According to the forecast of the China Automobile Association, the national sales of new energy vehicles will reach 3.4 million in 2021, an increase of 1.5 times year-on-year. Shanghai has become the capital of China's new energy vehicles, and as of now, the number of new energy vehicles promoted in Shanghai has exceeded 620,000, ranking first among cities in the country. The rapid development of new energy vehicles is inseparable from the progress of the charging equipment industry, in this regard, Shanghai is also among the best in the country, Shanghai has built a total of about 500,000 charging piles, and Shanghai's new energy vehicle pile ratio has reached 1.3:1, that is, every 1.3 new energy vehicles are equipped with charging facilities. Sufficient charging facilities make the contradiction of "mileage anxiety" of New Energy Vehicles in Shanghai not prominent.
Of course, as a new industry, there are many growing pains. In Shanghai, do you want to queue up for new energy vehicle charging? What are the worries of charging? Coast Jun went to each charging station for field experience on these two days.
Highway service area, charging without queuing
The new energy vehicle market has shifted from policy promotion to market promotion, and Shanghai has increased its cultivation and support for the new energy automobile industry since 2009, and is now entering the fast lane. In September 2021, the penetration rate of new energy vehicles in Shanghai was as high as 47.19%, far higher than the national average of 10%, compared with Norway, which accounted for the highest proportion of new energy vehicles in the world, accounting for 50%, which is close to the highest level in the world. Moreover, in the first three quarters of 2021, pure electric vehicles accounted for more than 65% of Shanghai's new energy vehicle sales. These indicators show that Shanghai has become a well-deserved capital of new energy vehicles in China.
The rapid growth of new energy vehicles must have corresponding charging facilities, and Shanghai will use charging piles as municipal infrastructure supporting facilities and propose advanced supporting construction. At the end of 2019, when Coast Jun interviewed Shanghai charging facilities, the number of charging piles in Shanghai was 260,000, and in just 2 years, the number of charging piles in Shanghai has reached 500,000. The vehicle-to-pile ratio has reached 1.3:1, which is much higher than the national average of 3:1.
In order to meet the growing charging needs of the public, Shanghai also included the construction of electric vehicle charging facilities in the practical projects for the private sector last year, and orderly promoted the three construction tasks of public (including dedicated) charging piles, demonstration stations and demonstration communities. In 2021, Shanghai will add a total of 20,000 public (including dedicated) charging piles, complete and accept 27 taxi demonstration stations, and 17 shared charging pile demonstration communities. According to the data of the shanghai charging and replacing facilities public data collection and monitoring municipal platform, as of November 2021, there are 239 operators of charging and replacing facilities at the municipal platform access points, with a total of 125582 public and private charging piles connected to the city, of which 76118 are public piles and 46464 are special piles.
Shanghai's 120,000 public charging piles have greatly met the charging needs of new energy vehicles. Some media reported that during the National Day holiday last year, some local highway service area charging facilities were queued up, and even had to wait for several hours. Recently, the "mileage anxiety" of some northern cities in the winter has reappeared, and even at 4 o'clock in the morning, they have to get up to grab public charging piles. However, coastal jun field interview, Shanghai does not exist in this phenomenon.
Last weekend, Coast Jun went to the Shenjiahu Expressway Hangtou Service Area (south side), the Ring Expressway Zhuangxing Service Area and the Guangming Service Area, and found that most of the service areas were equipped with charging piles, but there were not many cars to charge. In these three service areas, The Coast Jun waited for an hour or two, and only one new energy vehicle went to charge.
At noon on January 8, at the charging station in the Shenjiahu Expressway Navigation Head Service Area (south side), only one car was charged in front of the four charging piles
From 18:30 to 19:30 on January 8, in the charging station of the Guangming Service Area of the Ring Expressway, in front of the 4 charging piles on the 8 charging stations, there is only one "Cargo Lala" charging
Coast Jun noted that the charging price of the charging pile in the Shenjiahu High-speed Hangtou Service Area (south side) is 1.455 yuan / kWh, and the charging price of the charging pile in the Zhuangxing Service Area and the Guangming Service Area of the Ring Expressway is 1.865 yuan / kWh. "Charging in the high-speed service area is more expensive than outside, if it is not good for the car to continue to drive, who will charge here?" In the Guangming service area of the Ring Expressway, a cargo driver said so. Another Owner of Weilai, who spent 14 minutes charging 20.1 kWh in the Shenjiahu High-speed Navigation Head Service Area (south side), said that although the charging speed is already fast, it is still not fast, so although the electricity is not full, it is expected to drive to the destination, and it is not ready to wait.
