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<h1>He spent a century building his buildings on 4 continents and 10 countries. </h1>
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According to foreign media reports, the world-renowned Chinese architect I.M. Pei died on May 16 at the age of 102.
On April 26, Mr. Leoh Ming Pei, the "last master of modern architecture", celebrated his 102nd birthday (April 26, 1917 – May 16, 2019).
Pei's "I.M. Ming" has the meaning of light, giving light to architecture, which is one of his greatest changes to the world.
From the gleaming Pyramids of the Louvre in Paris to the Chinese ambitions of the Bank of China Tower in Hong Kong, he "let the light do the design" and also shone with the brilliance of modern architecture, and his architecture is all over the world.
An architectural dream that has taken root from an early age
Born on April 26, 1917, Pei's father, Pei Zuyi, one of the founders of the Bank of China, lived in Suzhou Lion Forest, was admitted to Tangshan Jiaotong University at the age of 18, and served as deputy general manager of the Bank of China and president of the central bank.
Because the family has continued to flourish since the middle of the Ming Dynasty, it has been one of the four major families in Suzhou during the Qianlong period, and some media have said that Pei is the last nobleman in China.
Pei Zuyi was originally paired with the Zhuang clan after the Qing court Guozi supervised the sake, and died of cancer after giving birth to 6 children. Pei Zuyi followed Up with Zhang Xueliang, a famous Jiangnan celebrity Jiang Shiyun, who moved her family overseas in 1949.
At the age of 10, Pei was taken by his father to Shanghai, the first metropolis in the Far East at the time, and as he watched the "first building of the Far East", the Shanghai International Hotel, rise from the ground, his appreciation of architecture expanded from Eastern tradition to modern Western.
"I think this is very interesting, day by day to see, getting higher and higher, the result is almost more than 20 floors, has a great impact on me, I think this matter is worth studying." 」
Because his ancestors started by practicing medicine and selling medicines, he was engaged in finance, and Pei zuyi once hoped that his son would engage in finance or study medicine, but Pei insisted on choosing his own interests: studying architecture and going to the United States to study.
I.M. Pei in his youth
"Man and nature coexist. Creativity is the co-crystallization of human ingenuity and nature, which I learned from the Suzhou garden. ”
--I.M. Pei
In his youth, he has already experienced the true meaning of "family" and has "gradually felt and cherished the relationship between life and architecture" in his childhood memory of Suzhou, where people treat each other with sincerity, mutual respect, and the relationship between people as the first of their daily lives, I think this is the meaning of life."
Walking through the Lion Grove, Xihuaqiao Lane, caves, ponds, stone bridges and waterfalls in rockeries, these traces of traditional Chinese culture made him realize that architectural creativity is the common crystallization of human ingenuity and nature.
Later, Pei, who had received many years of Western education, still thought to himself: "I spent the most absorbent adolescent in China, so there is a kind of Chineseness, which remains deeply in me, and it is difficult to change no matter what." I'm still a full Chinese. ”
I.M. Pei opposed the rigid attachment of certain components of ancient Chinese architecture to modern architecture to emphasize nationalization; innovation is not a superficial form based on the past.
He believes that in modern architecture should be modernist, not to go backwards, to go forward. Innovation must have a deep source.
In China, he said, no work since the Ming Dynasty could be called "the Renaissance representation of Chinese architecture."
The pursuit of design is never-ending
He is known as "an elegant ferryman in the cracks of culture" and has a "mysterious and elegant oriental aristocratic temperament".
In 1981, France launched a reconstruction plan for the Louvre in Paris, and several museum directors recommended I.M. Pei. Pei said: "Either give it to me or I give up, I'm older and don't want to compete." “
In a national project designation rather than competition, public opinion pressure can be imagined. After the glass pyramid plan was announced, it caused an uproar.
Grand Louvre Plan
Pyramid building diagram
Statistics show that 90% of French people oppose the pyramid scheme. "I.M. Pei will ruin Paris!"
They described the scheme as "a fingernail scratch on a glossy blackboard," "a scar on the Face of France," and "a ruin of our daily dog walking route."
I.M. Pei in front of the Louvre architectural model
"It is not the most important thing for others to accept or not to accept for me, and it is more important for me to accept or not to accept this myself."
Pei said. After he thought about it seriously, he still thought he was right.
"It is impossible to find any new building that can be integrated with the old palace that has been worn down by the years. The transparent glass pyramid can not only provide valuable light for the museum, but also reflect the old buildings around it, so that they can echo each other.
Moreover, this simple geometric figure not only does not appear obtrusive, but can set off the solemnity and majesty of the Louvre, and it can also be connected with the Arc de Triomphe and the obelisk of the Place de la Concorde, adding to the central axis of Paris. In addition, the pyramid shape can not affect the main building as much as possible in the line of sight. ”
The later result was naturally to prove Pei's correctness and further achieve his master status.
"If something is to continue to shine, it must absorb its essence, otherwise it is just a fleeting trend." Pei said.
In 1982, two representatives of the Bank of China in Hong Kong approached Pei's father because he had been the general manager of the Bank of China... They asked Pei's father to promise that they would persuade Pei to design the building.
