In fact, "Spring and Autumn" is a common name for ancient chronicles.
Because the major events of the ancient Chinese imperial court were mostly held in the spring and autumn seasons, the history books of the chronicles used this name.
I think that at that time, each princely state of the Zhou Dynasty had its own "Spring and Autumn", but it was not passed down in later generations.
There was only one copy of Lu Guo's "Spring and Autumn", and later "Spring and Autumn" became its proper name, that is, the famous "Spring and Autumn Classic".
Legend has it that this Spring and Autumn Was written by Confucius, or at least by him.
In the fourteenth year of the Duke of Luai, a brave hunter who beat a unicorn monster he had never seen before, thought it must be an ominous thing, and threw it away.
When this matter reached Confucius's ears, he went to see what was going on. As soon as he looked at it, he said, "This is Lin!" For whom! What's the point!
In fact, it was later learned that this qilin may have come for Confucius's Spring and Autumn Period.
1
The book "Spring and Autumn" is too difficult for a single university person to explain, and there are three famous scholars in history to explain it, so there are three spring and autumn traditions
Confucius was the first person to open the door to teach disciples and teach the classics to the commoners, and "Lu Chunqiu" should also be one of his subjects.
After his death, the disciples scattered in all directions, and all they could remember was taught, and the words quoted in the three biographies of the so-called "Spring and Autumn" are probably these things.
The three transmissions pay special attention to the exhortatory and punitive role of "Spring and Autumn".
According to the views of the Three Transmissions, the great righteousness of "Spring and Autumn" can be said from this aspect: Distinguish between right and wrong, distinguish between good and evil, advocate virtue and righteousness, and learn lessons from success or failure; at the same time, it exaggerates hegemony, respects the Zhou Chamber, and loves China.
It is said that the Spring and Autumn Period is unified.
The three transmissions of "Spring and Autumn" are the earliest circulated in "Zuo Zhuan". The author Zuo Qiuming was a contemporary of Confucius, and Zuo Qiuming and Kong Qiu were quite subordinate.
Confucius "repaired the Spring and Autumn Classic, and Qiu Ming passed it on, all in the table."
The "Spring and Autumn Ram Biography" is a biography written by the Ram Gao during the Warring States period, but it is not written but a legend, or the Ram Gao's grandson Ram Shou and others during the Han Jing Emperor's reign, and the fifth oral ear family biography was written in the bamboo veil.
About the name of the family name for the "Ram Biography", there is no great controversy in the academic circles.
The Tale of Liang in the Spring and Autumn Valley is a work by Gu Liang Chizuo of the Warring States Luren, who was a disciple of Zixia. That is, the students of Confucius's students explained the Spring and Autumn.
2
The reason for the three passes of Spring and Autumn, why did they write a biography of Spring and Autumn?
The Three Traditions of Spring and Autumn are the three works that explain the Spring and Autumn Classics: Zuo Zhuan, Ram Biography, and Hub Liang Biography.
The content of "Spring and Autumn" is too simple, and the current book is 16572 words, but there are more than 1800 historical events.
One word per thing, a few words short, 45 words for the longest, and an average of 9 words.
The historical events he records have only titles, but no specific content, making it impossible for people to understand the facts of historical events and their fierce relationships, and Confucius "uses one word as praise and depreciation", and many of the "small words and big meanings" in the book are not easy to understand.
"Zuo Shi Spring and Autumn Biography", according to legend, was written by Zuo Qiuming in the Warring States period, is an independently written history book, the content mainly records the social conditions of the Spring and Autumn Period, the content is mostly derived from the royal secret files and national history books, is one of the important classics of the Confucian school.
When Confucius revised the Spring and Autumn Period, he obviously drew on the experience of various countries in controlling the rise and fall of chaos.
To study the Three Traditions, we must first understand the Spring and Autumn Classics.
- All the authors of different eras in the Spring and Autumn Period attached importance to great unification
In fact, the use of "Wang Zhengyue" to pave the way for the unification is by no means the private words of the Ram family, and it is not yet the meaning of Confucius, but the thoughts of those who recorded the "Spring and Autumn" during the Lu Yin Gong, so it can be seen that the expression of "Wang Zhengyue" is a inheritance of writing history and culture.
3
The order of study | must be a prophet and a hub, and then the left transmission can be studied
Scholars must be prophets and hubs, and then they can study the Zuo Zhuan so as not to know that Confucius attaches great importance to the basic ideas of the Spring and Autumn Period.
The author of the "Left Biography" details the historical materials of the "Spring and Autumn", and every time the characters of the "Spring and Autumn" era are borrowed from the Ming Dynasty, although there are many exaggerated and untrue statements, it is reasonable.
To put it bluntly, the "Left Biography" uses historical facts to prove the Spring and Autumn Period, so it is a book of records. It is mainly a story, so the narrative of historical events is more detailed, and the text is beautiful, which is a successful historical masterpiece.
The "Biography of the Ram" and the "Biography of Yi Liang" explain the Spring and Autumn Scriptures in a question-and-answer style, carrying forward the general meaning of the Spring and Autumn Classics.
Therefore, these two transmissions are books of commentary.
It is based on exegesis, paying only attention to the righteous examples of the Spring and Autumn Period, illustrating the positive and negative significance of Confucius, and ignoring the facts.
That is to say, the "Biography of the Ram" and the "Biography of Yi Liang" are also reasoned, explaining the great righteousness of the Spring and Autumn Period, while the Zuo Chuan is a method of telling historical stories to interpret the historical background of Confucius' Spring and Autumn in detail.
Let's discuss the story of the Three Traditions of Spring and Autumn, welcome to follow me!
The author | Gong Liuhui