The charging situation of a "cargo lala" in the charging station of the Guangming service area of the Ring Expressway
Consistent with the feedback from charging drivers who come to charge, although the charging waiting time is longer than refueling, even if the National Day holiday is long, there are no queues waiting for chargers in front of the charging piles in these service areas - basically on-the-go charging.
Visiting the Middle Coast Jun found that related services need to be further improved, in these high-speed service areas, the position of the charging pile is relatively biased, and the guide board is either absent or placed in a difficult position. A charging pile screen of the Ring Expressway Zhuangxing service shows a fault, but The Coast Jun has repeatedly dialed the 400 customer service telephone printed by the pile, but it has not been able to get through.
The No. 4 charging pile in the service area of zhuangxing on the ring highway failed for a week and was not repaired
New energy taxis, from charging to changing
One of the groups with the greatest demand for charging facilities is the new energy taxi, because the taxi runs more miles every day, basically charging 1 to 2 times a day. In order to solve the problem of difficult charging of new energy taxis, Shanghai has built a number of charging stations dedicated to the use of new energy taxis. In 2021, the first large-scale charging demonstration station in downtown Shanghai , longhua east road public (taxi) electric vehicle charging station has been completed, the station makes full use of the space under the Lupu Bridge bridge, the construction of 20 120 kilowatts of "one machine, two guns" DC charging pile, can meet the demand for fast charging of 40 electric vehicles at the same time, effectively solve the charging needs of new energy taxis in the central urban area and the surrounding old residential areas of electric vehicle users. The station is also equipped with convenient facilities such as lounges, toilets, and light meal services, which greatly facilitate taxi drivers.
At the same time, a faster and more convenient power station replacement model has grown rapidly in Shanghai, and there are currently 20 replacement power stations in Shanghai, 5 under construction, which is expected to increase to 50 this year, basically forming a power exchange service network for operating vehicles in Shanghai.
Last night, Coast Jun found at the SAIC Anyue Charging and Replacing Power Station at No. 1032 Wubao Road that in addition to providing charging services for new energy vehicles, there are also services that directly replace batteries for new energy vehicles.
In the Wubao Road Anyue charging and replacing service station, the power exchange area is like a container, covering a small area, and the daily power exchange capacity is close to 1,000 times
This power exchange area called "Aodong" has only two equipment that looks like a container, and after the staff scans the code to let the taxi drive into the middle of the "container", only about 20 seconds, the battery installed in the taxi chassis position is changed in the robot automation operation. 2 power-changing robots, one dismantled, one installed, seamless docking. The speed is so fast that the taxi has not yet started, and the battery that has been replaced has entered the "constant temperature, constant humidity, unified magnification" environment and began to charge safely and orderly.
It is understood that there are currently more than 2,500 taxis in Shanghai that are new energy vehicles for SAIC Roewe's power-changing models. The "Aodong" substation here on Wubao Road generally changes electricity 400 times a day, and more than 600 times a day during peak hours, and the power exchange capacity of the substation can reach nearly 1,000 times a day.
In the Wubao Road Anyue charging and replacing service station, the charging area cannot be seen at night
The cost of the power exchange mode is very high, and the coast jun on-site interview learned that the current replacement price of 1.23 yuan / kWh is subsidized by the enterprise itself. Several drivers interviewed said they hoped that the relevant departments would give some electricity replacement subsidies and enjoy the same policies as charging.
It is understood that the relevant power exchange operation enterprises have cooperated with mainstream manufacturers such as SAIC, BAIC, GAC, Dongfeng, Changan, and FAW to promote the replacement version of the operating vehicle. In the future, with the increase in the number of substations, the charging efficiency of taxis will be greatly improved, and the replacement time will be shorter than that of fuel vehicles.
Taxi drivers, full of interest in being on the go
In view of the large number of new energy taxi charging facilities, what is the experience of drivers? The day before yesterday, The coast jun went to Putuo, Baoshan, Qingpu and other charging station areas to visit the field, and the drivers replied more satisfied.
