On September 9, 1976, the great leader Chairman Mao died in Beijing at the age of 82 (83 years old), and when the people of the whole country and the world heard this bad news, they were all plunged into grief, and they all cried silently, and they put on filial piety and white flowers to remember our generation of great people.
Here, everyone believes that Chairman Mao's body should be preserved in the world forever, just like his great achievements, for future generations to admire, so that future generations can remember our generation of great people and remember the hard-won success of our happy life.
On September 9, 1977, after a year, the Chairman Mao Memorial Hall was officially opened to the public. This year, with the strength of the whole country and the efforts of countless scientists and workers, we have successfully created the world's first crystal coffin, ensuring that Chairman Mao's remains can be permanently preserved for future generations to see. The production process and scientific and technological level of the crystal coffin are leading the world, and there is no one who has come after the ancients.
Crystal coffin lid
The crystal coffin consists of a trapezoidal façade with slopes on all four sides and a coffin lid of 2.4 meters × 1 meter, with a base of black marble. Such a large crystal coffin lid could not be processed at that time, and the domestic processing equipment could only produce a total of 0.5 meters of quartz glass. The only country in the world that had the ability to produce crystal coffins was the Soviet Union, and the technology was kept secret, and at that time, the international relations between the mainland and the Soviet Union were tense, and there was no way but to rely on itself.
At that time, the quartz glass making technology was still stuck in the smelting of natural crystal materials, unlike now, which can be synthesized by molecular technology. Crystal ore is a precious resource, can reach the first-class crystal deposits accounted for only 10%, telegraph national crystal mineral land, and finally selected the crystal mine in Donghai County, Jiangsu City, the people of the East China Sea accumulated 35.2 tons of high-quality crystal ore materials.
Due to the defects in the melting technology of the whole crystal, bubbles are always mixed with impurities during the crystal cooling molding process, so that the defective crafts do not meet the standard. Moreover, the smelting of large quartz glass generally needs to wait for three years to completely eliminate the stress, otherwise it is easy to be affected by environmental changes in the process of use, cracking and deformation. In order to solve this problem, three backbones were temporarily dispatched from all glass manufacturing plants in the country to organize a battle at the 605 factory.
What machines can't do, not necessarily people can't do. After repeated experiments and research, the national team invented a new technology of "blazing, molding, and splicing", mr. Li produced qualified small blanks, and then welded them into whole pieces. The main component of the crystal material is silica, which is smelted and purified into quartz glass, the higher the purity, the higher the quality, and the purity of the quartz glass used to make the crystal coffin reaches 99.9999%, and no one can do it in later generations.
It is known that the melting point of quartz glass is above 2000 ° C, and the welding process can be achieved instantaneously, and only experienced old technicians can do it. In order to reduce impurities, the entire workshop has done dust-free treatment, protective clothing materials can not use asbestos, can only wear thick metal protective clothing for work. The person who shoulders this heavy responsibility needs to have exquisite skills and extraordinary courage, and this person is Shi Weicheng. People step on the water, from time to time need someone to add water to the metal protective clothing to cool down, the production of the whole piece of quartz glass, completely by himself.
The crystal plates made of more than 2 meters long and more than one meter wide have to be polished and polished to a standard size, and the most important thing is how to stitch these plates together.
Design & Assemble
In June 1977, six flawless crystal plates were gathered together, and China's first crystal coffin was finally born. In order to perfectly bond these five transparent plates, the Institute of Chemistry of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and the Institute of Glass research developed a photo-7 glue with excellent physical and chemical properties, which is still in use today.
The inclination design allows people to look at the body at any angle, and in order to avoid refractive problems of the crystal coffin, it is necessary to ensure a very high light transmittance on all sides. To solve this problem, coating is carried out, using the chemical meteorological deposition method in vacuum coating. In the vacuum state, the selected metal elements are heated into gas, slowly deposited on the surface of the glass, evenly coated with 5 layers of film, of which 4 layers of anti-fog film, 1 layer of anti-fog film, reflectivity can be reduced from 4% to 1 ‰, the thickness of the five layers of film is only 0.15 microns, the human eye can not distinguish.
The effect of the crystal coffin has been presented, showing the most real situation, but the state of the remains is not very good. In order to ensure the long-term storage of the remains, it is impossible to use common makeup techniques to do the modification, at this time it is necessary to carry out "optical plastic surgery" to enhance the visual effect through the diffusion of light on the face. Doing so is like taking a photo with a face light, which can better show the details of the face and make people feel refreshed.
The light inside the crystal coffin is "hidden" on both sides of the coffin bed, and through the reflective layer on the coffin lid, it is reflected to the remains, so that it will not block the line of sight and allow people to look at Chairman Mao at any angle. In order not to cause harm to the remains, the light source is a cold light emitted by a xenon lamp four meters away, and the low temperature is conducive to the preservation of the remains.
In addition to the temperature of the light, ultraviolet and infrared rays can also cause skin aging. The crystal coffin uses state-of-the-art fiber optic technology for transmission, absorbing ultraviolet and infrared rays.
The collection of many high-tech crystal coffins is approaching perfection, but it is not to say that the remains are automatically preserved by placing them directly inside, and the long-term storage of the remains also requires the blessing of other antiseptic processes.
Preservation process of the remains
Ancient emperors pay attention to the soil for safety, Egyptian pyramids found more than 1,000 years of mummified dry corpses, the mainland in 1972 Changsha Mawangdui Han tomb also unearthed female corpses, after more than 2,000 years of time, bones, muscle tissue is well preserved, some joints can still rotate, the skin of the whole body is elastic.
When this female corpse was unearthed, it was soaked in a colorless liquid of more than 20 centimeters, and it was verified that the liquid had a certain antiseptic function, and there was such a precedent, and the preservation of Chairman Mao's body could also be learned from one or two. In modern medicine, liquid preservation technology has appeared very early, that is, formalin soaking, which is generally used to store animal and plant specimens, and the storage period is also very long.
Considering that the remains are admired by people, soaking in the liquid environment is detrimental to the manners, so all liquid preservation is not accepted, but it is undeniable that the liquid preservation effect is the best. In response to this problem, scientists have taken a compromise scheme, practicing liquid preservation in places where others can't see it, and gaseous preservation in exposed places. In this way, the remains will not be completely dehydrated and lifeless, like the mummies of Egypt, nor will they be completely soaked in preservative fluid.
Referring to the wisdom of the ancients and combining modern science, the three major elements of the preservation of the remains are summarized: low temperature, oxygen insulation, and light avoidance. The crystal coffin was built not only to perfectly show the world Chairman Mao's remains, but also to create a good storage space for the remains. The crystal coffin has good air tightness and temperature insulation, and the air in the coffin is extracted and rushed into the inert gas, which can prevent the oxidation of the remains. The preservatives in the body can also be well replenished.
As long as the preservative is regularly updated, the airtightness of the crystal coffin is checked, and the preservation status of the remains is always paid attention to, so that the remains can be maintained continuously, and the remains can basically be preserved for eternity.
He was gone, when he was gone
Did not leave a penny of inheritance to the children,
But left one for us
Seeking happiness for the people,
Political parties seeking national rejuvenation;
Leaving behind an invincible people's army;
Leave behind a republic that stands among the nations of the world.
Today, we remember Mao Zedong,
He is grateful for his service to the Chinese nation and the Chinese people
The great achievements made,
is to not forget the glory of yesterday's suffering,
Worthy of today's mission,
Live up to the great dream of tomorrow!
Although you are gone, your great deeds will last forever, and it is you who have given us a happy and stable life now, and the great leader Chairman Mao will always live in the hearts of the people.