The growth and development of the baby's eyes begins from the first day of pregnancy, the mother is pregnant, the baby is born and grows up, many factors determine the baby's vision after growing up.
Eye care needs to be known in various periods
1. First trimester
Pay attention to the growth and development of the baby's eyes from the first day of pregnancy, therefore, from the beginning of pregnancy, pregnant women should avoid the impact of various adverse factors that may be affected, such as intrauterine infections, pregnancy poisoning, inappropriate use of drugs, exposure to poisons and radiation, etc., which may have an irreversible impact on the normal development of fetal eyes in the future.
2. Neonatal period
Try to find congenital abnormalities of the eyes, pay attention to the size, shape, position, movement, color, etc. of the eyes, such as congenital cataracts, glaucoma, etc., and actively prevent and treat various infectious eye diseases originating from the birth canal, such as ophthalmia caused by Candida infection.
3. Infancy
Avoid the influence of external adverse factors on the eyes, intraocular oblique. Many parents like to hang some cute toys above the crib, if this is often the case, the child's eyes are likely to develop inward oblique. However, some parents may find that the baby's eyes are somewhat strabismus, but when they go to the hospital for examination, the doctor says that it is not oblique, which is mainly due to the fact that people are accustomed to judging whether the eyeballs are in place according to whether the black eyeballs are symmetrically exposed, and mistakenly believe that the false strabismus is false. This condition gradually becomes normal as the eye develops.
In addition, care should be taken to prevent foreign bodies from entering the eye. Because the baby's instantaneous reflex is not yet perfect, special attention should be paid to foreign bodies in the eyes at this time, and once the baby's eyes are found to be red and swollen and lacrimated, they should go to the hospital as soon as possible.
4. Early childhood (1-3 years old)
As the child grows older and has more contact with the outside world, the chance of suffering from infectious eye diseases will also increase significantly, such as common eye diseases such as trachoma, stye, conjunctivitis, etc., which are caused by infection, so let the child have his own special towel and washbasin, so as not to spread the eye disease in the family.
Eight eye-care minor details
1. Care for your baby's eyes from the beginning of pregnancy
On the 20th day after the mother-to-be becomes pregnant, the baby's embryo begins to develop. If the expectant mother is infected with the virus at this time, suffers from a cold, or is affected by chemicals, and uses fetal preservation drugs, it may affect the development of the fetal baby's eye embryo. Therefore, expectant mothers in the first trimester must be extra careful.
During pregnancy, expectant mothers smoke passively and actively, and the proportion of amblyopia occurs after the baby is born. Therefore, expectant mothers should try to provide a smoke-free environment for their babies.
2. Like measuring height and weight, often check the baby's vision
The ideal state of the baby's vision examination should begin at birth, especially premature babies and babies who have been given oxygen at birth, because, about 14 days after birth, is a critical period of retinal development, if retinopathy has appeared, there is only a few days of chance to treat. Once these few days have passed, it is very difficult to do.
Some parents may worry that their baby is too young to cooperate with the eye chart examination. In fact, there are now some special examination equipment and methods in some maternal and child institutions and professional eye hospitals, which are designed to check the vision of young babies. Through early monitoring, we can detect the baby's vision problems in time. This is very beneficial for the treatment and control of vision problems such as amblyopia and strabismus.
For older babies, according to the current eye care routine, starting from the age of 4, the child's vision should be checked once a year, and a total of 3 times by the age of 6. Try to check your vision every 3 months.
3. Turn off the night light after falling asleep
When you go to sleep, do you have any effect on your baby's sleep and vision development?
There is no very clear study result (only in the United States, some experts in a small range of study subjects, found that sleeping at night and turning on night lights is not conducive to the visual development of babies). But just as nature has its rhythms of darkness and light, lighting has an effect on sleep. The night lights still don't stay on.
4. Take off your small sunglasses and put on your visor
Sunglasses can not only help the baby block a part of the ultraviolet rays, but also make your baby a fashionable little gentleman and little princess. As a result, many parents have let their babies join the "sunglasses family". In fact, the development of your baby's eyes needs to be stimulated by normal light. If you let your baby wear sunglasses for a long time, it is likely to affect your baby's vision development.
The quality of children's sunglasses sold on the market today varies. If the sunglasses we buy for our baby have quality problems, they can also cause other diseases. Therefore, in order to block out ultraviolet rays, you can put on a sun hat for your baby, or hold a parasol for your baby.
5. Give the eyeballs balanced nutrition
The development of the eyeball is the same as the development of the baby's body, which requires balanced nutrition. If a nutrient is excessively deficient, the eye is likely to "get sick". Therefore, if you have a small baby who is partial and picky, be sure to make him like to eat as rich as possible. Especially don't eat too much sweets, otherwise the little glasses may come to the baby early to be friends!
