One day in the spring of 1935, a man appeared in the dense forest of Yongchun Mountain in Fujian Province. Dressed in tattered clothes, wearing a tattered bucket hat and holding a machete in his hand, he looked like a woodcutter. But in fact, he had been wandering around the jungle for two days, looking for local guerrillas.
As the man walked, he found a new pile of graves filled with wreaths of wildflowers and pine branches. Looking closer, a tombstone made of wooden planks reads "Tomb of Commissar Zhong Guochu." The man couldn't laugh after reading it, because Zhong Guochu was himself.
But what excited him was that the tomb was newly piled up, and the guerrillas should still be nearby, so Zhong Guochu walked toward the village under the mountain. Before he reached the entrance to the village, he was stopped by two guerrilla fighters who were on guard and asked, "What?" Zhong Guochu knew them, called them by name, and said, "I am Zhong Guochu." ”
This startled the two soldiers, who took a step back and said, "Didn't the commissar just get buried?" Are you fake or..." Zhong Guochu took the bucket down, and the two warriors saw his face clearly before believing it and let him into the village. In order not to scare everyone, Zhong Guochu signaled the two not to be silent and continue to send out whistles.
Zhong Guochu continued to walk toward the village, and at the side of a broken temple, he heard his comrades-in-arms singing the "Internationale" tragically. He walked to the door and looked,
The main hall of the temple is plastered with the words "Comrade Zhong Guochu Memorial Service".
The leader of the guerrilla detachment who presided over the memorial service was asking everyone to take off their hats and bow to the spiritual seat.
Seeing that his comrades-in-arms missed him so much, Zhong Guochu was also moved to tears and stood silently at the door of the temple to watch his memorial service. An alert warrior suddenly spotted Zhong Guochu, who was wearing a bucket hat and holding a machete, and shouted, "What for?" Immediately rushed up and snatched his machete and took off his bucket.
Then the warrior was astonished: "Isn't this Commissar Zhong?" The people in the temple brushed their eyes on Zhong Guochu, and it was suddenly boiling. Zhong Guochu said: "Comrades, I am not dead, I am back." Looking at everyone's puzzled look, he humorously joked: "I went to Marx for a walk, and he said that my revolutionary work was not yet completed, and he could not collect it, and he drove me back." ”
Zhong Guochu
Why did the comrades-in-arms hold a memorial service for Zhong Guochu, who is still alive? What kind of experience did he have?
In the revolutionary years, there were many examples of comrades-in-arms who did not sacrifice but held memorial services, but Zhong Guochu was probably the only one who could catch up with his own memorial service. This naturally became a good story, but behind this good story there is a tragic historical story.
Zhong Guochu was born in 1912 in a poor peasant family in Xingguo County, Jiangxi Province, with a family of few people and little land, and the land was poor, and more than half of the grain harvested every year had to be handed over to the landlord. Zhong Guochu, who lived in the old society, suffered a lot, and only had the opportunity to go to private school at the age of 12, but after only half a year of study, he went home to help his parents do farm work.
In September 1926, after the Northern Expeditionary Army entered Ganzhou. Hu Can, a communist of Xing nationality, established a special branch of the CPC in Xingguo County, and subsequently established groups such as peasant associations. Revolutionary ideas began to spread within the territory of Xingguo,
Zhong Guochu, who had been oppressed since childhood, gradually realized that only by participating in the revolution could he get rid of the fate of suffering.
However, after the Northern Expeditionary Army entered Shanghai, Lao Jiang launched the "April 12 Coup" and wantonly hunted down the Communists, and the vigorous Revolution ended in failure. Subsequently, the CCP leadership launched the Nanchang Uprising, the Autumn Harvest Uprising and other riots.
The relationship between the Kuomintang and the Communists evolved from a cooperative relationship to an open armed conflict.
At that time, the situation of the revolutionary struggle was extremely cruel, and once the identity was discovered by the enemy, it was not only likely that he would lose his head, but also endanger the safety of his family. But Zhong Guochu was not intimidated by this situation and resolutely joined the local farmers' association.
