Sun Quan, founder of the State of Wu in the Three Kingdoms. For Sun Quan, many people evaluate him as Mingjun. In particular, Cao Cao's phrase "when having a son should be like Sun Zhongmou" made more people feel that Sun Quan's talent was very high. It is true that Sun Quan's overall talent is indeed very high, but he is not a perfect person, and it can be said that he is very lacking in military command. To put it simply, Sun Quan personally commanded countless large and small wars in his lifetime, but won very few victories. Because he is the king of a country, every time he fights a war, he works hard and moves the masses, and the scale is relatively large. But as a result, the vast majority of his teammates were pit by him.
The words left to Sun Quan before Sun Ce's death can be said to be very correct
"The multitude of people in Jiangdong will decide between the two Chens, and compete with the world, and the secretary is not as good as me; the wise and the able, each doing his best, in order to protect the east of the river, I am not as good as the secretary."
The general meaning of this sentence is that you are not as good as me in war, and I am not as good as you in governing the country. Sun Quan is indeed powerful in governing the country, and he can know people and make good use of them, be humble and accept advice, and not advocate force, etc., and is indeed a rare Mingjun. However, in the war, Sun Quan was far from his father Sun Jian and various Sun Ce. His father Sun Jian was known as the fierce tiger of Jiangdong, and when the Eighteenth Route Princes beged Dong Zhuo, only Sun Jian and Dong Zhuo were it, and they did not suffer losses. His brother Sun Ce, known as the Little Overlord of Jiangdong, occupied most of Jiangdong not long after he came out of Yuan Shu's hands. Even compared with Cao Cao and Liu Bei, Sun Quan's military command ability was far inferior.
As the saying goes, "a tiger father has no dog", Sun Quan is not bad overall, but he really can't say it in terms of military command. Especially the wars he personally commanded, one was worse than the other. In fact, in terms of force, Sun Quan can be said to be physically strong. One of his favorite things was shooting tigers in the mountains, Su Shi said
"Shoot the tiger, look at Sun Lang."
Not only that, in the face of the tiger's close-range attack, he could also dodge it. This is enough to show that Sun Quan's physical fitness is not bad.
However, physical fitness and military command ability do not have much to do with each other, and good physical fitness does not mean that military command ability is strong. Now let's take a look at what wars Sun Quan commanded roughly in his lifetime, and what the specific results were, and after reading it, we will know why Sun Quan tried his best to pit his teammates.
In 208, after Cao Cao's defeat at the Battle of Chibi, Sun Quan sent troops to attack Hefei.
Sun Quan wanted to take advantage of Cao Cao's defeat and open up battlefields on the western and northern fronts at the same time. This time Sun Quan attacked Hefei with 100,000 troops, which was his first attack on Hefei, and the size of the army was also very large. Before this, Hefei was just an ordinary county, and the city was not very strong. At this time, no one realized the importance of Hefei. At this time, the defender of the city was Jiang Ji, who was just an ordinary person among Cao Cao's generals, and his rank was not high. Sun Quan did not bring powerful military generals this time, but only brought Zhang Zhao and Zhang Hong, two civilian ministers, perhaps Sun Quan thought that he could easily occupy Hefei. What everyone did not expect was that Sun Quan fought for three months and still did not capture Hefei. At that time, it had been raining heavily in Hefei, and the city was about to collapse, and Sun Quan did not take advantage of this situation. In the end, Jiang Ji used a ruse to convince Sun Quan that Cao Cao's 40,000 reinforcements were coming, and Sun Quan retreated.
Overall, this battle was still relatively humiliating. A hundred thousand troops, facing an ordinary general defending the city, and the city was about to collapse. I didn't take advantage of anything, and finally I was cheated back. I have to say that Sun Quan's mentality is really good, if he were a careful general, it is estimated that he would have been angry a long time ago.
In 213 AD, Cao Cao entered Fusu with a large army of 400,000 people, and once he occupied it, he could go south.
In the face of Cao Cao's attack, Sun Quan personally led an army of 70,000 to meet the enemy. The main general of Sun Quan's belt was Gan Ning, and there were still more generals in Cao Cao's belt.