6. Select "No Light" Children's Book
The texture of children's book paper, the size of the words, the line spacing, the denseness of the typesetting, and the color collocation will affect the baby's vision development. Children's books printed on matte coated paper or offset paper are more suitable for babies to read because the reflection is not very strong, while those children's books that look gorgeous and bright "bright light" will hurt the baby's eyes. There are some pocket books or pocket books that are not suitable for babies because the words are very small. Some books are too messy in color, or have black characters printed on a very dark background, which is also not suitable for babies to read.
7, the light of the room as close as possible to natural light
The lighting of the room should be wide, uniform, stable and sufficient. The lighting environment of the children's room should fully take into account the baby's personality characteristics and growth needs. The overall lighting of the room should be higher than that of the adult room, and the light should be softer, so that the room can produce a warm and peaceful atmosphere. In addition, the room also needs to have corresponding local lighting, such as floor lamps, table lamps, etc., to meet the needs of the baby's reading, writing and playing.
The four interfaces of the home (floor, ceiling, wall, furniture) should be soft and coordinated. In addition, if the room is too dry, the baby's eyes will also feel dry, so keep a certain humidity.
8. Lower the tone and protect your eyesight
Noise not only reduces the sensitivity of the human eye to light brightness, but also reduces the clarity and stability of vision. When the noise reaches 70 decibels, it takes 20 minutes for vision clarity to return to a stable state, while when the noise is at 85 decibels, it takes at least more than 1 hour to recover. Therefore, in the baby's room, we should pay attention to keeping the environment quiet, and when watching TV and listening to the stereo, the sound should not be adjusted too much.
Eye food tips
1. Calcium-containing foods
Diet calcium deficiency, will cause children neuromuscular excitability increased, so that the eye muscles in a state of high tension, thereby increasing the pressure of extraocular muscles on the eyeballs, time is easy to cause visual damage, so, more to the child intake of calcium-containing food, lean meat, milk, eggs, beans, fish and shrimp, kelp, vegetables, oranges, etc. are relatively rich in calcium, but the food calcium content is generally low, such as per kilogram of lean meat contains less than calcium milligrams, and 0 to 3-year-old infants need to add 400 to 800 mg of calcium per day. Milk and dairy products have a high calcium content, more than 1 mg of calcium per 1 ml of milk, and the calcium in it is easily absorbed by the human body, so it is necessary to develop the habit of giving milk to infants and young children every day. In addition, cooking methods such as roasted pork rib soup and sweet and sour ribs can increase the calcium content.
2. Foods containing vitamin A
Foods containing vitamin A can prevent dryness and degeneration of the conjunctiva and cornea, and can prevent and treat "dry eye disease". The cornea of the eye is dry and easy to fester due to bacterial invasion, which can cause perforation and lead to blindness. Vitamin A also enhances the eye's ability to adapt to dark environments. Severe vitamin A deficiency is prone to night blindness. Vitamin A-rich foods are pork liver, chicken liver, egg yolk, milk and goat milk, etc.; plant foods such as carrots, spinach, leeks, green peppers, red hearts and white potatoes, as well as oranges, apricots, persimmons and so on.
3. Foods containing vitamin C
Vitamin C is one of the components that make up the lens of the eyeball, and the lack of vitamin C can easily make the crystals cloudy, resulting in cataracts. Give young children more vitamin C-containing foods, such as a variety of vegetables and fruits, of which green peppers, cucumbers, cauliflower, Chinese cabbage, fresh dates, raw pears and other high content.
4. Chromium-containing foods
When the chromium content in the human body decreases, the role of insulin is significantly reduced, so that the osmotic pressure of plasma rises, resulting in changes in the lens of the eye and the osmotic pressure in the atrium, prompting the crystals to become convex, increase the diopter, resulting in amblyopia and myopia. The chromium needed by the human body should be ingested from natural foods, such as brown rice, corn, and brown sugar. In addition, lean meat, fish and shrimp, eggs, beans, radishes, also have a certain content. Mothers should note that the baby eating too much sweets can also change the osmotic pressure of the lens and aqueous humor, which will also make the lens become convex and increase the diopter.
5. Alkaline foods
Body fatigue is caused by the acid metabolites in the body, which mostly make the human environment more acidic, and eye fatigue is no exception. When the internal environment is acidic, it will cause changes in the cornea and the ciliary muscles that have the ability to regulate eye fatigue, and the elasticity and resistance will decrease, and it is easy to form myopia and amblyopia. If you eat more alkaline foods, you will neutralize the acidic environment in the body, thereby relieving eye fatigue. Alkaline foods include fresh foods such as coarse rice, apples, citrus, kelp and beans, and green peppers, and mothers should find ways to make their children eat more alkaline foods.
6. Riboflavin-containing foods
Riboflavin ensures the normal metabolism and development of the retina and cornea of the eye. Riboflavin-rich foods include milk, cheese, lean meats, eggs, yeast and lentils.
![In addition to not being able to see clearly, what harm will myopia cause to children?[fig]](data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAP///wAAACwAAAAAAQABAAACAkQBADs=)