Li bai
Known as a poetry fairy,
The name of his poem is really too big,
Instead, it obscured his calligraphic achievements.
▲Song Liang Kai's "Li Baixing Yintu"
"On the Balcony Post",
Li Bai's only surviving calligraphy,
It has made all the people of the past praise,
Chairman Mao was even more captivated.
First, let's enjoy the large plate of "On the Balcony Post"
Li Bai's poems are unrestrained and peculiar, imposing, and flowing, which is closely related to his belief in Taoism. Since childhood, Li Bai has been full of poetry and books, and the hundred families of the sons have all the eyes, especially the Taoist thought.
At the age of 20, Li Bai began to live in seclusion in Minshan to practice the Tao. At the age of 25, he left Shudi and met the Taoist priest Sima Chengzhen in Jiangling, and Sima Chengzhen and Li Bai saw each other as they were, praising Li Bai for having "xianfeng Dao bones".
This Sima Chengzhen is also very promising. He is the twelfth generation grandmaster of the Shangqing sect of Taoism, and calls himself Bai Yunzi, known as Mr. Baiyun.
His personal literary cultivation is extremely deep, and together with Chen Ziang, Lu Zangyong, Song Zhiqing, Wang Shi, Bi Zhuo, Li Bai, Meng Haoran, Wang Wei, and He Zhizhang, he Zhizhang are known as the "Ten Friends of Xianzong".
▲Balcony Palace
Sima Chengzhen was also deeply valued by Emperor Xuanzong of Tang. Emperor Xuanzong of Tang ordered him to establish a Taoist temple on Wangwu Mountain and inscribed a plaque. Sima Chengzhen painted a landscape mural in the balcony palace, which was 16 feet high and 95 feet long, and the cranes, clouds, mountains, and streams were presented one by one.
In the third year of Tianbao (744), Li Bai, Du Fu and Gao Shi visited the Balcony Palace of Wangwu Mountain. Li Bai wanted to visit Sima Chengzhen, and when he arrived at the balcony view, Fang knew that he had passed away and had no chance to see him again. I don't see his people, but I see his paintings, and I feel them and write four poems
"On the Balcony":
Mountains and rivers are long, and things are like thousands,
Unless there is an old pen, it is strong and poor.
Eighteenth, on the balcony book, too white.
People who know a little about calligraphy must have heard of Zhang Xu's name, with the reputation of "Grass Sage", Li Bai is a teacher of Zhang Xu, and the style is naturally that kind of indulgent and free-spirited school.
Because the Tang Dynasty is too far away from us, very few of Li Bai's ink treasures have survived, of which the "Upper Balcony Post" is the only authentic calligraphy that has been handed down.
For Li Baishu' self-chanting four words and deeds, the full text is only 24 words. 28.5cm in length and 38.1cm in width, the full text is: "Mountains and rivers are long, objects are like tens of millions, there is no old pen, clean and strong, poor, eighteen days on the balcony, too white." "Judging from the length of the pen and the shape of the font, it shows its heroic spirit and the sweet charm of pen and ink."
▲ The full text of "On the Balcony Post"
"On the Balcony" has a total of 25 words, and its book is vigorous and majestic and ethereal, with a pen indulgent and smooth, which is an excellent portrayal of "Li Bai's Tombstone" called it "SiGao Pen Yi".
Huang Tingjian, a great calligrapher of the Song Dynasty, commented on Li Bai's calligraphy:
And looking at his manuscripts, the big categories of his poems, Mi makes people want to be amazed. Bai is in the Kaiyuan and Zhide, not to be able to pass on the book, and now its behavior and grass do not reduce the ancients.
From this, it is known that Li Bai's calligraphy is very powerful, but it is covered up by his poetry.
There is also a unique place in this calligraphy, that is, the inscriptions of various famous artists.
The first is an emperor, the most accomplished emperor in Chinese history, Emperor Huizong of song, who, although he had a low evaluation as emperor, was recognized as a great literary hero. He inscribed the seven words "Tang Li Taibai on the balcony" in front of the post.
▲Song Huizong inscription
There is also a post after the post: "Taibai tastes the book of writings, rides on the moon, enters the restaurant in the west, does not feel that the characters have forgotten twice, and is outside the world, the words and paintings are flowing, the arrogance is majestic, and it is known that Bai is not particularly poetic." ”
These few words are worth thousands of gold, that is a thin gold body created by Zhao Yao. With Zhao Tuo's calligraphy and painting achievements, li bai's calligraphy is so highly respected, which shows that Li Bai's calligraphy is not ordinary.
▲ Song Huizong inscription
The following is the inscription of Zhang Yan, a famous collector of the Yuan Dynasty, although Zhang Yan is not very famous, but his father Zhang Wenqian must have heard of it, this is Kublai Khan's "Zhang Liang", Zhang Yan's own literary appreciation level is not high, from the cultural relics he has collected, it can be seen that Huai Su's "Fish Eating Post" and Yan Zhenqing's "Sacrifice Nephew Manuscript" have become his collections.