At the beginning of 1929, in order to crush the enemy's third "meeting suppression", the main force of the Red Fourth Army broke through from Jinggangshan and attacked the area around Gannan Province. Soon after, the contradictions between lao Jiang and the Gui clan intensified, and war broke out between the two sides.
The Red Fourth Army seized the opportunity to capture Ruijin, Xingguo, Ningdu and other places, and opened up the revolutionary base area in Gannan Province.
The Red Army mobilized the masses to participate in the revolutionary struggle and establish Soviet power in the area of rejuvenation, which was greatly welcomed by the common people. They sent their sons and husbands into the army.
According to relevant statistics, more than 80,000 people joined the Red Army in Xingguo County, of which 56 became founding generals and are famous general counties in the country.
Zhong Guochu also participated in the revolution during this period, became a party member, and participated in five anti-"encirclement and suppression" struggles. In the fifth anti-"encirclement and suppression" struggle, the Red Army lost, and the main force was forced to move from the Central Soviet Region and began the Long March. At the same time, some troops were left to fight guerrillas in the Central Soviet Area to contain the enemy.
Xingguo County is known as General County
Zhong Guochu's Independent Eighteenth Regiment was ordered to remain in the Soviet Zone, and under the leadership of the Fujian Military Region, they began a difficult 3-year guerrilla war. After the main force of the Red Army was transferred, the enemy army besieged the Soviet area with heavy troops, and the important strongholds in the Soviet area were lost one after another, and the guerrillas were forced to move to the mountains.
In April 1935, Zhong Guochu's unit was dispersed in the Battle of Naturalized Shaxi. Zhong Guochu broke out alone and met about 10 comrades-in-arms on the mountain. They were sympathized by the local people, and they gathered hundreds of people hidden in the mountains. In the absence of food and ammunition, he still insisted on fighting guerrillas in the deep mountains of western Fujian in accordance with the orders of the central authorities.
Na Zhong Guo Chu served as the political commissar of the guerrilla detachment.
In May, the leading organs of Fujian Province and the Military Region were besieged by the enemy army on the Purple Mountain at the intersection of Dehua, Xianyou, and Yongtai counties during the transfer. At this time, Song Qingquan, commander of the Fujian-Gansu Military Region, Peng Hu, director of the Political Department, Xu Jianghan, chief of staff, and others who were in charge of the armed forces plotted to defect and quietly pulled their troops down the mountain to surrender to the enemy during their night breaks.
Soon after they descended the mountain, the enemy attacked the mountain, and most of the dozens of remaining cadres on the Purple Mountain were captured or killed. Zhong Xunren, secretary of the Fujian Provincial Party Committee, and Yang Daoming, chairman of the province, lost contact with the organization after breaking through the siege, and they were forced to become monks at a local temple because they were not familiar with the place.
Zhong and Yang believed that they had not brought the team well, were ashamed of the organization, and were always reluctant to go down the mountain to find the organization. Before zhong Xunren's death, he still confessed that Yang Daoming's identity was kept secret, and it was not until the 1980s that Yang Daoming's identity was gradually made public.
At the end of 1986,
Zhong Guochu, who was 75 years old, was invited to Fuzhou to participate in the revision of party history books, and it was only then that he learned that Yang Daoming was still alive.
Due to the long-term struggle in the harsh environment during the revolutionary years, he was not in good health at that time, but after the work, he ignored the hot weather, took the doctor and oxygen pack, and insisted on going to a temple in Yongtai County.
When Zhong Guochu saw the abbot of the temple, he called out, "Old Chief, I have come to see you." The presiding officer was Yang Daoming, the chairman of Fujian Province at that time. The two were separated for decades, one was a founding general, the other was a buddhist monk, regardless of identity or belief, there was a big difference. But the revolutionary friendship of the war years has always flowed in their hearts.
This meeting was quite dramatic, and the difference in one step completely changed the fate of the two men, which also fully demonstrated the complexity and cruelty of the revolutionary struggle. Of course this is a postscript.