Coast Jun came to the charging yard in the Haibo Taxi Company on Xinxi Road in Huaxin Town, Qingpu, and although there were already 20 or 30 vehicles charging, there were still some charging piles waiting for them. From time to time, the new energy vehicles that come in are charged with the arrival, and many drivers said that they often charge here, charge well, and go, and the whole process is satisfied.
All kinds of new energy vehicles are charged at the Haibo Taxi Charging Station in Huaxin Town, Qingpu District
The drivers of the express logistics trucks are more satisfied with this charging field. Originally, the charging field near the Yunda, Shentong, Debon and other express logistics companies, many express logistics vehicles are new energy vehicles, due to the close distance, generally forty or fifty minutes can be charged, there is no impact on the work, they are quite satisfied.
Mr. Pan, the manager of the charging farm, told Haihai jun that the charging field was completed in early 2021, with 42 fast charging charging guns and 5 slow charging guns, and under normal circumstances, 500 charging vehicles per day. During the day, it is generally charged immediately; at night, although the vehicles that come to charge are as endless as the large set, due to the large number of charging bits, the staff guides in time, and the drivers also consciously charge and leave, even if there is a queue waiting phenomenon, the waiting time is generally only five to ten minutes.
At the special call charging station at No. 1508 Teli Road in Baoshan District, Mr. Fu, a taxi driver of Haibo Taxi, said that generally do not queue up to charge. However, charging at night, especially at cold nights to charge, charging time is relatively long, once the charging of new energy vehicles, you have to queue.
At the Xincun Road Charging Station at No. 661 Xincun Road in Putuo District, Coast Jun saw that on the 30 charging bits, only a dozen new energy vehicles were charged, and the new energy vehicles that came in were charged immediately.
This charging station was rated as "2021 new energy taxi charging demonstration station", and the Hebei Cangzhou online car driver who came in to charge introduced that he found that the charging price of this charging station from 18:00 to 20:59 at 1.3 yuan / degree, compared to the price of 1.4 yuan / degree in the same period of time in some places, is more affordable, and he has not been queued up when he has come to charge many times. The driver said his ride-hailing car was charged three times a day, about an hour each time. Although charging seems to be a waste of time, after reasonable planning, it is eaten or rested within one hour of charging, not only the normal operation is not affected, but also because the charging station provides free parking for 2 hours and saves the trouble of finding a place to park and rest.
But the coast jun found that the lounge in this charging station, although there are sofas, coffee tables, bookshelves and other facilities, but there is no door, winter can not block the wind and freeze. The water dispenser in the lounge has been broken for a long time. Service facilities need to be further improved.
Public charging stations, there is still a phenomenon of doves occupying the magpie's nest
New energy vehicles are increasing, and the charging capacity and utilization rate of public charging stations in Shanghai are increasing.
According to the data of the State Grid Shanghai Electric Power Company, from January to December 2021, the charging capacity of the whole society in Shanghai reached 1.122 billion kWh, an increase of 61.44% year-on-year. At the end of 2019, when Haijun was interviewed, the utilization rate of public charging piles in Shanghai was about 2%, and in November 2021, the monthly report of the public data collection and monitoring municipal platform of Shanghai charging and replacing facilities showed that the utilization rate of public power stations was 4.53%, and as the number of pure electric vehicles increased faster, the utilization rate of DC piles used by pure electric vehicles reached 9.08%.
As a result, some charging stations have charging queues, and queuing at Tesla charging stations in Jinqiao, Pudong, is a common phenomenon. The afternoon before yesterday, The coast Jun saw at the Jinqiao charging station that 10 charging piles were full, and there were 2 cars waiting on the side, and an important reason for charging and queuing here was that there was no parking fee for charging here, which made some people willing to queue.
Tesla Golden Bridge Charging Station 2 cars lined up to charge
If you feel that the queue time is too long, then, a sign is erected at the door of the charging station, telling the owner that there are 50 charging piles in the Lilac International Commercial Center and that you can go there to charge. Coast Jun rushed to the Lilac International Commercial Center on Lilac Road in Pudong, which is the place with the most charging piles in Shanghai. Since Sunday is the peak of charging, the 50 charging piles in the underground garage, more than 30 Teslas are charging here, the charging time is actually not short, it takes about an hour, but because of the many charging piles, basically can be charged with the same time, the staff will put an obstacle on the vacant parking space, therefore, there is no fuel car and other vehicle occupancy phenomenon.
