introduction
"Ji Gu Lu": "This so-called Ji Ling Palace person, he has no books, but he can see this stele." Then the yu of the set of steel is not useless. ”
In the history of China, it is difficult to find out who was the first archaeologist or tomb robber, but we can know who was the pioneer and innovator of ancient archaeology, he was the famous song dynasty literary scholar Ouyang Xiu. Epigraphy, which began to rise during the Song Dynasty, is the predecessor of modern archaeology, and it is precisely because the ancients have accumulated rich experience for us that the archaeological work of modern times can progress so smoothly.
Archaeological work requires caution
Although ancient and modern are two incomparable periods, and archaeological tools are completely different, there are certain similarities in general, for example, in the "Golden Stone Record", it is stipulated that ancient cultural relics should be protected when excavated, and they cannot be rushed out, otherwise they will cause damage to cultural relics. However, in modern times, there is a tragedy in the archaeological community, in 1956, the famous Chinese literary artist Guo Moruo excavated the Ming Ding Mausoleum, due to the bare hands on the site to take cultural relics, resulting in most of the destruction of more than 3,000 cultural relics.
Mr. Guo Moruo believes that we are all familiar with it, and is a famous writer, historian and archaeologist in Chinese history. After the founding of New China, the state's attitude towards archaeological work is both important and cautious, after all, most of these ancient imperial tombs contain very many precious cultural relics, which is of great significance to the study of ancient Chinese history. At the strong request of Wu Han, then mayor of Beijing, the Changling Archaeological Excavation Team was formally established and prepared to carry out excavation work.
Changling is the head of the Ming Dynasty's Thirteen Tombs, that is, the mausoleum of Ming Chengzu Zhu Di, and it is conceivable that if this mausoleum can be excavated, how many precious secrets will be hidden inside. However, due to the limited technical conditions, coupled with the very perfect protection of Changling, the excavation team did not find a suitable place to dig down, just when everyone was at a loss, a good news came over, that is, the Mingding Tomb can be easily dug in.
In 1956, Guo Moruo excavated the Ming Ding Mausoleum. The whole excavation work was relatively smooth, it took only one year to successfully dig into the interior of the underground palace, and then a very unpleasant smell was emitted, and it is conceivable that this mausoleum has not been stolen for so many years, so the smell will be so strong.
Lack of experience led to archaeological accidents
After letting the air circulate for a few days, the crowd once again marched inside, and after entering the interior of the tomb, a large number of funerary items and the emperor's corpse were displayed in front of everyone's eyes, which was a celebration, but the tragedy appeared at this time. Due to the lack of archaeological experience and insufficient countermeasures, after the underground palace was opened, a large number of precious calligraphy and paintings were carbonized due to oxidation, and those precious silk fabrics became fragments.
There are also some team members who lack archaeological experience, because they take cultural relics with bare hands, which eventually leads to the destruction of most of the more than 3,000 cultural relics inside the tomb, and only a small part is taken out intact. The first half of this archaeological research can be described as smooth sailing, not only found the location of the underground palace, but also caused no damage along the way, but the second half is a literal tragedy, because it is not fully prepared to deal with it, resulting in serious damage to internal cultural relics, and it is precisely because of this that our country attaches more importance to archaeological work and resolutely does not let the tragedy occur again.
epilogue
It is inevitable that we will always experience failure on the road to success, and only by learning these lessons can we go further and taste the joy of success. This time the archaeological failure is to pave the way for the success of the next time, I believe we will master more advanced technology and explore the secrets of ancient imperial tombs in a more perfect way.
Reference: The Golden Stone