Jia Zheng, Zi Cun Zhou, Jia Mu's favorite second son, the head of the Rong Guofu family, is the father of Jia Baoyu, the protagonist of "Dream of the Red Chamber", whether it is from his identity or relationship with the main characters, his status is extremely important.
"Confucianism"
As a traditional idea of the mainland, for thousands of years, the ideas advocated by it have had a profound impact on the development of the Chinese nation and have influenced generations of scholars.
From the perspective of Jia Zheng's character image, he is very important in the book. Although "Dream of the Red Chamber" is mostly inked on many women, it is a realist masterpiece in itself, so it still constructs a realistic environment.
It truly describes an imperial autocratic society under the patriarchal system of monarchy, and Jia Zheng is the core figure in this monarchical patriarchal system, because Jia Fu is the epitome of the entire society at that time, so Jia Zheng is undoubtedly a positive spokesman for Jia Fu and even the society at that time.
Jia Zheng was educated by Jia's mother from an early age, familiar with the Four Books and Five Classics, and taught to be polite and righteous, and the influence of traditional Chinese culture on it is very obvious.
In his ideological concepts, he has accumulated a thick Confucian culture of values and moral sentiments. By analyzing Jia Zheng's words and deeds in "Dream of the Red Chamber", it can reflect the Confucian concept he practiced.
And what are the specific aspects of Jia Zheng's Confucian view?
First, the sage sentiment of the loyal king
In China's traditional feudal society, the monarchy had absolute power. Under the enlightenment of Confucianism, the world is guided to be sages.
The so-called sages are those who are loyal to the king and patriotic, who are courteous, righteous, and honest, and who can contribute to the national community.
And Jia Zheng has been trying to move towards this path.
1. Be loyal to the king
In the eighteenth time of "Dream of the Red Chamber"
"Parents of Imperial Concubine Chongyuan Province"
What Zhongjia Zheng said is the best embodiment. Jia Zhengyue:
"And now the great virtue of the creatures of the heavens and the earth, and the grace of the ancient and modern times, although the liver and brain are destroyed, how can the courtiers be rewarded in case?"
But if you are diligent and prudent and loyal to your duties, may I live a long life and a thousand years, and I am the same blessing of all the people under the heavens." Jia Zheng's loyalty is vividly expressed through this passage he said, and he is only loyal.
2. Be loyal to your duties
The Analects of the Eight Noble Passages records that the king's envoys are courteous, and the subjects are loyal.
Confucius believed that to take the monarch's feng lu is to worry about the monarch, attach importance to the people's livelihood, care for the people, and do his best for the monarch, and Jia Zheng has always practiced his path of loyalty to the monarch.
In his political career, Jia Zheng held positions such as Langzhong of the Ministry of Works and Jiangxi Grain Road, and was also sent to the province to supervise the study of politics.
During his tenure he has been conscientious and conscientious, once
"The area around Henan broke the embankment and flooded several prefectures and counties"
From October to winter, Jia Zheng worked overtime every day, often in the yamen, and did not even return home. It can be seen that Jia Zheng has truly achieved loyalty to the king.
He expressed his loyalty to the monarch with his own practical actions, and in the society of that time, it was his requirement to join the army, and he demanded that he be a true sage, as advocated by Confucianism.
Second, the concept of family ethics
From ancient times to the present, people attach great importance to the family. The family ethics advocated in Confucianism is
"Husband and wife", "Father's kindness and filial piety", "Brotherhood and Brotherhood"
。 In "Dream of the Red Chamber", Jia Zheng is a loyal observer.
1. Filial piety to the mother
As the saying goes, "Filial piety comes first". Filial piety is an important idea advocated by Confucianism, Confucius said: "It is the benevolence of the people who are like the things of the heavens, and the things of the heavens are like the relatives of the things, which is called filial piety."
This means that the benevolent man serves his parents as he serves heaven, and serves heaven as he serves his parents, which is what is called filial piety to himself.
Moreover, filial piety is not followed by etiquette, there must be a protocol of etiquette, and it is not filial piety to act according to etiquette.
Jia Zheng appears in "Dream of the Red Chamber" as a full filial piety, and "respects" Jia Mu from the heart, which is a kind of heartfelt and complete reverence for ethics and morality, not just reflected in "offering".
In front of his mother, Jia Zheng was gentle and courteous, listening to his mother's words and paying attention to everything he asked. Once because his son Jia Baoyu disobeyed him and beat him badly, Jia Mother was extremely unhappy because she loved her grandson very much, and Jia Zheng did not dare to say much in front of Jia Mother, blaming herself for her poor education, and bitterly begging for confession.
In the filial piety derived from Confucianism, mourning is a continuation of filial piety. After Jia Mu's death, Jia Zheng observed the funeral for three years in accordance with his sincerity and respect, and all activities were exempted and he resigned from office and stayed at home. Early in the morning of the funeral,
"At the beginning of the chen, Jia Zhengju was long, weeping, and fulfilling the courtesy of filial piety"
。
During the period of mourning at home, the funeral is strictly observed in accordance with the etiquette of the parents' death. Talking to people who came was just sitting on the ground in coarse clothes and linen.
