Source: China News Network
Chongqing, January 16, China News Network: Question: How to protect the clear water of a river in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River?
Author Liang Qinqing
"The river is like a mirror, and you can often see three or five white birds dancing." Zhang Fang, a villager in Anningchang Village, Shuanglu Town, Fengdu County, Chongqing City, said that in the past few years, with the gradual increase of traditional industrial and mining enterprises and livestock and poultry breeding, black and odorous sewage was directly discharged into the Longhe River. But with the improvement of the ecological environment in recent years, Longhe has once again become what he was when he was a child.
Since the symposium on promoting the development of the Yangtze River Economic Belt was held on January 5, 2016, the provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities along the Yangtze River have placed the restoration of the ecological environment of the Yangtze River in an overwhelming position. Chongqing is the last pass of the ecological barrier in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River, and plays an irreplaceable role in the ecological security of the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River. In recent years, the provinces, autonomous regions, and municipalities in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River have made great efforts to protect the ecological environment of the Yangtze River and ensure that "the clear water of a river flows eastward".
The river chief system makes the river smooth, the water clear, the shore green, the scenery beautiful, the people and people
The Longhe River in Zhangfangkou is the largest river in Fengdu, and at the end of 2020, longhe (Fengdu section), as the sole representative of Chongqing, successfully created the first batch of demonstration rivers and lakes in China.
"The improvement of the ecological environment of the Longhe River is indispensable to the river chief system." Chen Mingwu, chief river chief of Sanhe Subdistrict in Fengdu County and river chief of the Sanhe section of the Longhe River, lamented that the river chief system has changed the situation in the past in which departments overlapped their responsibilities, blamed each other, and failed to cure, and became the "golden key" to solve the problem of "water control in Kowloon".
Fengdu County has innovatively implemented the "one river and three long" river comprehensive management and protection mechanism, on the basis of the party committee and government leaders as river chiefs, the leaders of the people's congress and the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference serve as the river supervisors, and the leaders of the public security system serve as the river sheriffs, forming a comprehensive three-dimensional governance pattern of the river that integrates enforcement, supervision and law enforcement. Under the "one river and three long", Fengdu County has also established a grid management and protection system, fixed and fixed points to inspect and clean the Longhe River, and open up the "last kilometer" of the river management and protection link.
Chen Mingwu said: "Now the environment of the Longhe River can be summed up in one sentence: the river is smooth, the water is clear, the shore is green, the scenery is beautiful, and the people are gone. Today, more than 5,300 rivers and more than 3,000 reservoirs in Chongqing have achieved full coverage of "one river, one long" and "one reservoir and one long".
Since 2018, the main leaders of the party committees and governments of 31 provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the central government) in China have served as provincial-level double river chiefs, 300,000 provincial, municipal, county and township-level rivers and lakes have inspected rivers and lakes with an average annual inspection of 7 million person-times, and more than 900,000 village-level river and lake chiefs (including river patrollers and river guards) have guarded the "most outpost" of rivers and lakes.
"Different upstream and downstream lines, left and right shores are not synchronized" has a "prescription"
Walk on the path on the bank of the Copper Bowl River, with fertile fields on one side and clear river water on the other. Compared with today's clean water and green shores, the water quality of the former Tongbao River is inferior to Class V. all year round, and some of the river is full of garbage and smelly.
The Tongbao River, a tributary of the Jialing River across Sichuan and Chongqing, is the "hard bone" of cross-border river management in Dazhou City, Sichuan Province, and Liangping District, Chongqing City. Zhang Zhao, deputy director of the Liangping District Ecological and Environmental Bureau, said that previously, due to inconsistent administrative jurisdiction, joint inspections and cross-law enforcement could not be carried out, and the problem of water pollution in cross-border rivers could not be treated in a timely manner, affecting the protection of the water ecological environment and economic and social development in the basin.
Nowadays, with the advancement of the construction of the twin-city economic circle in the Chengdu-Chongqing region, the two places have jointly signed the "Agreement on Deepening the Co-construction and Co-insurance of the Water Ecological Environment of Sichuan and Chongqing", issued the "Joint Prevention and Control Plan for the Protection of the Water Ecological Environment in the Tongbao River Basin", and planned 56 projects to jointly protect the clear water and green banks of the river.
The reporter combed and found that Gulin County in Sichuan Province and Xishui County in Guizhou Province established an inter-provincial procuratorial coordination mechanism for ecological environmental protection in the Chishui River Basin; Xiang'egan joined hands to jointly build the Yangtze River Economic Belt Ecological Civilization Pilot Zone; Hubei Huanggang and Anhui Anqing carried out joint prevention and control of water pollution in the Longgan Lake Basin... There are many such regional cooperation mechanisms, and the best "prescription" has been found for the treatment of problems such as "different upstream and downstream lines, and different left and right banks" in the Yangtze River Basin.
Yangtze River water can also become a "natural air conditioner"
Climbing to Guangyang Island in Chongqing, the water and grass sway in the crystal clear lake water, and a couple of newlyweds taking wedding photos on the grass in the distance, presenting a picture of the Yangtze River in which man and nature coexist in harmony. Who would have thought that jiangxin island, the largest island in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River, was destroyed by development and construction a few years ago, and the original ecological terraces and natural water system on the island were polluted. In August 2017, Chongqing Municipality stopped the "large-scale development" of Guangyang Island.
"Now the island is building a clean energy system with river water source heat pumps, ground source heat pumps and integrated complementary hydropower, wind energy, solar energy, etc., and introducing green electricity, which can ensure that the utilization rate of clean energy on the island is 100% after completion." Zhou Tingzheng, head of the Project of the Three Gorges Group stationed in Guangyang Island, explained that taking the river water source heat pump as an example, the low-temperature water after the natural heat dissipation of the Yangtze River water body is used as a cold source in the summer, and the solar energy resources stored in the Yangtze River water body are used as the heat source in the winter, so that it forms an air-conditioning system to provide cold heating for the building.
When the reporter visited the island, he saw many staff members pouring concrete in a large pit that resembled a spaceship. Zhou Tingzheng said that this is the "spaceship-type" solid waste recycling system being built in Guangyang Island, and after completion, all the domestic garbage generated daily on the island is degraded, decomposed, digested, absorbed and recycled on the island, so as to achieve zero emissions of domestic garbage on the island to the environment. "In the process of ecological restoration of Guangyang Island, these innovative measures have reference significance for 11 provinces, autonomous regions and cities along the Yangtze River."
Today, Guangyang Island has been selected as a typical case of ecological restoration in the 15th Conference of the Parties to the United Nations Convention on Biological Diversity. In the ecological protection of the entire Yangtze River Basin, high technology runs through it. Sichuan Province through the strengthening of satellite remote sensing, unmanned aerial vehicles, frogs and other high-tech means to accurately target illegal enterprises and pollution sources, Jiangsu Province to establish the Yangtze River "ecological eye" environment three-dimensional perception monitoring platform...... These technologies provide strong support for ecological environmental protection.
When the reporter was about to leave Guangyang Island, he happened to meet Mr. Huang, a tourist who took his twin children to the island to collect wind. He said: "The landscape design of the island is very good, surrounded by mountains and rivers, and it is in shape. In the future, I will often take my children to the island, and I hope that the original ecological environment here will become a good memory for them in the future. ”