Bei'an and Heihe suppress bandits
Baichengzi is the seat of the Liaobei Provincial Party Committee and the Liaobei Military Region.
On May 28th, Deng Hua and I had just arrived, and Huang Kecheng also took a train from Qiqihar to Baichengzi.
Huang Kecheng said to us: "You have worked hard, and thank you for holding Chiang Kai-shek's 10 divisions in Siping for more than a month, and for buying us time to establish a base area and transform the old regime."
I said, "Haven't seen each other in months, you're fine." ”
Huang Kecheng said: "It is very good that the work in Western Manchuria has also been given a clue, and the masses are being mobilized to establish political power."
"How did you come to Baichengzi?''
"Come and welcome you."
"How can I stand it?" I think, Huang Kecheng came, probably I have a new task.
Huang Kecheng said: "The Northeast Bureau decided to let you go to Heihe immediately to suppress the bandits Now the situation in Heihe is very urgent, and Wang Su, secretary of our central county party committee, was ambushed and sacrificed by bandits, so it was decided to let you go immediately."
I said, "My superiors have orders, so I'll go right away."
He said: "After Jiang Stubbornly occupied Siping, he was arrogant. The areas of Bei'an, Heihe, Nenjiang, and Mudanjiang are our rear areas, and now bandits are swarming up to endanger the safety of our rear base areas, and we must make the worst possible plans to give up Harbin and Qiqihar, so Bei'an and Heihe are our last base areas. Having a reliable rear is strategic. You have to hurry up and go. ”
"When to go?"
"Tonight."
Tao Zhu smiled and said, "He just came down from the Siping front, at least let him rest for one night before leaving, you see he is very tired, and we have to express it."
Huang Kecheng gave in.
In the evening, Tao Zhu Rang killed a chicken and invited our guests. I stayed one night in Baichengzi
On the 29th, I took a train with Huang Kecheng to Qiqihar, the seat of the Western Manchuria Military Region
Comrade Li Fuchun, secretary of the West Manchuria Sub-bureau, talked to me. He had just returned from a meeting of the Northeast Bureau, which had made a decision on the work of suppressing bandits.
Fuchun said, "You have just come down from the Siping front and should have rested for a few days, but the Heihe River is urgent, the bandits are rampant, and the threat to us is too great, and the new troops cannot solve the problem." The cadres we sent killed a lot, so it was decided that you would go. The commander of the Heilongjiang Military Region is Ye Changgeng, and the Northeast Bureau decided that you should serve as the commander, and Ye Changgeng was changed to deputy commander."
"Which unit do I take with me?'"
"Are you familiar with the troops of the 1st Special Agent Regiment and the 3rd Division?"
"Okay, then I'll go right away."
Fuchun said: "You go to Bei'an first, and the 1st Secret Service Regiment departs from Buyeo at the same time." The cavalry company of the 1st Special Agent Regiment is waiting for you in Bei'an. The cavalry company had grenadiers and more than 10 machine guns. ”
I said, "That's it."
Fuchun said: "If there are not enough troops, we can also bring the 2nd and 3rd regiments of secret agents with us."
I said, "No, it's enough to have a special agent 1 regiment, I don't believe the bandits are that powerful."
This time, the two leaders, Fuchun and Kecheng, mainly talked about the situation in the northeast. They said: Chiang Kai-shek's army is advancing north along the Middle East Road, and our Party is ready to abandon Harbin and other big cities, and Qiqihar is also ready to give up if necessary. Our Party's present task in the northeast is to establish base areas and consolidate military and political base areas in Eastern Manchuria, Northern Manchuria, Western Manchuria and Southern Manchuria
Finally, Fuchun said to me, "You have experience in suppressing bandits in the Tongliao area, so the Northeast Bureau decided to let you go." The task of suppressing bandits is very important, and we must divide the field army and the local army. It is necessary to establish military districts and military sub-districts. The commander of the Mudanjiang Military Region is Fang Qiang, the commander of the Nenjiang Military Region is Ni Zhiliang, and the Heilongjiang Military Region is you who want to concentrate your forces and forces to eliminate bandits, establish political power, and organize local armed forces, militias, and self-defense forces to stabilize the rear and crush the Kuomintang offensive. I believe that you will be able to complete the task successfully."
