Round money is a bronze coinage in the middle and late Warring States (475 BC - 221 BC), and is a progressive form of coinage. The earliest round money was produced in the State of Wei, where the political and economic system was relatively advanced. Such as the face text "垣", "Gong" characters, etc. This form of coin is easier to carry than "cloth coin" and "knife coin", and it is also convenient to accept each other, which meets the needs of commodity exchange and development. Its appearance on the rise of coins has a new coinage system, which was imitated by various countries in the Warring States period. First, the Zhao and Qin states imitated casting, and then there were Qi guo and Yan guo imitation casting. So far, more than ten kinds of circular money have been found, and Lin and Lishiyuan qian belong to Zhao.
Warring States unification
"Yihua" round money belongs to the late Warring States currency, formerly known as a knife, the type system is small, the diameter of the money is about 20 mm, weighing 1.1 to 2.7 grams, has been used until the Western Han Dynasty. It was minted before and after the death of Yan in Qin (222 BC), and it is a subsidiary coin of the sword coin, that is, the knife is a positive coin, and the circle is a auxiliary coin, that is, the mother coin and the sub-coin. After the Fourth Ming Dynasty, the minted "One Transformation" new coins matched, and the Minghua was rare; after the "One-Hua" inheritance, the reduction was made to this end, and Yan also minted two coins of Zhengfu, which were connected with the Qi system. It can be seen from this that "Yihua" evolved from "Minghua" and became a major auxiliary coin in Yan coins.
The shape and style are closer to the small coins of the Qin and Han Dynasties, and the minted number and circulation are greater than the Minghua coins, and the flow to the Western Han Dynasty can still be parallel to the internal money such as half two and five baht. There are fewer shapes and lead casters in yihua money; lead yihua can be regarded as the earliest lead coin used in the mainland.
The Yan kingdom successively minted circulating sword coins, cloth coins, and round money, and the monetary system was complete and evolved in an orderly manner: knife cutting - sharp first knife - early, middle and late Ming knife - square foot cloth coin - Ming Si, Ming Hua, Yihua round money.
One
Currencies such as Zhao Guoyihua and Qi Guoyihua are the prototypes and ancestors of Chinese round square hole coins.
During the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, the old and new aristocratic lords alternated frequently, the free people class continued to grow, the exchange and circulation of commodities had transcended national borders, and commerce spread throughout the princely states. The high prosperity of commerce led to a surge in the demand for money, the primitive physical currency was gradually eliminated, and metal coinage began to appear in large quantities.
This Warring States seal book "Gong" character round money (see picture), 4.4 cm in diameter, rust has entered the bone. This coin was a supplementary coin of the Warring States period. The three kinds of round money of "Gong", "Gongtun Red Gold" and "Gongxiao Half a Kilogram" are all Wei currency and belong to the same local currency.
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