At that time, Pei's father said that whether he wanted to design it or not would be left to him to decide, and you should ask him. So they came to ask Pei, and Pei accepted the commission.
Coincidentally, the old headquarters of the Hong Kong branch of the Bank of China in the 1920s was initiated by Pei's father. He was the manager at the time.
Although the Bank of China case and I.M. Pei have personal ties, when they found him, the case already faced many obstacles, mainly the base environment.
Pei took up the case with a land change and a new road split. In addition to the public criticism of feng shui, the BOC Tower also had to resist various controversies. However, as the owner, the Bank of China has been supportive of I.M. Pei throughout the process.
BOC Tower and Urban Mobility
The base is surrounded by viaducts and highways, so we were worried about the noise of traffic around us. That's why we've set up water gardens on both sides of the building.
Pei said feng shui is rooted in the celebration of nature, but sometimes degenerates into a superstition. When you design buildings in Hong Kong, you can't get rid of this problem.
As soon as our design was made public, I was immediately attacked, and the artillery fire was as fierce as the design for the Louvre, but for a completely different reason.
Let's say they slammed our building for having too many sharp corners. "These horns are like blades of a sword, and they bring bad luck to the neighbors," they said. "There are many other waves of opposition. Thankfully my owners were supportive of me the whole time.
He is not tempted by external labels. He said:
"For me, architecture is architecture. There is no such thing as modern architecture, postmodern architecture, deconstructivism... I don't believe this, they are like clouds of smoke, and the one that really survives is the building itself— the architecture of all ages. ”
He did not write his own books or comb through his own theoretical system. He said: "I'm not in a hurry. ”
What he cares about most is whether the work can stand the test of time.
There is a "most beautiful little daughter" in Suzhou
Located in the northeast street of Suzhou Ancient City, the new Suzhou Museum, adjacent to the World Heritage Humble Administrator's Garden and the Taiping Tianguo Zhongwang Mansion, a national key cultural relics protection unit, has a large collection of Neolithic and Wu cultural relics, is one of the first batch of national first-class museums, and is also a comprehensive museum integrating modern building architecture, ancient architecture and innovative landscape gardens.
However, what established the status of suzhou museum was a Chinese master of architecture, I.M. Pei. In the minds of Suzhou people, the Suzhou Museum and I.M. Pei are an inseparable whole.
The design of the new Suzhou Museum has been greatly invested in the design of I.M. Pei, and his design is full of intentions to reflect the characteristics of Suzhou. Pei Lao has said many times in public that in all his works, he loves Su Bo Xinguan the most.
On October 6, 2006, at the opening ceremony of the new museum of Suzhou Museum, Pei Lao personally pushed open the door of the new museum, and he said emotionally that the Bei family has a history of 600 years in Suzhou, my roots are in Suzhou, and today is the marriage for the most beloved "little daughter".
<h2>I.M. Pei: My building and mine are like bamboo, and even the wind and rain are just bending over. </h2>
But this "last master of modern architecture" is still gone. The New York Times said in its obituary: "His elegant and determined temperament has made him popular with developers, companies and art galleries at the same time." All of his work, whether commercial buildings or art galleries, strike a delicate balance between innovation and conservatism. ”
<h2>Pei's works can travel through time and space and respond to people's hearts, and time is a witness....</h2>
As Murakami said:
"Everyone's talent and opportunities are different, when you choose to start doing a favorite thing, it is not all smooth, there are encouragements, there are blows, but since you like and enjoy, you must stick to it!" 」
Therefore, Pei Lao's life is happy, and he has been insisting on his favorite career and playing to the extreme.
His magnificent life is probably a capitalized bold "I like"!
Like design, just study again and again;
Like architecture, just play to the extreme;
Like your hometown, just let it become a symbol...
When people live, they want to do what they like. No worries, no worries, no complaints, no regrets.
Don't forget the original heart of Bei Lao, all the way good!
Look back on the architectural design of a lifetime
Museum of Islamic Art
Qatar Doha
（2008）
Suzhou Museum
Suzhou, China
（2006）
Meixiu Museum
Kyoto and Japan
（1997）
Rock and Roll Hall of Fame
Cleveland Usa
（1995）
New Louvre Museum
Paris, France
（1989）
Bank of China Tower
Hong Kong, China
Fragrant Hills Hotel
Beijing, China
（1982）
Kennedy Library
United States
（1979）
Dallas City Hall
Dallas USA
（1978）
East Building, National Gallery of Art, Washington, D.C
Washington, D.C., USA
Everson Museum
New York United States
（1968）
Luce Memorial Church
Taichung Taiwan
（1963）
"The most beautiful building should be built on time, and time will give all the answers," Mr. Pei once said. Looking back at the century-old journey, the glass pyramid in front of the Louvre is still as bright as a jewel, and the Suzhou Museum in the hometown is increasingly showing the temperament of the fusion of classical and modern.
For Bei Lao, architecture is architecture, there is no modern architecture, postmodern architecture, etc., any doctrine is a passing cloud, and what really remains is the building itself.
This article was written and formatted: Ke Dabao
Image source of this article: Network
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