I stayed in Qiqihar for two nights
On June 1, I took a train to Bei'an, and Mao Hefa, deputy commander of the 1st Special Agent Regiment, was already waiting for me in Bei'an with a cavalry company. Huang Kecheng sent Yang Xuliang and Yu Jianwen, staff officers of the 3rd Division Headquarters, to Bei'an to participate in the work of suppressing bandits Bei'an was the capital of Heilongjiang Province at that time. The Heilongjiang Provincial CPC Committee, the provincial government, and the provincial military district are all stationed in Beigang, Bei'an. The Northeast Military and Political University is stationed in Dongdaying. Railway traffic included Harbin to Bei'an, Qiqihar to Bei'an, and Bei'an to Heihe (which had been destroyed by the Soviet Red Army at that time) when a Japanese army was stationed in Bei'an. After arriving in Bei'an, I met with Wang Heshou, secretary of the provincial party committee, Fan Shiren, governor of the province, Ye Changgeng, former commander of the military region, and other leaders. They briefed me on the people's conditions, social conditions, and banditry in Heilongjiang Province, as well as the situation of armed forces in our locality, and discussed together the deployment and logistical support of the anti-bandit troops. Later, I went to the headquarters of the military region to meet with the cadres of the organs and discussed the task of suppressing bandits in Heilongjiang. Then, I went to the Heihe area, where the banditry was serious, and the task of suppressing bandits in other areas was still under the responsibility of Deputy Commander Ye.
I brought a radio station and organized a temporary command post. The troops participating in the suppression of the bandits were: the 1st Regiment of Special Agents of the 3rd Division, the main force, led by Commander Zheng Guiqing, Political Commissar Huang Lihua, and Deputy Regiment Commander Mao Hefa; 1st Guard Brigade of Heilongjiang Military Region at Heihe. The regiment and a part of the cavalry unit were commanded by Brigade Commander Liao Zhongfu and Commander Li Xing, and there were hundreds of bandits in the Heihe area, which could be said to be full of bandits, and commanders were like cattle feathers. Why are there so many bandits here? Mainly after the Soviet Red Army entered the northeast and the puppet state of Manchukuo disintegrated, the Kuomintang used propaganda tools and underground organizations to organize the puppet army, the puppet police, and the puppet special forces, and formally appointed the title. The second situation is that quite a large number of laborers were captured during the Japanese period, and after Japan surrendered, they became displaced people, rabble-rousers, entangled together, took the opportunity to snatch guns, and went up the mountain as bandits. The third situation is habitual banditry, which was a bandit in Japan. There is also a case in which the masses spontaneously organize themselves to defend their property and homeland. The focus of our crackdown on the bandits is the so-called official beard, that is, the bandits with political backgrounds, who are the most important bandits in this area who served Chiang Kai-shek's occupation of the northeast, named Liu Shandong, who is the commander of the 6th Brigade of the Kuomintang Mixed Brigade, who is organized in the areas of Sunke (Qike), Huma, and Sun Wu, as well as other Kuomintang agents Guan Zuozhou (also known as the commander of the Heihe Region Security), and is active in the Area of Heihe Daling and Nenjiang, and the 8th Brigade of the Kuomintang is headed by Kang Chonggang Gong Zhang Mingjiu, about 400 to 500 people, and is also active in the Sun Wu area. In addition, there are Zhang Bojun, Yang Qingshan, Jin Da Ma Wan, Black Tiger, Lao Paoshan, Li Yunhe, and other large and small bandits, who often attack and harass us in Huma, Huanhua, Sun Wu, and other places, and are very harmful to our democratic regime.
