Throughout pregnancy, it is an indispensable and important ingredient in maintaining the life of the fetus. The source of amniotic fluid also varies at different stages of fetal development.
There are many reasons for the lack of amniotic fluid for expectant mothers
Amniotic fluid refers to the liquid in the amniotic cavity, that is, the water of the fetus. Commonly known as cytoplasmic water. During pregnancy, the amniotic membrane forms a fluid-filled amniotic sac that surrounds the embryo (fetus), and the liquid in between is the amniotic fluid. Throughout pregnancy, it is an indispensable and important ingredient in maintaining the life of the fetus. The source of amniotic fluid also varies at different stages of fetal development. In the first trimester of pregnancy, amniotic fluid mainly comes from the plasma components of the embryo; later, as the embryo's organs begin to mature and develop, other products such as the fetus's urine, respiratory system, gastrointestinal tract, umbilical cord, placental surface, etc., also become the source of amniotic fluid.
Composition of amniotic fluid: 98% of the composition of amniotic fluid is water, and there are also a small amount of inorganic salts, organic hormones and shedding fetal cells. The amount of amniotic fluid generally increases with the number of weeks of pregnancy, averaging 500 ml at 20 weeks; at about 28 weeks, it will increase to 700 ml; at 32 to 36 weeks, it will be at most, about 1 000 to 1 500 ml; and then gradually decrease. Therefore, the clinical range is 300 to 2 000 ml as normal. The doctor said that Mr. He's wife had too little amniotic fluid, that is, the amniotic fluid could not meet the above indicators. The reasons for too little amniotic fluid are diverse, and generally speaking, there are the following reasons:
Cause 1 of amniotic fluid in pregnant women: Pregnant women have insufficient water intake, hypovolutionemia, drug effects, and gestational hypertension.
Cause 2 of oligohydramnios in pregnant women: Placental insufficiency.
Placental insufficiency causes intrauterine hypoxia of the fetus, decreased blood supply to the pulmonary capillary bed, decreased amniotic fluid exchange, decreased renal blood flow, decreased fetal urine output, chromosomal abnormalities, congenital abnormalities, growth retardation, fetal death, post-term pregnancy.
Cause 3 of oligohydramnios in pregnant women: intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR).
Hypohydramnios is one of the characteristics of intrauterine growth retardation of the fetus, chronic hypoxia causes fetal blood circulation redistribution, mainly supplying the brain and heart, while renal blood flow decreases, fetal urine production decreases and leads to too little amniotic fluid.
Cause 4 of oligohydramnios in pregnant women: amniotic lesions.
Electron microscopy showed that the amniotic epithelium layer became thinner when there was too little amniotic fluid, epithelial cells atrophy, microvilli was short and thick, the tip was swollen, the number was small, there was a squamous epithelial metaplasia phenomenon, the coarse inner mesh and golgi complex in the cells were also reduced, and the bridge and half bridgepartes between epithelial cells and the basement membrane were reduced. It is thought that some unexplained amniotic fluid is too low may be related to the lesions of the amniotic membrane itself.
Causes of oligohydramnios in pregnant women 5: umbilical cord lesions: The umbilical cord is also involved in amniotic fluid exchange, and abnormal exchange is often accompanied by oligohydramnios. Post-term pregnancy. Placental tissue degeneration, hypofunction, especially in the case of complicated pregnancy hypertension syndrome, cardiovascular disease, chronic nephritis, placental lesions, affecting fetal development, resulting in too little amniotic fluid.
Cause 6 of oligohydramnios in pregnant women: fetal malformations.
For example, congenital renal deficiency, renal hypoplasia, urinary tract obstruction, reduced urine output, decreased amniotic fluid, and fetal lung hypoplasia are often accompanied by too little amniotic fluid. Fetal malformations. Fetal dysplasia, urinary system malformations, such as congenital renal deficiency, renal hypoplasia, urinary tract atresia, etc., reduce the amount of urine in the fetus or no urine, reduce the source of amniotic fluid, so that there is too little amniotic fluid.
What should I do if I have less amniotic fluid?
Experts said that pregnant women with too little amniotic fluid, in addition to the treatment of the mother's disease, the baby has no deformity after examination, and the expectant mother has no serious complicated diseases, and can increase the amount of amniotic water through rapid drinking water under the guidance of the doctor. Drinking more water can increase the mother's blood circulation, and the circulation of the indirect uterine placenta can also be increased, and the purpose of increasing amniotic fluid is achieved. Pregnant women should also be allowed to stay in bed.
In addition, amnioinfusion can be used to directly increase the amount of amniotic water. However, if the fetus is found to be at risk of infection, or the fetus is not in good condition and is no longer suitable for living in the womb, it should be born immediately and properly cared for.