Yang Daoming
At that time, Zhong Guochu led the guerrillas to persist in fighting in the mountains of western Fujian, and gradually became famous. In order to curb the survival of the guerrillas, the enemy implemented the armor protection system and engaged in immigration and village mergers. The sporadic residents on the mountain were forcibly relocated, and the villages under the mountain were fenced with bamboo fences, and checkpoints were set up to pass through with permits. It is equivalent to cutting off the guerrillas from the people.
The guerrillas are short of food and ammunition, and their survival is extremely difficult. Wild fruits, bamboo shoots, birds and animals on the mountain, and fish and shrimp in the river became their food. But these things were far from enough to sustain the guerrillas, who sometimes went without food for days on end, hungry and weak legs.
Fortunately, some well-meaning villagers took advantage of the opportunity to go up the mountain to cut firewood and send a little food to the guerrillas.
In order to replenish food and ammunition, the guerrillas often went down the hill to attack the militia strongholds. In a battle in Zhangping to ambush the enemy's grain delivery team, a bullet pierced Zhong Guochu's jaw, and the blood flowed. Zhong Guochu hurriedly pulled down his sleeve to cover his mouth, but the blood flowed into his throat.
The situation was critical, and the team must not be thrown into chaos because of his own injury. Zhong Guochu endured severe pain and ran for several miles with the guerrillas, until they occupied a favorable mountain pass terrain. At this time, Guochu was already paralyzed on the ground and unable to speak, in order not to drag down his comrades-in-arms, he was ready to sacrifice, took out a pen and paper from his pocket and wrote a suicide note:
I am the head of the Xingguo Port, and I died in the Zhangping Pig Boy Dam. I hope that the comrades will persist in fighting...
Before he could finish writing, he fainted. The comrades-in-arms carried him to the temporary ambulance station on Kyushu Mountain, where the medical level was still very low, and the young doctor touched his nose and shook his head, indicating that he could no longer be treated.
The two guerrilla fighters could not accept this reality and begged the doctor in tears to think of another way. The doctor feared that the two fighters would not be able to catch up with the troops, and would be arrested when the enemy came after them, and advised them to leave quickly.
The two warriors could only rush back to the army with Zhong Guochu's unfinished suicide note and some relics, and they spent more than 20 days in the dense forest to find the troops.
Tell the guerrilla commissar Zhong that he was "sacrificed".
In fact, Zhong Guochu did not "sacrifice", he was just blocked by the coagulated blood clot in the trachea. After the two warriors left, the ambulance station arranged for someone to carry Zhong Guochu to the mountain to be buried. The road up the hill was one foot high and one foot low, a bump, but luckily let the blood clot slide out. Zhong Guochu also gradually woke up and was sent back to the ambulance center.
Zhong Guochu was treated in the hospital for a period of time, and his heart was always worried about his comrades-in-arms. Without waiting for the wound to heal, he quietly left the hospital to find the troops. Not only do guerrillas live hard, they are constantly in danger. As a wounded person, Zhong Guochu could wait for the wound to heal and return to the team, or even hide first to observe the situation.
Wounded Red Army
But Zhong Guochu did not do this, and his firm revolutionary conviction made him return to the dense forest without hesitation.
After two days and two nights of travel, on the day he found the troops, the troops just set up a crown tomb for him and held a memorial service. Zhong Guochu, who rushed back in time, happened to attend his memorial service, and after he told his comrades-in-arms about his experience, everyone was amazed.
Zhong Guochu led the guerrillas to persist in an extremely difficult environment for 3 years and completed the tasks assigned by the central authorities. It was not until after the outbreak of the War of Resistance that the Kuomintang and the Communists began the second cooperation. He led the team down the hill and reorganized it into the Third Regiment of the Second Detachment of the New Fourth Army, and served as the director of the regiment's political department.
During the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, Zhong Guochu successively served as acting political commissar and brigade commander of the Sixteenth Brigade of the Sixth Division, and commander of the Second Military Subdistrict of the Central Soviet Military Region.
In the Battle of Ligao in 1943, Jiang Weiqing and Zhong Guochu led the 46th Regiment of the 16th Brigade and the Special Agent Battalion of the Brigade Headquarters to adopt the tactic of encircling points to provide assistance, completely annihilating the puppet army that Dongba came to the aid, and capturing more than 800 people below Chen Yansheng, deputy commander of the puppet army.
