Zhuge Liang's so-called six out of Qishan does not mean that Zhuge Liang went out of Qishan six times, but extended or referred to as Zhuge Liang's Northern Expedition, in the Romance of the Three Kingdoms, Zhuge Liang in the six Northern Expeditions, in fact, only two times were out of Qishan. In the history of the Three Kingdoms, Zhuge Liang only had five Northern Expeditions.
As we all know, Zhuge Liang used troops unlike Liu Bei, you see the Battle of Hanzhong and the Battle of Yiling led by Liu Bei, there were not many generals killed in the Battle of Shu Han, the Battle of Hanzhong included Lei Tong, Wu Lan, Ren Kui and other generals killed in battle, and the Battle of Yiling had Zhang Nan, Feng Xi, Sha Moke, Fu Wei and other generals killed in battle.
Zhuge was cautious in his life, especially Zhuge Liang's use of troops, and in several Northern Expeditions, in addition to Ma Mo, Zhang Xiu, Li Sheng, and other generals who were killed by Zhuge Liang for disobeying military orders and losing street pavilions, the Shu Han generals had almost no losses in the Northern Expedition, and they were all brought back safely by Zhuge Liang, and even Zhuge Liang died of illness on the front line, and the main force of the Northern Expedition Shu Army also retreated back to Chengdu in an orderly manner under the arrangements of Zhuge Liang before his death.
On the way back to Chengdu, except for Wei Yan who was killed by Yang Yi sent by Yang Yi to ma Dai for disobeying Zhuge Liang's military orders and having conflicts with Yang Yi, the other Shu generals basically had no losses, but Wei Yan's death was due to the internal strife of the Shu army, not the battle, so it was not counted.
The Shu Han generals who accompanied Zhuge Liang in several Northern Expeditions included Wei Yan, Wu Yi, Wang Ping, Jiang Wei, Zhao Yun, Chen Shi, Deng Zhi, Gao Xiang, Wu Ban, and Meng Yan.
Zhuge Liang's Northern Expedition began in 228 AD, and to 234 AD Zhuge Liang died of illness in Wuzhangyuan, in fact, the entire Northern Expedition lasted only 6 years, in Zhuge Liang's six years of five Northern Expeditions, about Zhuge Liang's generals who died on the battlefield in the Northern Expedition, in fact, there was no.
Wei Yan was killed in the internal strife of the Shu army, Wu Yi, Wang Ping, Zhao Yun, and Deng Zhi died of illness, Jiang Wei lived until the eve of the fall of shu Han, because Zhong Hui plotted against the Chengdu mutiny and was killed, Chen Shi, Gao Xiang, Wu Ban, Meng Yan and other generals died of no record, from all indications, it is definitely not the battlefield that died in battle, because these people were still alive after Zhuge Liang's death.
Zhuge Liang's men not only did not have any generals killed on the battlefield, but also killed two major generals of Cao Wei in the five Northern Expeditions, one was Wang Shuang, and the other was the only remaining famous general Zhang Guo of the Five Sons Liang's generals, Wang Shuang died in Zhuge Liang's Second Northern Expedition, because he was killed in pursuit of the retreating Zhuge Liang army, Zhang Gao died in Zhuge Liang's Fourth Northern Expedition, also because the retreating Zhuge Liang army was killed.
Briefly recall Zhuge Liang's five Northern Expeditions:
The First Northern Expedition
Zhuge Liang ordered Zhao Yun and Deng Zhi to attack The City of Guocheng out of the Valley of Xie, ordered Ma Mo and Wang Ping to lead an army to guard the street pavilion, and let Wei Yan and Gao Xiang serve as the left and right wings of Ma Mo as guards, while Zhuge Liang personally led Wu Yi and the main force out of Qi Mountain to attack Longyou, because Ma Mo lost the street pavilion, causing Zhuge Liang's rear road to be cut off by the Wei army, because Zhuge Liang resolutely withdrew, the first Northern Expedition failed, Ma Mo, Zhang Xiu, and Li Sheng were killed for disobeying military orders, and the general Huang Raid was stripped of his military power.
