After Genghis Khan established the Mongol Iron Horse, Mongolia began a large-scale military campaign of external expansion. By the time of Kublai Khan, he changed the Mongol Empire to Dayuan, and soon after the southern Song Dynasty collapsed, and the Central Plains fell completely under Mongol rule.
During Kublai Khan's reign, the Yuan Dynasty was still in a period of rising national strength. But
After Kublai Khan's grandson Yuan Chengzong succeeded to the throne, due to his indiscriminate increase in rewards, the Yuan court could not make ends meet, and the state finances began to become insufficient. The Yuan Dynasty began an irreversible decline.
In the period of Emperor Yingzong of Yuan, although the Yuan Dynasty at this time was the largest country in the world at that time, its military strength was also a first-class country in the world. However, the decline of the Yuan dynasty state was inevitable. There are many domestic contradictions,
Emperor Yuan Realized that if the country continued to decline, the demise of the Yuan Dynasty was only a matter of time.
Since Emperor Yuan Yingzong was only 17 years old when he succeeded to the throne, the empress dowager controlled the main political forces of the Yuan Dynasty through the support of her own family, while Yuan Yingzong was isolated and helpless, and the only thing that Yuan Yingzong could trust at this time was bai zhu, the same young chancellor as him.
After Emperor Yingzong of Yuan succeeded to the throne, the forces of the Emperor of the Yuan Dynasty and the two sides fell into a long-term confrontation. But
Even if he was subject to the backward party everywhere, he still could not change Yuan Yingzong's idea of changing the status quo of the country.
The young emperor could not wait to begin the reform of the country, the first thing he did was to rectify the official field, so that capable people could stand out in the official field, he decreed that as long as the officials performed well, they could become officials, and he ordered the construction of the Imperial Master Temple throughout the country to show the importance of Confucianism.
After the death of the empress dowager, the shackles on Yuan Yingzong's head finally disappeared, and the pace of Yuan Yingzong's reforms began to change rapidly, and Bai Zhu was promoted to the position of central right chancellor. In order to strengthen the authority of the worship pillar, the position of the left chancellor of the Yuan Dynasty was specially vacant.
With the help of Bai Zhu, Yuan Yingzong's new policy was well promoted. The state is in full swing to reduce redundant personnel, rectify the government and government, and resume the imperial examination. Governing the country with Confucianism has become the foundation of the New Deal of the Yuan Dynasty.
The originally decaying national strength of the Yuan Dynasty also began to be revitalized and began to develop on the good side.
Since ancient times, the implementation of the New Deal has always touched the interests of some people, and Yuan Yingzong's New Deal is no exception. At a time when the Yuan Dynasty was making great progress, the interests of the conservative Mongol nobles were encroached upon by the New Deal. This led them to begin to be dissatisfied with the New Deal. They were unspoiled for their own interests, and the conservative nobles began to string together. They decided to stage a coup d'état.
Sixteen Mongol nobles, including 5 Mongol emperors, were involved in the affair under the planning of the emperor Tie Lost, who were very powerful and high in the Yuan Dynasty.
Under their premeditation, the Athod Guards trusted by Emperor Yuanyingzong were rebelled. On August 5, 1323, Both Emperor Yingzong and Baizhu were on their way back to Dadu from the Yuan Dynasty. The rebels took advantage of yuan yingzong's rest and sleep on the road and led his men into the emperor's resting tent, killing both Baizhu and Yuan Yingzong. Since the place of the incident occurred in Nanpodian, history also refers to this coup d'état as the "Nanpo Change".
With the killing of the young emperor, the New Deal of the Yuan Dynasty was also deposed, and the newly revived Yuan Dynasty fell into decline. Under the corrupt politics of the Yuan Dynasty, the people who could not survive began to rebel one after another, and the rule of the Yuan Dynasty collapsed in the vigorous peasant uprising at the end of the Yuan Dynasty
。 This elaborate coup d'état not only killed the emperor of the Yuan Dynasty, but also completely ruined the opportunity for the Yuan Dynasty's Zhongxing.