Chen Yansheng is the son of Chen Qun, the pseudo-governor of Jiangsu Province. After he was captured, the Wang puppet high-level had a great shock, and Chen Qun went around asking the New Fourth Army to save his son's life. According to Zhong Guochu's recollection, the New Fourth Army did not embarrass Chen Yansheng in accordance with its consistent policy of captivity.
At the beginning of the Liberation War, Zhong Guochu served as the brigade commander of the 16th Brigade of the 6th Division of the Central China Field Army. In the Battle of Suzhong, the Central China Field Army, under the leadership of Su Yu and others, fought seven battles and seven victories, crushing the attack of the enemy's 460,000 troops. The 16th Brigade participated in 5 offensive battles in the Soviet-Chinese Campaign, annihilating more than 10,000 enemy troops.
At the end of 1952, Zhong Guochu, who was the commander of the 23rd Army, led his troops across the Yalu River to participate in the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea, and took over the defensive task of the 38th Army at the beginning of the following year. Zhong Guochu judged that there would inevitably be a hard battle at the 205 heights, and specially deployed the defense of the position.
The order was issued: "Even if you hit a soldier and a pawn, you can't lose an inch of land." ”
Just four days after they entered the position, the 34th president of the United States, Dwight Eisenhower, presided over a pre-inaugural cabinet meeting. In order to "pay tribute" to the new president, Clarke, commander-in-chief of the "United Nations Army," and Van Vleet, commander of the US 8th Army, planned a "coordinated air, tank, artillery, and infantry combat experiment," which was called "the largest offensive in more than three months."
The U.S. 7th Division dispatched a reinforced battalion, supported by 8 artillery battalions, 1 tank battalion and 1 fighter-bomber company, to launch a fierce attack on the 205th Hill Nanshan (T-Shaped Mountain) and two wings stationed in the 205th Heights 3 Platoons of the 1st Company of the 201st Regiment of the 23rd Army.
Within a day, 170,000 shells of various kinds were fired at volunteer positions.
Volunteer soldiers
In order to publicize his "achievements", the high-profile Van Vleet also launched a "live broadcast", inviting a large number of reporters and senior officers to the scene to watch the battle. However, the volunteer defensive units bravely resisted by virtue of the tunnels, repelled the enemy's five charge in succession, annihilated more than 150 enemy troops at the cost of only 11 casualties, and always firmly controlled the position.
Such a small hill Van Vleet used all kinds of forces but could not be attacked, and lost face in front of many reporters. The reporters present were all sarcastic, some reports said
"If this continues, the death list in the United States will surely be longer!" There was an uproar in the United States.
With the defeat of this offensive battle, Van Vleet's military career also came to an end, and he was soon recalled to the United States, retiring with the rank of general.
In this regard, the People's Daily reported on the victory of the 23rd Army under the title of "A Stick to Eisenhower's Rise to Power", which greatly boosted morale.
In 1955, Zhong Guochu was awarded the rank of major general. Since then, he has successively served as the political commissar of the Anhui Provincial Military Region and the secretary of the Jiangsu Provincial Party Committee.
Looking back on Zhong Guochu's life, he was initially forced to participate in the revolution by suffering, so he had the revolutionary determination to put himself to death and live later. During the arduous three years of guerrilla warfare, he experienced nine deaths and even participated in his own memorial service. But no matter how harsh the environment, he always firmly maintained his revolutionary convictions.
This firm revolutionary will to forge ahead and never be overwhelmed by difficulties gives people an infinite motive force to forge ahead.
Zhong Guochu regarded the revolutionary contingent as his home and the common people as his own family, winning the support of the people. When the People's Liberation Army crossed the Yangtze River, Zhong Guochu led the team back to the area where the New Fourth Army fought during the period, and the common people could not hide their excitement after hearing it, and everyone said: "Brigadier Zhong has returned!" ”
The common people who had formed a deep friendship with the 16th Brigade during the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression came to see Zhong Guochu and poured out their thoughts to him. Zhong Guochu recalled that it was the most unforgettable scene of his life.
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