However, the charging stations in the garages of many shopping malls still have the phenomenon of doves occupying the magpie's nest, and there are charging piles that may not be able to charge. At present, most of the large shopping malls in Shanghai have charging facilities in the parking lots, and a notice board of "charging vehicle parking place" has been set up, but there are still many phenomena occupied by fuel vehicles.
Coast Jun saw yesterday afternoon in the underground parking lot of a shopping mall in Lujiazui, Pudong, that only half of the ten charging piles in the garage were parked with new energy vehicles, and the rest were occupied by gasoline vehicles, which also made many later owners of new energy vehicles who wanted to charge have to give up. "I was very helpless, I wanted to save some fuel costs." At the scene, Mr. Huo, the owner of the Roewe car, told Hai haijun that his car is a hybrid type of oil and electricity, and if he can charge it for two hours while visiting the mall, he basically does not need to use gasoline on the way home.
In the underground parking lot of a shopping mall in Lujiazui, a small number of charging spaces are occupied by gasoline vehicles
Coast Jun saw that at that time, the underground parking lot parking space was not tense, but because the charging parking space was relatively close to the elevator in the mall, many gasoline car owners may have occupied the charging parking space with the mentality of close distance.
Coincidentally, a similar situation was seen in the underground parking lot of an office building on Xintiandi Enterprise Tiandi and an office building on Jiangning Road in Jing'an District. Coast Jun saw that most of the five or six electric vehicle charging spaces were occupied by fuel vehicles. "To recharge, you have to come early or in the evening." A parking lot manager told Coast Jun.
It should be said that the phenomenon of gasoline vehicles occupying new energy vehicle parking spaces has changed compared with previous years, especially in parking lots with more parking spaces. Coast Jun saw in the parking lot of Yuanshen Stadium yesterday afternoon that none of the 10 charging spaces were occupied by gasoline vehicles. 8 new energy vehicles are charged here, because the parking fee of the stadium parking lot is only 5 yuan per hour, the cost is low, so there are more charging vehicles here.
The charging position of the new energy vehicle in the Yuanshen Stadium does not have the phenomenon of gasoline car occupancy
For the phenomenon of gasoline vehicles occupying new energy charging parking spaces, many people suggest that they be solved by technical means such as ground locks. For example, some of Tesla's charging stations have installed ground locks, and the owner's mobile phone can be charged by scanning the code to unlock, and Tesla stipulates that after charging for 5 minutes, the maximum amount of money can be charged per minute. Tesla will prompt on the owner's mobile phone how much time to recharge, the owner will rush to the garage in time, after charging and leaving, basically there is no case of not charging the occupier.
How far is it to install shared charging piles in the community?
Compared with public charging piles, private charging piles installed in residential parking spaces are undoubtedly more convenient and the charging cost is very low. However, in some communities, especially old residential areas, car owners do not have fixed parking spaces and cannot install charging piles, and many car owners are distressed by this.
Because she has not photographed the Shanghai brand for several months, Ms. Hao, who lives on Yangshupu Road in Yangpu District, recently purchased a pure electric vehicle, because there is no property parking space, no charging pile line, and has to go to the power station every week to replace the battery. In the residential community, on the one hand, there are many new energy vehicles, on the other hand, the garage of the residential community cannot be charged, and more and more car owners are facing the charging problem of "no car without piles" like Ms. Hao.
In the face of the distressed owners, the property management staff of the community is sad: the parking space is too tight, let alone the charging pile. "In the past two years, the growth rate of new energy vehicles has been particularly fast, and there have been more than 300 vehicles in the community, most of which are the first cars purchased by the owners' families." Chen Qun, manager of Xiangyuan Lido Community in Putuo District, Yuankai Property, said that at present, there are more than 2,500 residents in the community with more than 2,300 private cars, and they often stage "car-grabbing wars". Most of the owners of newly purchased new energy vehicles do not have fixed parking spaces, can only park in temporary parking spaces on the ground, and do not have the conditions for installing private charging piles.
