Peking Union Medical College Hospital has a widely circulated proverb in the industry, that is, "there is no sudden change in the condition, only the change in the condition is suddenly discovered". If bowel cancer occurs, the body often sends out some abnormal signals, but many people do not pay attention to it, and when they can't stand it one day, they go to the hospital to find that it is advanced, and at this time they are lamenting the unfairness of fate!
Talking to my family on the phone today, I learned that a neighbor had died of advanced bowel cancer. A person who was very strong before, who was tormented by advanced tumors, was skinny and boney, and in a cachete state, he finally failed to survive this year and then go, which is a great pity for some elderly people. A few years ago, with the support of the government, we carried out the screening of men for "two cancers (prostate cancer, colorectal cancer)", and those who meet the conditions can be tested free of charge, which can be said to be a very good welfare for the government to the people.
At that time, my neighbor screened out colon polyps, and also gave me a physical examination report during the New Year, when I suggested that I must recheck every six months or a year, he said that he did not want to do colonoscopy anymore, people have a life and death in the sky, Yama King wants you to die three times, will not leave you until five more. In fact, many rural people think so. As everyone knows, euthanasia is not allowed in our country, so especially some cancer patients in the late stage are very painful, long-term bedridden beds caused by pressure sores, the whole room is smelly, cancer pain torments you can not sleep all night .... Today I will use this case of bowel cancer to talk to you about the occurrence and development of intestinal polyps and bowel cancer.
How serious is the situation of bowel cancer?
●Colorectal cancer is currently the top 3 malignant tumors in the world in terms of incidence in humans, and there are 1 million new cases of colorectal cancer in the world every year." It is the second most common gastrointestinal tumor in the registration area of tumor diseases in China, second only to gastric cancer, with an incidence rate of 29.44/100,000, and the mortality rate in the same period was 14.23/100,000, accounting for the fifth mortality rate of malignant tumors.
● We don't know that there are obvious differences in the distribution of colorectal cancer in China, such as the coastal (eastern) area is more concentrated, while the inland (northwest) area is relatively low incidence, of which the incidence of colorectal cancer in parts of the northeast and north China and Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Shanghai, Fujian and other areas has increased rapidly, and the case fatality rate of colorectal cancer in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River is the highest.
● I believe that everyone has also noticed that in recent years, China has carried out early screening of such tumors in many regions, which is certainly not eating and doing nothing. Because the treatment effect of tumors in the early stage and the treatment effect and the survival rate in the late stage are completely different, of course, there is also the support of medical costs, so the screening of two cancers can be said to be a good thing that "benefits the country and the people". If you have such welfare policies around you, you must grasp them if you meet the conditions.
What are the classifications of intestinal polyps?
The polyps are divided into l~2 cm, 2~3 cm and ≥3 cm by size. Polyps are divided according to Yamada: type I is flat and mound-shaped, and the starting part of the bulge is smoother; type II. is hemispherical, and the beginning of the bulge has a clear realm; type III. has a yati, and the beginning of the bulge is slightly smaller, forming a yati; type IV has a peduncle, and the beginning of the bulge has a distinct peduncle. According to the polyp site, it is divided into: proximal colon and distal colon, proximal colon includes cecum, ascending colon, transverse colon, and colon below spleen curvature (including spleen curvature) is distal colon. According to histopathology: it is divided into adenomatous polyps with high-grade intraepithelial neoplasia or carcinoma.
When the intestinal polyp "becomes cancerous", 3 horse feet may be exposed!
Indeed, early bowel cancer has no significant clinical symptoms, so it is easy to be ignored or not taken seriously. I know that things that are too theoretical are not patient to read on the one hand, and it is difficult to understand, so I will try to explain them to you in plain language!
Blood in the stool: Why does the intestinal polyp "become cancerous" and hematochezia? There are mainly several aspects, one is that our intestine is a cavity organ, it is constantly growing in it, in this process there may be rupture and bleeding; second, the tumor it can also invade the intestinal wall, where there is a rich vascular plexus, once the blood vessel rupture, then it can also cause bleeding; third, the stool in the large intestine may also cause bleeding from the tumor when passing through the tumor position. Therefore, after everyone finishes the stool, we must pay attention to observe whether the stool has blood or the stool becomes black, and it is very simple to check the third, check a stool routine + OB experiment, whether there is bleeding, you can know.
Anemia: How can bowel cancer still be linked to anemia? The above tells everyone that tumors are easy to cause bleeding, so if you are in a chronic blood loss state for a long time, anemia will naturally come to fruition. In addition, our usual aging red blood cells can actually be used by the human body, and the human body will lack a source after bowel cancer bleeding, which will also indirectly cause anemia. The symptoms of anemia are actually very hidden, but I recommend that you pay attention to whether you are usually prone to fatigue, fatigue, dizziness, palpitations and other discomforts, and look at the color of the eyelid conjunctiva and nail bed on the surface of the body. As long as we are a normal person who can eat and drink, excrete the physiological period factors of lesbians, appear anemia, and are in the high incidence age of colorectum (greater than 45 years old), we must pay attention to it.
Bowel habits / stool trait changes: how to understand this, that is to say, you used to be used to solve the stool every two days, but recently it has been frequent, several times a day, never solved the stool habit in the morning before, and now always want to defecate in the morning; about the change of traits, that is to say, your previous stool is dissolved and formed, a cylindrical, soft yellow, the solution is also very smooth, now the solution is a little bit out, the stool has become thin, even mushy, completely unformed, that must be paid attention to Do not comfort yourself that you are old and have a bad stomach, if you do not get better for a period of time, you must go to the hospital.
Comprehensive summary
● Do not underestimate such a polyp, the data show that adenomatous intestinal polyps account for 1/2 to 2/3 of all colorectal polyps, and most colorectal cancers are derived from adenomatous intestinal polyps. The cancer rate of adenomas is 1.4% to 9.4%, and it takes 7 to 10 years to develop from adenoma to invasive colorectal cancer. Patients with colorectal cancer in advanced stages have a 5-year survival rate of 70%, while patients with distant metastases have a 5-year survival rate of only 12% and patients with a lower quality of life.
●Note that most early endoscopic interventions for early-stage colorectal cancer are good prognostic, with a 5-year survival rate of more than 90%, and some patients can achieve radical cure on endoscopic therapy. So colonoscopy can not only give you an examination, but also find some high-risk polyps when you remove them in time, so as to play a therapeutic role, if you ignore it, and so on to the late stage of the development of surgery on the stomach, but also chemotherapy, radiation therapy, etc. Is not more than worth the loss.
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