This time Cao Cao attacked Sun Quan's Jiangxi camp and captured Gongsun Yang, the governor of Jiangxi. Sun Quan besieged Cao Cao's water army with a boat division, capturing more than 3,000 people, and Cao Jun drowned thousands of people.
Cao Cao's saying that "having a son should be like Sun Zhongmou" was in this war. The final result was that after Sun Quan and Cao Cao had confronted each other for two months, Cao Cao withdrew. It can be said that the two sides of this battle are mutually victorious, but it can also be regarded as Sun Quan's victory. Because Cao Cao's goal was not achieved.
This war was also the most visible one for Sun Quan, although it cannot be said that less won more, but it was also less to more, and the result was quite OK.
In 214, Sun Quan attacked the city of Anhui with Lü Meng and Gan Ning.
Needless to say, these two people are very high-level. One is both literate and martial, and the other is called Jiangbiao Huchen. This time, Sun Quan fought a relatively beautiful war, and it did not take long to occupy the city of Anhui. Historical records
"It was Nian who raised an army to attack the city of Anhui. He slaughtered the city, the head of the owl, and moved more than 30,000 people to his part. ”
Zhu Guang, who was defending the city, was not Sun Quan's opponent at all. This was the most beautiful battle Sun Quan fought in his life. Although it was more than enough to win less, and with such a powerful general, no matter what, it was won. This kind of war occurred very rarely in Sun Quan's lifetime.
In 215, Sun Quan attacked Hefei with another 100,000 troops.
Perhaps the last attack on Anhui City was too smooth, and Sun Quan wanted to attack Hefei Yixue before shame. However, this time Sun Quan was more cautious, and he basically took all the generals who could fight in Jiangdong with him.
Sun Quan brought Lü Meng, Pan Zhang, Song Qian, Xu Sheng, Chen Wu, He Qi, Gan Ning, Ling Tong, and Jiang Qin
The military generals here are basically the tiger ministers of Jiangdong, and each can fight a good battle. I feel that Sun Quan is bound to take Hefei this time. Learning the lessons of the last Battle of Hefei, Cao Cao sent three generals, Zhang Liao, Li Dian, and Le Jin, to defend the city, but there were only more than 7,000 people in the city. Although Cao Cao sent Xue Ti to oversee the army, there were no reinforcements. Cao Cao's main army was attacking Hanzhong, and Hefei at this time could be said to be an isolated city. Sun Quan's advantage at this time is how obvious and how obvious, but the result is how miserable the defeat is.
At the beginning of the war, Zhang Liao and Li Dian sneaked into Sun Quan's camp with eight hundred warriors.
As a result, Chen Hu, the tiger minister of Jiangdong, was killed, Song Qian was defeated, and Xu Sheng was beaten so that his weapons were lost. Zhang Liao had already killed sun quan's camp, and if it were not for Pan Zhang, He Qi, and others who struggled to resist, the consequences would not be imagined. After more than ten days of Sun Quan's attack, he did not take advantage of it and withdrew. As a result, when he withdrew, he was besieged by Zhang Liao, and Ling Tong, Gan Ning, Lü Meng, Jiang Qin, and others resisted to the death, and Sun Quan was able to escape.
100,000 people fought 7,000 people, and the result was such that Sun Quan directly achieved Zhang Liao in this battle. Sun Quan also received the title of Sun Shiwan. This was the worst defeat in Sun Quan's life, but it was not the last failure.
In 217, Cao Cao attacked Zang Ba, Zhang Liao, and others again. This time, Sun Quan brought Lü Meng, Jiang Qin, Zhou Tai, Xu Sheng, Zhu Ran, Dong Xun and others to resist.
This time Sun Quan did not resist Cao Cao's attack, Sun Quan asked Cao Cao to surrender, and Cao Cao also agreed, so he withdrew. The reason why Sun Quan did not lose this time was because the war was not under his own full command, but by Dong Xun, Lü Meng and others. The reason why Cao Cao agreed to Sun Quan's surrender was because of the instability of the rear and cao Cao's inability to occupy Jiangdong. It can be said that this time it is a draw.