When Comrade Wang Su, secretary of the Heihe Prefectural CPC Committee and commander of the military sub-district, went back to Bei'an after the meeting, Comrade Liu Guanglie, who had been assigned to Heihe by the province as director of the political department of the Heihe Military Sub-district, and his lover Wang Yan, were in a car near the Guanzidong when they were suddenly attacked by the enemy, and 3 people died heroically.
In the area of Sun Wu and Sunke, in the past, the Japanese Kwantung Army built many reinforced concrete fortifications, dug many caves, and stored a large number of military materials in order to deal with the Soviet Union's Red Chapter IV Northeast Battlefield. After the Japanese surrendered, the weapons thrown down were everywhere. These bandits collect these weapons and military supplies, equip themselves with good weapons, sufficient ammunition, coupled with familiarity with the terrain, raiding everywhere, rampant for a while We take three means: that is, to give the bandits a annihilating military strike with the main force; Mobilizing the families of bandits to work on political disintegration; Mobilize the masses, establish people's power, and establish local militia organizations. How to completely eliminate the bandits? Our research has determined a criterion: First, the number of bandits must be implemented, and the number of dead, wounded, captives, and surrenders must be accurate. Second, whether the bandit leader is killed, injured or arrested must be implemented. Third, the bandit liaison station must be destroyed, and the bottom line must be dug up. We have implemented a system of contracting cadres, completing tasks within a time limit, and which group of bandits, which area, which unit will fight, and who is responsible for commanding, are clearly demarcated. If you don't complete the task, you can't collect the troops. Considering that when our army advances northward, the bandits may flee to the Nenjiang side, and ask the Nenjiang and Nahe sides to pay attention to blocking and intercepting After studying the plan, I sent Yang Xuliang to Qiqihar with the plan to report to Commander Huang Kecheng and ask for instructions. Commander Huang replied, agreed with my opinion, and relayed to me: "We must pay attention to mastering the policy, especially to correctly treat the ethnic minority Qilin people (Orunchun people), because they hunt for a living, wear animal skins, eat animal meat, and exchange mountain fowl and animal skins for grain with han chinese. Some of them were used by bandits, which was to be treated differently from bandits. ”
I set out from Bei'an with a cavalry company, first to Sun Wu, and together with the leaders of Sun Wu County, I studied the bandit situation and the main force of the 1st Regiment of Special Agents deployed by our army to suppress fffi set off from Keshan, and also arrived at Sun Wu through Dedu and Longzhen. Then we decided to fight the three enemies first. Sunke is Liu Shandong's old lair. After arriving at Sun Wu, the 1.2 Battalion led by the commander of the 1st Regiment of Special Agents, the political commissar, and the regiment's direct subordinate team first attacked the bandits in Sunke County, and when they arrived in Qike County, they did not encounter bandits. At dusk, the troops were cooking, and Liu Shandong ran to the mountain behind Sun Wu with bandits and hit us with mortars across the river from the top of the mountain. I studied the battle situation with Zheng Guiqing and decided to use 1 battalion to attack from the front, and 1 battalion to move back across the Sun River back to the mountain and surround the earth leeks on the mountain After the order was issued, our troops took advantage of the dark night to step on the snow and secretly approach the bandits from the woods. The bandits heard a noise in the woods, turned their heads to see that our army had cut their back road, panicked, dropped their weapons and fled in all directions. Our army captured 4 mortars and 4 heavy machine guns.
The next day, the regimental commander took the 1st and 2nd battalions to fight the bandits in Pine Grove, and I took the 3rd battalion to fight the bandits in Sunk. Liu Shandong heard the news and ran without a trace. The troops camped in Songshugou for one night, and the next day set out to pursue, walked to a mountain pass, and suddenly encountered more than 2,000 bandits in Liu Shandong. The bandits shouted on the hillside: "Shoot and don't kill, catch alive!" When our troops saw that the terrain was very unfavorable to me, they were in a hurry, put their guns in place, and shouted, "Come down and get them!"
