Relevant data surveys show that the total number of diabetic patients in China has reached about 120 million!
Not only that, the incidence of diabetes is still increasing year by year, and even showing a trend of rejuvenation, the prevalence of adult diabetes has reached about 11.6%.
Because of this, we pay more and more attention to the change of blood glucose index, fearing that one day diabetes will find itself. However, we must understand that any disease that appears on the body is not without a reason!
The main feature of diabetes is abnormally elevated blood sugar, which is related to two major factors such as serious damage or loss of the patient's own islet function and insulin resistance. Tracing the causes of diabetes mainly involves the following three aspects:
1. Genetics
According to the specific pathogenesis of diabetes, it is divided into two categories clinically, namely type 1 and type 2 diabetes. But no matter which kind of diabetes, it has shown a clear genetic predisposition in the clinic.
Diabetes does have a familial tendency, 1/4 to 1/2 of diabetic patients have a family history, and even studies have found that at least 60 genetic syndromes may be accompanied by diabetes, type 1 diabetes has multiple DNA sites involved in the disease.
A variety of well-defined genetic mutations have also been found in type 2 diabetes, including insulin genes, mitochondria genes, and insulin receptor genes. Therefore, people with a genetic family history of diabetes have a significantly higher chance of developing diabetes than others;
2. Diet
In the incidence of type 2 diabetes, genetic genes are only one of the factors, and more patients are related to acquired poor eating habits.
For example, patients consume high-fat, high-calorie, and high-sugar foods for a long time, and eat too much at each meal, which will affect the ability of liver metabolism, synthesis of fat and glycogen, increase the working pressure of islet cells, so that metabolic disorders and blood sugar rise. Unhealthy eating habits, which are also a major environmental factor contributing to type 2 diabetes;
3. Excess weight
Obesity caused by prolonged diet and minimal physical activity is one of the main risk factors for the development of type 2 diabetes. Before the onset of type 2 diabetes, patients are often accompanied by obesity.
The reason for this is that the cells of obese people are coated with fat, and the sensitivity of insulin receptors on the surface of cells to insulin is relatively poor, and over time it is often easy to develop insulin resistance, hyperinsulinemia, and then affect the function of islets, resulting in the onset of diabetes.
In addition to the above three factors, some diseases may also be secondary to diabetes, such as liver disease, pancreatic disease, etc.
The point that needs to be emphasized here is that elevated blood sugar is not equal to diabetes, because high blood sugar is affected by multiple factors, and even mood and sleep can lead to a temporary rise in blood sugar, so an occasional blood glucose screening found that blood sugar is high, which is not a manifestation of the arrival of diabetes.
Diabetes mellitus can only be diagnosed if the fasting glycemic index is equal to or exceeds 7.8 mmol/l after two fasting blood glucose tests and a 2 hours postprandial glycemic index test, and a glycemic index equal to or exceeds 11.1 mmol/L after 2 hours of oral glucose tolerance testing. Once the diagnosis is confirmed, the patient needs to actively cooperate with the doctor for treatment to avoid a continuous increase in the glycemic index and the outbreak of complications.