In 226, Sun Quan led an army to attack Jiangxia.
The reason why he chose to attack Jiangxia this year was because Cao Pi had just died, and Cao Wei's internal affairs were not very stable. Su Sun Quan attacked Jiangxia with an army of 50,000, and only a few thousand people were employed to defend the city. This time, Wen Ping staged a classic scene in the "Romance of the Three Kingdoms", which is the empty city plan. Wen Ping himself did not come out of the palace, nor did he do any defense. In the end, Sun Quan withdrew on his own. 50,000 people beat 1,000 people, and they withdrew without doing anything, and only Sun Quan could do this kind of thing. Personally, I think that this time Sun Quan lost more humiliatingly than the second Battle of Hefei.
It can be said that Sun Quan really did not do less of this kind of thing. In any case, sending troops or not sending troops and fighting a war is not the same thing for Sun Quan at all.
In 229 AD, Sun Quan said that he would carry out the Northern Expedition. Later, the Wei general Man Yu believed that Sun Quan would definitely attack Xiyang, so he seized the time to defend Xiyang.
When Sun Quan heard about it, he had no choice but to send troops back. This is another battle to retreat before it is fought. This was the first time that Man Yu had fought against Sun Quan, and in the time that followed, the Cao Wei general defeated Sun Quan several times.
In 230 AD, Sun Quan once again attacked Hefei, this time feeling that he was going to be humiliated.
After Sun Quan sent troops, the State of Wei sent reinforcements into Hefei. After Sun Quan withdrew, Man Yu said that Sun Quan was pretending to withdraw, and the reinforcements should not withdraw first. Later, Sun Quan did attack Hefei again, but he never conquered it, and Sun Quan had to withdraw his troops. This is his third failure in Hefei, and this failure is related to Full Favor.
In 233, Sun Quan attacked Hefei again.
I have to say that Sun Quan has a special love for Hefei, after all, he has been hurt too much here. Sun Quan did not get off the ship at first because the water was too deep, but later saw that the army guarding Hefei Manchu had moved outside the city, so he came out to prepare for the parade to show off. As a result, during the military parade, it was attacked by the army full of pet ambushes, killing and wounding hundreds of people. Sun Quan was furious and later attacked Hefei directly, but never. After the Wei reinforcements came, Sun Quan had to withdraw.
My personal feeling is that although Sun Quan attacked Hefei again and again, he failed every time, but the way he lost each time was different. It's really a failure to change the law.
In 234 AD, Zhuge Liang's Fifth Northern Expedition invited the State of Wu to join him in sending troops. Sun Quan's troops attacked Hefei in three ways, and he personally led 100,000 troops to attack Hefei again.
This time, the person who guarded Hefei was still full of favors, and the full pets at this time were already 76 years old. In the matter of confronting Sun Quan, Man Yu was very experienced, and it was all a victorious experience. With thousands of death squads, Man Yu poured fire on arrows and shot at Wu Jun. As a result, Sun Quan's nephew Sun Tai was shot to death, many siege equipment of the State of Wu was destroyed, and many soldiers were burned to death. Sun Quan besieged Hefei for five months, without success. After the Wei reinforcements came, Sun Quan had to retreat.
I feel that Sun Quan's loss this time is still relatively large. Being defeated by the 76-year-old Man Pet with more than a thousand people feels even more humiliating than losing to Zhang Liao. And even his own nephew was shot by an arrow, and the loss was even greater.
After that, Sun Quan rarely personally led the army to carry out expeditions. Judging from the above wars, Sun Quan won only a handful of victories, most of them were defeated and the defeats were various, really one after another. As Sun Quan's subordinate, following Sun Quan's personal conquest is an honor, but the risk factor is very high.
If you don't look at Sun Quan's foreign conquests, Sun Quan is really good as a monarch. I don't know why he can't figure it out, he has always wanted to go out on a march, his ability is not good, he always wants to show it, and the only thing that can be pitted is his teammate.
Resources:
Romance of the Three Kingdoms, Book of the Later Han Dynasty