▲Zhang Yan once collected Yan Zhenqing's "Sacrifice Nephew Manuscript"
Zhang Yan said: "Who Immortal (Li Bai) Tastes the Clouds: Ou, Yu, Chu, Lu Zhenshu Nu'er. Self-righteousness flows out of the chest, and it is not possible to accumulate habits from others. Look at its fluttering state of clouds, higher than the dust and the wonder of things. After tasting the Jin and Tang Dynasty Fa Ti, and overlooking this book, I did not feel refreshing. ”
▲Zhang Yan inscription
Zhang Yan is a person who has seen many calligraphy masterpieces, and has such an evaluation of Li Bai's work, which shows that Li Bai's calligraphy is very powerful. His calligraphy is consistent with the exuberance and heroism of his personality, informal, and super-elegant.
Ouyang Xuan, a calligrapher of the Yuan Dynasty, after viewing this post by the poet Immortal Li Bai, inscribed a poem: "The Tang family prince Jinpao Immortal, literary style for six hundred years." There is no bright moon color on the roof beams, and the empty han ink clouds and smoke. ”
Ouyang Xuan was the Guozijian at that time, the Guozijian was the highest institution of learning and educational administrative institution at that time, and Ouyang Xuan was equivalent to the current president of the Central Party School and the minister of education, and his evaluation can be described as having high reference value.
▲Ouyang Xuan inscription
Finally, it was the Qianlong inscription of the Qing Dynasty "Qinglian Yihan" four characters, yes, it was him again, how can this kind of "bustling" place be less than this emperor.
These four words, but greatly destroyed the beauty of Li Bai's works, the noise does not say, the font style is too far from the original text, but here Xiaobian had to say a word to Qianlong, although this literary talent is not high, but do not deny that he has a heart that loves literature, as for the "graffiti" on the work, who let the family be the emperor, a command, Mo Bao to hand.
▲Qianlong inscription
During the Song Dynasty's Xuanhe period, the "Shangtai Thesis" was confiscated into the Inner Province, that is, at the end of the Song Dynasty, Quan Xiangjia seemed to have obtained this ink treasure, and in the Yuan Dynasty, Zhang Yan was hidden in the Xiangyuan FentianLai Pavilion, and during the Qing Dynasty, it was collected by An Qi, and later into the hands of the Qianlong Emperor and was included in the Ministry of Internal Affairs.
▲ "On the balcony post" part
Later, Puyi took him out of the palace and fell into the hands of the antique merchant Guo Baochang in the chaos of soldiers and horses. In 1937, in order to keep the national treasure from flowing out of the country, Mr. Zhang Boju, a generation of celebrities, bought it for 60,000 silver dollars.
This one of the four princes of the Republic of China has the name of "not knowing Zhang Boju, and walking through the Forbidden City is also in vain", and nearly half of the top calligraphy and paintings of the Palace Museum are donated by Zhang Boju.
Because Mr. Zhang Boju greatly respected Comrade Mao Zedong, in 1956 he presented the "Post on the Balcony" to Mao Zedong through Xu Bing, the minister of united front work, and attached a letter.
The letter reads: "Li Bai's only surviving calligraphy inkblot "Shangtai Post" is presented to Mao Zedong for viewing only..." Mao Zedong's calligraphy attainment is also extremely high, and when he first saw his preference for "Shangtai Post", he repeatedly enjoyed and played with it and loved it.
▲ "The world's first Tibet" Zhang Boju and his wife Pan Su
In 1958, Chairman Mao laid down the rule that all gifts received by party and state leaders should be paid to the public. So I took the initiative to transfer this "Upper Balcony Post" to the Palace Museum for collection, and it is still intact.
▲ "Upper Balcony Post" was exhibited in the Forbidden City
Whether the "Upper Balcony Post" is an authentic handwriting was also controversial at the time, and the editor believes that this post has a Li Bai inscription, an inscription that Song Huizong personally appreciates, an inscription, and is consistent with Li Bai's heroic style, and is identified as Li Bai's authentic handwriting.
The reason why "On the Balcony Post" is so precious is that we do not need to tout too much, whether it is an inscriptionist or a collector, it is already the best witness of this "national treasure".
In addition to the "Shangtai Post", there is also a "Mocking King Liyang Refuses to Drink" that is rumored to be Li Bai's second surviving calligraphy.
For the calligraphy level of this post, most netizens believe that it is very different from Li Bai's "Balcony Post", and it is definitely not from Li Bai's handwriting.
The drop of the "Li Bai" handwriting
This poem was written in the twelfth year of Tianbao, when it was a time of heavy snowfall, and the county priest set up a banquet to entertain Li Bai, and Li Bai wrote a poem in the table:
"Mocking The King Liyang Refuses to Drink"
The ground is white and the wind is cold, and the snowflakes are as big as hands.
Laugh and kill Tao Yuanming, do not drink the wine in the cup.
Wave stroke a piano, plant five willows.
Empty negative headscarf, I have no.
It is reported that the "Mocking King Liyang Refuses to Drink" is 26.4 cm in length and 67 cm in width, and the total post is 50 words.
Originating from the video and network of calligraphy newspapers, the copyright of the picture and text belongs to the original author
Minglun College - "Top Ten Chinese Studies Educational Institutions in China"