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The third season of the series of documentary "I Came from Puzhou"
In five minutes, tell the story of Yongji cultural relics in a foreign country
Sengoku "Fu Anti (蒲坂) 一釿" coin
(Now in Yuncheng Museum)
- The currency of the Central Bank of the Warring States
China is one of the first countries in the world to use currency, and its currency culture has a long history. In the later period of primitive society, with the further increase of surplus materials, the barter method could not meet people's daily needs, and it was urgent to choose an item as a medium of exchange.
The earliest item as the prototype of money is shells, sea shells themselves have ornamental properties, coupled with the texture is hard, small and light, easy to carry and calculate quantity, in the earliest exchange of goods was first selected as a medium of exchange, Chinese characters related to commercial circulation, value trading, and wealth manifestation, most of them are related to "shell". In the late Shang Dynasty, the mainland's bronze smelting technology was quite developed, and the artificial currency using copper as raw material opened a precedent for about 3,500 years of currency history on the mainland. During the Spring and Autumn Warring States period, the princes were divided, and the princely states and regions began to mint their own currency, gradually forming four major monetary systems based on the Zhao State shovel coin, the Qi State sword coin, the Qin State round money, and the Chu State ant-nose money.
The shape of the shovel coin simulates a common shovel-shaped agricultural tool called "plutonium" at that time, and the ancient sound is false with "cloth", so it is also called "cloth coin". Cloth coins are commonly found in Shanxi, Hebei, Henan and other places, roughly equivalent to the rule of the Spring and Autumn Jin State, during the Warring States period Han Zhao and Wei three families divided into Jin, Pusaka belonged to the Wei State, and followed the cloth currency as its currency form.
Early cloth coins retain the original form of shovels, the earliest empty head cloth coins retain the square hole cavity used by agricultural tools to install the handle, that is, "empty head", numismatics called "gong", to a large extent still maintain the characteristics of agricultural tools, and later in order to save the process and improve efficiency, gradually evolved to form more and more flat and thin, simulated plutonium shape casting of portable flat head cloth.
Yang Yipu, deputy director of the Yongji City Museum: The face of the flat cloth coin is generally cast with inscriptions, recorded with place names, weights, and value units, which is the earliest mint of value and weight in the mainland, mostly with "chisel" as the monetary unit, so it is also called "chisel cloth". "Chiseled cloth" is usually divided into large, medium and small three-medium shape system, according to the value of the currency, weight in order, there are "two chisels, one chisels, half chisels" three-class currency system. One chisel is about 15 grams today, which is equivalent to one or two Qin systems, and our "Pusaka Yichid" cloth belongs to one chisel. The large two-chisel cloth is about 6.5 cm long and weighs about 20 grams; the medium-sized one-chisel cloth is about 5.5 cm long and weighs about 14 grams; and the small semi-chisel cloth is 4 cm long and weighs about 6 grams.
The Wei state was the first of the Eastern Zhou states to carry out social reform, abolish the world secretary system, and enter the feudal system, and the rapid development of social productive forces promoted the prosperity of the Wei commodity economy and the prosperity of currency minting. The main currency of the Wei state in the early and middle Warring States period was Pingshou Bridge Zubu, and the names of the cities on the cloth coins included more than 100 counties including Jinyang, Anyi, Liishi, Lin, Pi, Pusaka, and Xiangping.
This Wei State Shoubu in the Yuncheng Museum, 5.6 cm long and 3.2 cm wide, copper spade-shaped, engraved with the words "Fu Anti Yi Chisel", "Fu Anti" is the common character for "Pusaka", that is, in the area of Yongji, Shanxi today, the "History" recorded: "The Yellow Emperor mined the copper of Shouyang Mountain and cast it under Jing Mountain", it can be known that since the end of the primitive society, copper mining and smelting in the Pusaka area has been quite mature. The clear text and conclusive place names of "Kasaka Ichichi" bear witness to a history of the development of Kasaka and also provide precious physical materials for the study of currency in the Warring States period.
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