At this time, the bandits rushed down the hillside. When most of the enemy reached the bottom of the ditch, our troops suddenly opened fire with light and heavy machine guns, and the bandits were immediately swept to pieces, and the rest turned around and fled for their lives. After our army rushed to the mountain, it captured more than 200 bandits, captured more than 400 warhorses, and fought another victorious battle.
After receiving these two blows, the bandits in Shandong liu flowed in the direction of the Mudanjiang River, and then occupied the county seat of Luobei and destroyed our local armed forces. On the Hejiang side, Fang Qiang was in charge, and Fang Qiang immediately organized troops to encircle and block. Liu Shandong could not stand anywhere and returned to the Sun Wu area with more than 2,000 bandits. Our troops converged at Chik and rested for a few days, preparing to attack from Sun Wu to the Heihe River. The troops divided into several routes and carried out a broad front-facing encirclement and suppression of the Heihe River. I took a car and rowed up the Heilongjiang River, and arrived at the Heihe River on the same day.
We decided to hold a bandit oath meeting in Heihe.
The area around Heihe used to be the front line of the Japanese Kwantung Army, with jurisdiction over 11 prefectures and more than 140,000 people. After I arrived in Heihe, the central county party committee was changed to a prefectural party committee, and I was also the secretary of the prefectural party committee. In Heihe, we held a grand military-civilian party. After the party, the military and civilians marched more than 2,000 people from the 1st Regiment of Special Agents, with excellent equipment, including heavy machine gun companies, mortar companies, light machine gun companies, cavalry companies, and one machine gun per squad of infantry companies.
They crossed the streets with full armed arms, flaunting their might, warning the bandits of all walks of life that if they did not lay down their weapons, they would carry out a severe military strike. At the same time, it is publicized that our army's policy of giving preferential treatment to those who lay down their arms; Rewards for those who surrender their guns This meeting has been held very well, showing strength, educating the masses, and deterring bandits.
I and the 1st Special Agent Regiment went north along the Heilongjiang River and hit the county seat of Huma County, where a people's government was established, and Comrade Yu Jianwen was the first county magistrate, and then we sent troops to pursue the stubborn bandits to Mohe, which is the northernmost town on the mainland.
Heihe, Huma, and Mohe areas are rich in gold In order to develop financial resources, the West Manchuria Military Region asked our 3rd Division to supply Liu Binghua, section chief Dai Degui, and adjutant Sun Xizhen, where they used the gold mining equipment left by the Japanese to open a gold mine to produce gold and solve the problem of funding for the troops of the 3rd Division.
At this time, the Kuomintang sent people from Shenyang to the Heihe area to find Liu Shandong and ordered Liu Shandong to flee back to Shenyang with this band of bandits. On the question of which route to take back to Shenyang, the two sides have disagreed. The Kuomintang side asked him to take the Nenjiang River, and Liu Shandong did not dare to take the Nenjiang River, and wanted to go around the big circle to the Heihe River and Manchuria to Shenyang via Qiqihar, but this big circle actually could not get through the two sides, and the people sent by the Kuomintang from Shenyang left on their own. These circumstances were later confessed by liu shandong, who he himself confessed.
At this time, it was already snow-capped, the snow was knee-deep, and the weather was cold to minus 40 degrees Celsius. We reconnoitred and found out the rear base of the Liushan donggang bandits, sent troops to attack and destroyed their rear base where a large amount of materials were stored, and about 70,000 kilograms of grain were captured by our army. When Liu Shandong returned to replenish the grain, he found that the grain had been destroyed by me, and the house had also been ripped off, and he was shocked. More than 2,000 bandits, without food, fell into a desperate situation. They sneaked into the Qilin people to replenish food, but when they were discovered by our special agent 1 regiment, they immediately surrounded them, and there was heavy snow in several large deep ravines blocked by our army in the Sunk area, and the bandits had no food to eat, so they had to kill horses to eat. The 1st Regiment of Special Agents blocked the mouth of the ditch and bombarded it with mortars. The bandits raised the white flag and surrendered. The second ditch was also bombarded with mortars, and the enemy could not stand it and surrendered. In this way, more than 1,000 bandits will be eliminated first. Liu Shandong continued to stubbornly hang with more than 700 people, and then most of them were annihilated by me.