2. "Jackie Chan"
Jia Zheng, as the head of the Rongguo Mansion, bears the rise and fall of the family's honor and disgrace. For the future development of Rong Guofu, it is something that Jia Zheng has been worried about.
Therefore, he is also very strict with his son Jia Baoyu, hoping that his son will embark on a career path in the future and continue the development of the family. Jia Zheng often urged his son Baoyu to study diligently, work harder, read more of the Four Books and Five Classics, and be self-motivated.
Although the image that Jia Zheng gave to Baoyu in ordinary times is the image of a strict father, it is in this severity that a father's ardent expectations for his children and his concern for the fate of the family are displayed.
Third, the practitioner of "benevolence"
Ren, as the core of Confucianism, is the sum of all good moral cultivation and noble qualities. Confucius asked people to pay attention to "benevolence", benevolence can make people reach a very high level, and at the same time character is more important than a person's ability.
Politics is moral
Confucianism advocates that the governance of the people should be served by virtue, and should not be punished by law or punishment. Confucius thought
"For the sake of government and morality"
。 The first thing to pay attention to as an official is his own virtue.
A prominent feature of Confucian culture is the emphasis on people's moral cultivation, especially the pursuit of the so-called scholar class
"Self-cultivation, family unity, governance, peace in the world"
Perfect personality. As an official of the imperial court, Jia Zheng attached great importance to his own qualities in this regard.
Jia Zheng was honest and honest as an official, clean and self-righteous, and did not accept bribes when he was an official in other places. Jia Zheng went to Jiangxi as a grain road
"Then he inspected the grain and rice warehouses of the prefectures and counties... He consulted with the guests and showed that it was strictly forbidden."
to prevent the recurrence of these drawbacks of harvesting grain and rice and extorting villagers in the prefecture and county.
And exhortations
"Once found, it must be detailed in the disclosure"
, just want to be a good official.
Fourth, the value concept of "reading and entering the world"
Becoming a scholar and official through studying can be said to be an important Chinese cultural tradition formed since the Han Dynasty, the first choice for obtaining meritorious names, and the basic way to enhance the status of the family.
The goal of Confucian training is not simply to teach cultural knowledge, but to cultivate people who can engage in politics and assist monarchs or princes, that is to say, to cultivate talents for governing the country and ensuring state security.
Confucianism is not opposed to the pursuit of Guanlu, but the goal of pursuing Guanlu is to "practice benevolent government and benefit the people."
Parenting philosophy
Jia Zheng has always adhered
"Learning and Excellence"
And that's what he did. And after the death of his eldest son Jia Zhu, he put all his expectations on Bao Yu's body.
Bao Yu has always been required to read the Four Books and Five Classics, study diligently, and take the road of career, so that he can seek official positions in the future, so as to continue the possibility of the continuation and prosperity of Jia Province, add color to rongguo mansion, and add glory to the ancestors.
Jia Zheng once said to Bao Yu: "It is most important to first explain the Four Books in one go." He specifically took time to test what Bao Yu usually learned.
In addition, Jia Zheng has extremely high and strict requirements for Baoyu in terms of character and moral cultivation, and he has become an adult before establishing a career, and he has a lot of education in Bao Yu's ideology and morality.
Fifth, adhere to the Confucian principle of "the middle way"
As an important part of Confucianism, the way of moderation, Confucius considered it to be the highest virtue, and it told people that everything has a degree.
It is necessary to grasp the right balance, fully understand and consider many aspects of the development of things, and should not be biased towards any of them, so that all aspects can reach a balance. The main purpose of moderation is the cultivation of human nature, especially when dealing with interpersonal relationships.
Well done
In terms of daily life, Jia Zheng is very thorough, and he is also very smooth in handling interpersonal relationships. Once Lin Amber invited him to dinner, it was not a big deal, but he got a few new plays, invited Jia Zheng to go forward, and when Jia Pardon asked:
"Will Second Master Ming'er go?" Jia Zheng said: "Admit his affection, how can I not go?"
Later, Jia Zheng just happened to have no time to split up in the county, so he asked his son Baoyu to go to the banquet on his behalf, which shows that Jia Zheng is more thorough.
Not knowledgeable about the world
Jia Zheng was deeply indoctrinated by Confucian culture, and under the influence of Confucian culture for many years, compared with other people in society at that time, he was extremely good, with good character, integrity for officials, help in need, and courtesy for corporals.
But he did not understand the world, could not restrain the people around him, although he strictly followed the etiquette, but the people around him pulled him into the bottomless abyss.
In the outside world, his men were corrupt and perverted the law, which made his reputation very bad. Although he often put forward strict requirements for his own family members, he never completely rectified the family, and was involved by Jia Lian and others in the family, which eventually led to Jia Fu raiding the family.
Jia Zheng is a person deeply influenced by Confucianism, he always practices Confucianism, but at the same time it has limitations and brings tragedy to himself.
epilogue
Jia Zheng's personality is truly and three-dimensionally reflected in "Dream of the Red Chamber", reflecting the true characteristics of growing up in a certain environment.
He is not only a traditional father, but also achieved a certain transcendence; he is both a traditional scholar and a multi-faceted character; at the same time, he also contains a strong tragic connotation, reflecting a certain contradiction in The existence of Confucianism itself, bringing people deep thinking.
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