Some time ago, I discussed the meaning of reading with a friend, and I said: Regarding the meaning of reading, the ancients have long said everything, and xiu qi zhiping. Those who use the books they read for the wind and snow and even the sad spring and autumn are actually reading the books crookedly. As Bao Chao said, "I have shifted my temperament."
Repair Qi Zhiping, small is to cultivate the family, the big is to rule the country and the world, whether there is an opportunity or not, there is a stage to exert talents. Therefore, the ancient readers thus extended a more practical ambition and mission: not for the good, but for the good doctor.
The mission of the reader: if you are not a good person, you will be a good doctor, and if you enter, you will save the world, and if you retreat, you will save the people.
In ancient times, reading was a luxury, and it was difficult for ordinary people to have the opportunity to read. Because of this, the mission of promoting the healthy development of society has befallen these people who have more opportunities. As a result, we can see that there have been intellectuals throughout the ages who have sacrificed the small self as the big self and spared no effort to save the world and the people, such as Kong Zhongni, who "knows that he cannot do it", Fan Zhongyun, who "worries about the world before the world, and enjoys the happiness of the world after the world", and Zhang Zhongjing, who wrote "On Typhoid Fever and Miscellaneous Diseases" in the midst of hardships and hardships.
The highest ideal of the reader is to be a good person, "assist the country and govern the people", and create a happy society for the people that is "prosperous without hunger, why should we be busy with farming". Good looks are a very broad concept that refers to all officials who can participate in government affairs. Different levels, different divisions of labor, but the goal is the same, are "auxiliary to the country and the people." However, not all readers have the opportunity to enter the official arena, so those who are good at being flexible find another way to save the world: good doctors.
Therefore, people who really know how to read books, more or less will read some medical books, understand some medical science, at least in small diseases and pains and health can not ask for people. When Lin Daiyu first entered Jia Province, the book mentioned, "On that day, Lin Ruhai taught her daughter to cultivate herself with good fortune, and after the cloud meal, she waited for the grains to be swallowed, and then ate tea after a while, so as not to hurt the spleen and stomach", indicating that Lin Ruhai also had a study of medical science.
The book also mentions Baochao's study of medical science twice, once to Baoyu and once to Daiyu.
The eighth time, when it was cold and snowing, Bao Yu wanted to drink cold wine, and Bao Chao used medical theory to persuade him: "Brother Bao, thanks to what you receive every day at home, don't you know that the wine is the hottest, if you eat it hot, it will spread quickly; if you eat it cold, it will condense inside, and warm him with the five viscera, won't you be harmed?" Don't eat that cold one from now on! ”
Bao Yu was originally a person who did not listen to persuasion, but he "listened to the reasonableness of this, so he put down the cold and ordered people to drink warmly."
There is also the forty-fifth time, Bao Chao saw that Daiyu's illness is always bad, and "every year there is a spring and a summer", so he made suggestions according to medical theory: "Yesterday I saw your prescription, ginseng and cinnamon felt too much." Although it is beneficial to replenish the spirit, it should not be too hot. According to me, first of all, to flatten the liver and stomach as the key, the liver fire is flat, can not conquer the soil, the stomach is disease-free, diet can raise people. Get up early every day, take one or two of the best bird's nest, five dollars of rock sugar, and use silver chomps to boil out the porridge, if you are used to eating, it is stronger than medicine, and it is the most nourishing yin and qi. ”
It is precisely because baochao's words are reasonable, Dai Yu not only accepts the bird's nest that Baochao gave her, but also pours out her heartfelt words to Baochao and relies on Baochao as a sister.
As if to highlight that readers should pay attention to the study of medical science, the author Mr. Cao Xueqin also specially created the character of Zhang Youshi. Zhang Youshi was Originally Feng Ziying's "gentleman who studied when he was a child", "the most profound in learning, more profound in medical science, and able to judge people's life and death", which shows that he is mainly teaching and educating people, supplemented by the study of medical science, and does not intend to engage in the profession of doctor. But he was able to heal and save people at the right time. If Qin Keqing's illness had not been delayed by a group of quack doctors, he might have saved Keqing's life.