At the beginning of September, Commander Huang Kecheng informed me that there were now 1st, 2nd, and 3rd regiments of special agents in Heilongjiang and Nenjiang, as well as Zhong Wei's 5th Division, all of which were units of the original 3rd Division. In this way, I left heihe and went to bei'an and the five major lotus ponds to serve as the commander of the joint bandit suppression headquarters, and Comrade Wang Minggui, former commander of the Nenjiang Military Region, served as deputy commander. Comrade Wang Jun, former deputy commander of the Heilongjiang Military Region, served as commander of the military region.
I spoke once with a captured bandit leader.
He said, "You are stronger than the Japanese." ”
I said, "How powerful is the Fa?"
He said: "The Japanese have not eliminated me, you have suppressed me and used your method of suppression, there is no one who has not been suppressed, you see, the line is broken, I can't get the news, as soon as I run, you block the liaison station and get rid of me, people can't eat, horses can't feed, opium can't smoke, people are weak, horses are sleepy, and the people are rebellious and separated." You are chasing after you in shifts, non-stop, where are we not to be eliminated?"
The stock bandits known as Li Laozi had one or two hundred people. Until the other bandits were eliminated, he was not eliminated. Later, some people provided important information, saying that Li Laozi was riding fast cattle, and it was better not to ride a horse, and our troops found cow hoof prints in the snowy fields of Linhai. Following the cow's hoof prints, he first found his rear base in the mountain hollow, where food, guns, and ammunition were stored. We took out his base first, and then left one of the troops ready to "hold the rabbit" and the other to follow the cow's hoof prints. After wandering for a while, Li Laozi returned to his base, wanted to replenish his supplies, and when he saw, it was bad, he turned his head and ran, and as a result, he was surrounded and annihilated by us.
That area was inhabited by the Qilin people, who lived a nomadic life, who had children and hung them on the tree rights with leather bags, and the Japanese used a small number of Qilin people to deal with our anti-coalition fighters, and after the Japanese surrendered, some of them also became bandits. How to deal with these bandits? Mainly to solve their living problems such as eating and dressing. After several arrests of their leaders, we were well fed up, enlightened, and then put back to the fact that they felt that the Communist Party and the People's Liberation Army were good, and they would not take hostile action against us.
After suppressing the bandits, the bandits were thoroughly eliminated, and more than 100 townships and towns occupied by the bandits were recovered, thus creating favorable conditions for the creation and consolidation of base areas. In the struggle against bandits, through the mobilization of the masses by the deep people, the establishment of people's power, the consolidation of the rear, so that the troops can concentrate their forces in the main direction, more conducive to attacking the enemy to Heilongjiang to suppress bandits a total of 8 months, of which more than 3 months in Heihe. Under the attention and leadership of party committees at all levels, all the units participating in the war worked together to eliminate hundreds of large and small bandits, and completed the task of suppressing bandits entrusted by their superiors. There were many successful experiences in the suppression of bandits in the Heilongjiang area, which should have been summed up well, but Yuzi Qianqian ordered me to go back very eagerly, and I left in the future when I had time to sum up. Among them, the most important experience is to combine military struggle with political disintegration, correctly implement our army's policy of prisoners, create a powerful momentum of continuous combat, combine chase, block, intercept, and hold, and destroy the eyes and ears of the bandits, so that the bandits will not have a chance to breathe, will not get news and supplies, and will eventually be easily destroyed by us