed that day was ripe, and Tao Yuanming directly took off his turban and wet the wine, and when the wine was finished, the turban was covered with lees, and he did not wash it, and put it back on.
In 427 AD, Tao Yuanming came to the end of his life.
He told his son that after death, he would not raise a high grave, nor would he ask for sacrifices, but would only grow back to dust.
However, after his death, he became Tao Yuanming in the hearts of countless people, and Su Dongpo was extremely arrogant, degrading and promoting officials, and treating him indifferently.
However, he told his younger brother Su Rui: "I am a poet, I have nothing good, and I am the only poet of Yuanming." ”
When he was living in Who, Su Dongpo often read Tao Yuanming's poems.
Two great personalities, hundreds of years apart in time and space, intersect and comfort each other.
Many things in the human world are often not what people want, but people who want to live out their true selves are often the most important things in their souls.
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Tao Yuanming was afraid of poverty and resigned his official position and went into hiding, and he also knew that he would suffer from poverty and hunger.
If you keep your strength and keep the stubbornness, you will not be poor and hungry.
He understood, he understood too well.
Anyone who has lived in this world, I think, no one does not understand this truth.
But Tao Yuanming understood even more that what was the purpose of people being busy in the world?
Who made this trip? Seems to be driven by hunger. When you lean over the camp, you have more than enough. Fearing that this is not a name, the driving will return to idleness.
He understood all too well that it wasn't just because of poverty, it wasn't because he couldn't eat.
It's because of the human heart.
How many people are working? Just to eat? Just because of the needs of life itself, no, far from it.
Before seeing that there are people with tens of millions of annual incomes complaining about the hardship of life, the cost of hiring a nanny is more than 100,000 a year, and there are villa mortgages.
I don't know whether it's true or not, but I think that such a person is not difficult in life, but hard in the heart.
I also saw a lot of people, they live a good life, but they always feel that it is not enough, why?
Because what they ask for is far more than life itself, life is good, but in the end what is good, they have no points in their hearts, just look at the "better" people's homes, and use those things as a reference.
What is good? Eat well, go out and drive a luxury car, live in a villa at home, that is good?
But if his heart, destitute, and he sees other people, who own private jets, then doesn't he feel that there is no comparison?
At the end of the day, life is only your own, what is good is only your own definition, what you think is good, that is good, if you are not satisfied, it will never be good.
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Tao Yuanming lived very frankly.
For more than a thousand years, he has become the object of envy of countless people, but people envy Tao Yuanming, often not because he writes poetry well, nor is he envious that he is so poor that he sometimes can't drink.
What do we envy him for?
He lived his life as he liked, and he arranged his life according to his favorite way of life.
However, we should know that Tao Yuanming is also a person, and he is also like all of us, with a family to raise, a son to teach, a life to live, and like all people now, he has to suffer poverty if he does not work.
But in the end, he returned to life itself, only to find that it is not life that is poor, but the human heart that is poor.
He used his life to tell us that life is simple, as long as you are really living.
If you don't believe it, you can also look at Thoreau's experiment on life at Walden, where the human heart is more complex than life, because it has vanity, excess desire, selfishness, laziness, covetousness, and a relatively endless existence.
All in all, you can live a life you like, as long as you let go of more desires than desires.
Wen | not interesting soul