Zhang Youshi is not a good look, he is a representative of good doctors, not only "the most profound knowledge", but also "extremely deep medical science", and can use learning to save the world, and retreat can use medicine to save the people. Feng Ziying admired him so much, it can be imagined that if Feng Ziying encountered confusion in her future government affairs work, she would definitely find a mentor to guide him. Therefore, although Zhang Youshi is not in the official field, he can indirectly play a role in saving the world.
This is the realm that a reader should have, and realizes the meaning of reading.
Dai Yukong is full of talent, but it is used to hurt the spring and autumn.
Not all readers can be like Zhang Youshi, who is "the most knowledgeable, but also the most profound medical theory", because whether they can read through books and whether they can turn book knowledge into their own talents requires understanding. This understanding is related to whether or not we are born smart.
The masters in the Grand View Garden are all readers, and the most perceptive is Lin Daiyu, because only she has "a better heart than a dry one", only she has "Wing Chun Cai", and is the smartest person. If she was willing to devote herself to the study of knowledge, she would be more knowledgeable than Zhang Youshi. At the same time, because she was born with a disease, "from the time she can eat food and drink to take medicine", there is more reason and motivation to study medical science.
Especially after entering Jia Province, Dai Yu had more free time and also had the leisure to focus on doing her own things. There is a detail in the book that is easy for readers to overlook, which deserves our attention. In the second time, it is said that since her mother's illness to xian's death, "serving soup and serving medicine, keeping the mourning and mourning", the simple eight words depict a sensible and laborious image. You know, at this time, Dai Yu was not yet six years old.
In the Lin family, the young Dai Yu herself is ill, but she still needs to take care of her mother who is sick, "serving soup and serving medicine". When she arrived at Jia Province, Dai Yu not only did not need to take care of others, but also had a purple crane who took care of her wholeheartedly.
At this time, Dai Yu has become a "rich and idle person" like Bao Yu, and the most important thing she should do is to start from her own disease and become a good doctor by studying medical science. There is a saying that "a long illness becomes a good doctor", and the more people who are troubled by illness, the more they will have the heart to study medical science.
Often readers say that Dai Yu has no opportunity to display her talents, and that the hermits have no right to participate in the affairs of the housekeepers of the Jia Province, and these people do not realize that the display of talents begins with self-cultivation. Self-cultivation actually includes two aspects, one is to maintain health, maintain good health, and the other is to cultivate and be a generous person. If a person can't do self-cultivation, don't think about going to the housekeeper. Why sweep the world without sweeping a house? Self-management is not good, why housekeeper?
Dai Yu was quite lacking in self-cultivation, and neither health nor cultivation had been achieved. In terms of health care, knowing that she is weak and sick, not only does not study medical science and self-help, but uses all her talents on hurting spring and autumn, making the disease more serious; in terms of cultivation, she not only cannot be lenient with others, but has become very "small", bitter and mean and suspicious, making the people around her not obedient but afraid.
This is the author's criticism of Daiyu: there are seven exquisite hearts in the air, and there is a full belly of talent, not to mention saving the world and helping the people, even he can't save himself, but instead uses the full belly of talent to hurt himself, aggravates the disease, and accelerates the process of ending his life. It was really a waste of reading poetry and books, and it was a waste of the "wisdom and beauty" and meticulous cultivation given to her by the scholarly family.
Therefore, the author borrowed BaoChao's mouth to criticize readers like Daiyu, "Reading books is even worse." This is the book mistaken for him, but unfortunately he also trampled the book badly, so it is better to cultivate and buy, but there is no great harm. ”
"Books and medicines are also good at reading can cure stupidity." This is a famous quote by the Western Han Dynasty scholar Liu Xiang. Reading was originally used to heal ignorance, through reading to be sensible, for example, Cao Xueqin called the unreasonable Aunt Zhao a "foolish concubine", and Aunt Zhao's main problem was that she was unreasonable and messed up, because she was an ignorant person who had not received cultural education. In contrast, Dai Yu was born in a family of scholars, and studied the "Four Books" at the age of five, coupled with the talent of intelligence and high understanding, but because she did not read the book correctly, she did not know the meaning of reading, but she was victimized by the book, which was more unreasonable than Aunt Zhao.
From Lin Daiyu's lesson, we can add a sentence to Liu Xiang's famous saying: "Books and medicines are also good at reading can heal stupidity, and those who are not good at reading will kill themselves." ”
Lin Daiyu's tears died, in fact, she killed herself through reading.