There is no place to install private charging piles in the community, can I install shared charging piles? In this regard, property staff in many large residential communities in Shanghai said that this idea is difficult to achieve.
In Shanghai, the residential area built before 2010 has less than 0.5 parking spaces per household, and the parking space in the community is very tight. The installation of shared charging piles disguises the temporary parking space as a fixed parking space for new energy vehicle owners, which is not fair to more car owners. Moreover, the temporary parking space is fixed as a parking space for a small number of people, which is contrary to the current relevant management rules. From October 1, 2021, the "Shanghai Residential Property Management Area Motor Vehicle Parking Management Regulations" came into effect, clarifying that if a parking space is set up in an area other than the original planning and design of the community, it shall not be leased as a fixed parking space to a specific owner or user.
"For communities with high average parking spaces per household, the installation of shared charging piles in public parts needs to be discussed by the owners of the community and can only be installed after a vote." Ms. Dai, property manager of a residential area in Pudong New Area, added.
In addition, if the number of charging piles installed in the community is large, for some old communities, whether the currently used transformer capacitors can withstand is also a problem.
Growing pains are solved in development
New energy vehicles have become a new business card in Shanghai. The future will continue to develop rapidly, the Shanghai Municipal Commission of Economy and Information Technology revealed that according to the "Shanghai Municipal Implementation Plan for Accelerating the Development of the New Energy Vehicle Industry", by 2025, the annual output of new energy vehicles in Shanghai will exceed 1.2 million; the output value of new energy vehicles will exceed 350 billion yuan, accounting for more than 35% of the output value of the city's automobile manufacturing industry. Pure electric vehicles account for more than 50% of the newly purchased vehicles purchased by individuals.
The policy also makes it clear that from next year, consumers will no longer be issued a special license quota for new energy vehicles for the purchase of plug-in hybrid (including range extender) vehicles. Pure electric vehicles have gradually become the mainstream of the market and will be more supported in the future.
As a result, the market will have greater demand for charging piles in the future. Because the pure electric vehicle has a long mileage, there is no need to install charging piles at home, and gasoline vehicles refuel, which are solved by public charging piles. Shanghai's charging pile construction efforts are large, and at present, the overall charging demand can be met, and the contradiction of "mileage anxiety" is not prominent. However, the charging time of pure electric vehicles is relatively long, it takes about an hour to fill, and the charging time will be elongated in the event of winter and other situations, like the Clove International Commercial Center Tesla charging pile as many as 50, but when charging vehicles, the charging time will be extended, and 2 charging guns on a charging pile will be used at the same time, and the charging time will also be extended. If the number of pure electric vehicles increases sharply in the future, then the phenomenon of charging queues is not ruled out. It is necessary to take precautions, on the one hand, to improve the charging technology and shorten the charging time; on the other hand, the construction of charging piles must continue.
Charging services also need to be further improved. For example, there are many charging pile operators at present, resulting in too many charging APPS and too complicated, which is also a headache for many new energy car owners.
"In order to charge too many APP, many just use once after not remember to install, and most of the platforms take the settlement mode of charging first and then charging, charging and not remembering, more than a lot of confused accounts." Mr. Huo told the major shopping malls of The Coast Jun that the operators selected are also different, and he installed nearly ten APPS on the mobile phone in order to charge the phone. He showed Haihai Jun a text message he received not long ago, the operator recently wanted to migrate the platform, asking customers to initiate a refund application on the WeChat Mini Program. Mr. Huo said that if it were not for the SMS reminder, he would not remember that he had saved money in this account.
Mr. Huo hopes that operators can open more Mini Programs or open Alipay interfaces, and change this mode of first recharge and then payment to first charge and then settle, so that consumers can save a lot of trouble.
As an emerging industry, the troubles of growth are inevitable, but with the advancement of technology and the improvement of service levels, it is believed that the experience of new energy vehicles will be further improved, so that the advantages of new energy vehicles can be fully utilized and contributed to the realization of the national "double carbon strategy".
Gold Coast Studio
Author | Lian Jianming Ye Wei Luo Shuiyuan
Yang Yuhong Yang Shuo
Photography | Lian Jianming Luo Shuiyuan Yang Shuo
Edited | Beam group