Second Northern Expedition
In response to the Battle of Shiting in Eastern Wu, Zhuge Liang hastily sent troops to Attack the Wei general Hao Zhao, who was defending the city, because Cao Zhen predicted in advance that Zhuge Liang would attack Chen Cang next time, so he strengthened the fortifications in advance, Zhuge Liang led tens of thousands of troops to attack Chen Cangcheng, which Hao Zhao was defending, and did not capture it for more than twenty days, the grain was almost exhausted, so he had to withdraw, and the Wei general Wang Shuang led his army to pursue and was killed by Zhuge Liang's army.
The Third Northern Expedition
Zhuge Liang sent the general Chen Shi to lead an army to attack Wudu and Yinping Counties, and he personally led the main force to restrain the Wei general Guo Huai in Jianwei, but Guo Huai did not attack, so Chen Shi successfully took Wudu and Yinping Counties.
The Fourth Northern Expedition
Zhuge Liang led his army out of Qishan, besieged the Wei army's stronghold at Qishan, and harvested the wheat of the Wei army in Shangyi to the north, because Cao Zhen, the military commander of Cao Wei Guanzhong, died of illness, so Sima Yi was transferred to Guanzhong as the main general of the Wei army, and confronted Zhuge Liang at Halo City, zhuge Liang successfully used the plot to lure Sima Yi into battle, which was the famous Battle of Halo City.
Zhuge Liang sent Wang Ping to hold on to the south of the city of Halo, sent Wei Yan, Wu Ban, and Gao Xiang to lead the main force of the Shu army to fight Against Sima Yi, beheaded the first three thousand of the Wei army, captured 5,000 Xuan armor, and 3,100 crossbows, and won a great victory, and finally because Li Yan was not able to transport grain and retreated, the Wei army led the army to pursue Zhuge Liang, and was ambushed and killed by Zhuge Liang.
The Fifth Northern Expedition
Zhuge Liang led his army out of the Valley to reach Yucheng, and set up camp in Wuzhangyuan, and at the same time ordered the Shu army to take the place of Tuntian and prepare for a long-term plan to confront the Wei army, at the same time, Zhuge Liang also contacted Eastern Wu Sun Quan to jointly send troops to attack Cao Wei, because the Eastern Wu army quickly collapsed at the front, Zhuge Liang could only hold on to Wuzhangyuan alone, while the Wei commander Sima Yi closed the door and insisted on consuming the food of the Shu army, and finally Zhuge Liang died of overwork in Wuzhangyuan.
In addition to these five Northern Expeditions, in fact, there was another time when the State of Wei premeditated to attack Shu Han in the south, which occurred in 230 AD, when Cao Zhen, Sima Yi, and Zhang Guo attacked Shu Han in three ways, due to weather problems, the road was difficult to walk, Cao Zhen did not go out of the Meridian Valley for a month, and had to retreat and attempt the attack.
As soon as Zhuge Liang died, the Northern Expedition ended, and it can be seen that Zhuge Liang did not lose a single general in the entire Northern Expedition War, but on the contrary, Zhuge Liang's enemy, the Cao Wei regime, lost two major generals, Wang Shuang and Zhang Guo, especially Zhang Guo, who was already sixty or seventy years old and experienced in hundreds of battles, but was still ambushed and killed by Zhuge Liang with a ruse.
Based on this alone, Zhuge Liang's military ability was far superior to Liu Bei's, Liu Bei lost soldiers in previous wars, and Zhuge Liang, in addition to the first Northern Expedition because of the mistake in employing people, Ma Mo disobeyed the military orders and caused the Shu army to lose some soldiers, it is estimated that there are thousands of people, but the main generals are not less, which is enough to show that Zhuge Liang's military ability is excellent.