"Aging before aging" or "crane hair and childlike face", these long-standing idioms have reflected the difference in the aging rate of different individuals on the track of aging, and your actual age (+1 age per year on the ID card) and physiological age (the real reference to the body's aging) may be far from the same.
Not only that, as far as a single individual is concerned, in the marathon of life, the "pace" of different organizations of the organism is not the same. On March 8, the authoritative journal Cell Reports published a blockbuster study in which scholars from China, Singapore, and Russia clearly pointed out that there are differences in the aging rate of different organs and systems in the human body based on multi-omics data analysis, and there are multiple "clocks" in the body to jointly regulate the aging process [1].
This study is a breakthrough result of a number of scholars in the field of aging at home and abroad, and professor Han Jingdong of Peking University, the founder of the "new physiological age clock", and Brian Kennedy, a national anti-aging teacher in Singapore, are listed in the list of authors.
When time sent to follow up on the extranet to report on this study,
Interact with the author, Professor Kennedy
multi-clock regulation,
The pace of organ aging is uneven
In order to accurately assess the rate of multi-organ and systemic aging in the body, the researchers recruited a considerable number of subjects (4066 volunteers aged 20-45, including 48% of men), and collected their blood, stool samples, as well as facial skin images and physical fitness examination data from "inside" to "outside" to carry out multi-omics comprehensive analysis.
In this supreme-level "physical examination package", a total of 403 characteristics of the subjects were included in the later analysis, covering the metabolome, immune system, gut microbiome, facial skin and other aspects. Seeing this, the author can't help but regret that he was not able to participate in this "physical examination", and even more heard the sound of beeping and burning funds...
The above hundreds of characteristic values ultimately reflect the aging status of the human kidneys, livers, cardiovascular, immune, intestinal and other nine major organ classes or systems.
Note: The characteristics of multi-omics data obtained by comprehensive acquisition and analysis are divided into nine types of organs or system-related
Through algorithm analysis, scholars found that the aging rate of different organs and systems is significantly different, in the nine categories studied, the cardiovascular system age and the actual age of the human body are the strongest correlation, with the increase in age significantly; and the digestive system represented by the gut microbiome is "the most old", whether it is data correlation, or the magnitude of change, its physiological age is not affected by the growing actual age.
Note: Relationship between biological age and chronological age of different organs or systems
This also shows that most of the different parts of our body have their own "clocks", which can walk relatively independently on the road of aging according to their own rhythm.
Note: Multi-organ or system physiological age clock
But at the same time, as a complete organism, we must also be interconnected between organs and systems. Taking the kidneys as an example, the results show that they have a strong correlation with sex hormones, gut microbes, and immune system health, among which the physiological age of the kidneys is negatively correlated with the aging rate of the intestinal microbiome, and the good intestinal flora avoids the accumulation of harmful metabolites in the kidneys [2-3], which is also the secret of the long-lived elderly speculated in many previous reports [4-5].
Note: Correlation between the different organs of the body and the physiological age of the system
Predict the occurrence of disease and the length of life,
The physiological clock has a bright future
Under the skin sac, organs and systems are always pinching their own "time" to gradually age, and can the operating laws behind these "clocks" help humans predict aging-related diseases and intervene as soon as possible?
In order to answer the above questions, the researchers selected the most common disease in the sample, "non-alcoholic fatty liver", and were surprised to find that the aging rate of the liver was closely related to the incidence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and the disease process! The physiological age clock can be called the "mirror of the disease", helping us to "cure the disease without treating the disease", and to the end, so that the disease has nowhere to hide.
Note: Liver physiological age clocks are used to predict the incidence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease as well as disease progression
What is even more exciting is that the "practicality" of the physiological age clock of multiple organs and systems is far more than this, with the genetic information obtained by GWAS (genome-wide correlation analysis) (a total of 7236472 common single nucleotide polymorphisms), scholars have finally found that the physiological age clock of the skin, nutrient metabolism, liver, sex hormones, physical fitness and cardiovascular system can significantly predict the body's life expectancy, and successfully achieve "self-knowledge".
Note: The physiological age clock of organs and systems can be used to predict the length of individual life
When the samples were replaced, the 1999-2012 National Health and Nutrition Survey (NHANES) dataset, the multi-organ and systemic chronological age clock continued to show good results in predicting mortality in the population.
Note: The mortality rate of a sample in NHANES data was predicted using a physiological age clock
Multiple signal control pathways were discovered,
The future can be expected
In addition to the attractive "practical value" of predicting disease and lifespan, in this trial, multiple signaling pathways, including NER, p53, and VEGF, were also found to be significantly related to aging in multiple organs and systems, such as the NER (nucleotide excision repair) pathway was obviously monitored in the five physiological age clocks, and the timely repair and stability of DNA was essential for delaying the aging process [6-7].
What is particularly striking is that in the cardiovascular system, which is known as the "vanguard" of human health, there are nearly ten pathways (within the red box in the upper right) that are highly correlated with their aging status. In the future, whether it is the in-depth exploration of these signal pathways, or the subsequent development of related targeted drugs, it will be of great significance to promote healthy aging of human beings.
Note: Multi-organ and system physiological age clock associated signaling pathway analysis
Time Pie reviews
Two years ago, the time school editorial department also reported a study published in the authoritative journal Nature Medicine, at that time, the new concept of "different types of aging" gradually entered the field of vision, and today, another Chinese and foreign strength scholars gathered to join the blockbuster research, once again confirmed that "different organs, different systems at different rates of aging" This scientific problem, anti-aging era 2.0 - multi-dimensional, accurate anti-aging has arrived.
According to the researchers, in the next step, they will also promote the exploration of single cells at a more microscopic level, and try to include more sample data, develop from "correlation" to "causality" as soon as possible (Note: causality is more than correlation to guide the practical application of anti-aging), layer by layer analysis, direct to the root of aging.
—— TIMEPIE ——
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