Qin Shi Huang unified the six kingdoms and founded the Qin Dynasty on that day, which was enough for him to be regarded as an emperor for thousands of years without any objection, not to mention his contribution to the world after he became the first emperor, especially the centralized system he created had a profound impact on China and world history, laying the basic pattern of China's political system for more than two thousand years. The State of Qin came all the way from the Spring and Autumn Warring States Era, there were brilliant peaks, but also had the low point of loneliness, fortunately, successive Qin kings were struggling and forging ahead for the great cause of the Qin State, until the Qin King took the throne, destroyed the Six Kingdoms in ten years, such a record can be called "no one before the ancients and no one came", Qin Shi Huang also got a domineering nickname, the Chinese ancestral dragon, you can imagine his supreme position in Chinese history.
In the generation of The King of Qin, the strength accumulated by the Qin State is enough to support the ambition of the Qin State, which can allow him to destroy the Six Kingdoms in ten years, but before that, the Qin State also had the opportunity to unify the Six Kingdoms, that is, the Battle of Handan, if it can win in this war, the great cause of the Qin State to achieve the great unification of the world can be at least twenty years in advance, perhaps because of the butterfly effect, the Qin Dynasty established twenty years earlier can continue for several generations, at least not to Qin II, the newly established Qin Empire has collapsed. Today, let's talk about why the qin state, which has always been invincible, was defeated in the Battle of Handan, losing nearly 300,000 troops.
It is said that after King Zhaoxiang of Qin ascended the throne, because of his young age, he was listened to by his mother, that is, the famous "Iron Lady" Empress Xuan of the Qin State, during her reign, the foreign relative Wei Ran was the prime minister, Wei Zhen Qin, Wei Ran also included a general Bai Qi for the Qin State, and later became the head of the four famous generals of the Warring States, the famous "Killing God" in history, Bai Qi conquered the Six Kingdoms, and made great contributions to the future unification of the Six Kingdoms of the Qin State. In the forty-first year of King Zhaoxiang of Qin, King Zhao, following the words of the Wei man Fan Ju, seized the power of Empress Xuan, Wei Ran, and others, and worshiped Fan Ju as prime minister, mo thought that King Qin Zhao's reign was forty-one years after Qin Zhao's reign, whether it was too late, it was not too late, because the most famous Battle of Changping, which determined the fate of Qin and Zhao, took place in the late period of Qin Zhao's reign.
In 262 BC, King Zhao of Qin ordered Bai Qi to attack Korea, but Korea united with Zhao to resist Qin, so the King of Qin ordered Bai Qi and Wang Gong to lead an army to attack, and the Zhao state had a strong general Lian Po, this battle was not easy to fight, after three years, the Zhao state's army was shaken, and the King of Zhao replaced Lian Po with Zhao Kuo, who would only "talk on paper", so Bai Qi easily defeated the 450,000 Zhao army, and the Zhao state turned from strong to weak. After the Battle of Changping, Bai Qi advocated taking advantage of the victory to attack, but unfortunately, Fan Sui, the Ying Marquis of the Qin State, was afraid that Bai Qi would make another military merit and surpass his position, so he advised King Qin Zhao that he should let the army be well repaired, just let the Zhao State and all parts of Korea make peace.
The State of Zhao planned to cede the six cities to ask for peace, but the chancellor Yu Qing believed that this was not a long-term solution, and that with the greed of the State of Qin, he was afraid that he would ask for more land in the future, so the King of Zhao hesitated, followed Yu Qing's advice, and planned to unite with the State of Qi to resist Qin, and at the same time befriended other countries, planning to fight against the State of Qin. After King Zhao of Qin learned of King Zhao's idea, he was very angry and ordered the fifth master Wang Ling to lead an army of 200,000 soldiers to cut down Zhao and directly attack the Zhao capital handan, but the State of Zhao had already learned the lessons, and the veteran general Lian Po continued to lead the troops to fight and stubbornly resisted, and the State of Zhao swore to die against Qin with the strength of the whole country.
Even if King Qin Zhao sent 100,000 troops to support him, he still could not win, so he sent another 100,000 troops to besiege Handan, but the result was that the Qin army was more than half dead and wounded, and since the loss was already so large, the King of Qin listened to Fan Ju's advice and sent 50,000 troops to reinforce, as well as a large amount of grain and grass, vowing to drag down Handan.
As for why there was no Bai Qi in the Battle of Handan, this fierce general led the troops to fight, that is, because of the suspicion of the King of Qin and Fan Ju's jealousy, Bai Qi did not take advantage of the victory to attack, and was recalled to the Qin State, and when the King of Qin wanted to attack the Zhao State again, the Zhao State had temporarily eased up, and it was difficult to fight for a moment and a half, so he said that he was sick and did not fight, so the King of Qin sent others, and the final outcome was indeed as Bai Qi expected, and the Qin State was bound to lose. Because this is not a simple war between the two countries, there are also the participation of other countries, originally the Zhao state has been unable to persist, but before the Zhao state and the Wei state and the Chu state befriended, so the Wei and Chu countries sent a large army to support at a critical moment, at this time the Qin army was attacked by the enemy, and defeat was inevitable.
King Qin Zhao forcibly ordered Bai Qi to fight, but on the way he gave Bai Qi death, because the arrogant King of Qin could not bear the mistakes he had made, and if he had followed Bai Qi's idea and taken advantage of the victory to attack, Handan would have taken it long ago, and if he had listened to Bai Qi's advice and not attacked Handan, the Qin state would not have suffered such a big loss now. If this battle is led by Bai Qi, it may still be possible to win, because Bai Qi has led troops to fight many times, and the degree of running-in with the generals of the Qin Army is even higher.
Moreover, the combined forces of the State of Wei and the State of Chu took advantage of the victory to attack Hedong, and the Qin army was once again defeated, resulting in the loss of several cities in Hedong County, of which the State of Wei recovered its lost land, and other countries saw the situation and immediately sent troops to recover the lost land, and the State of Zhao, the State of Wei, the Republic of Korea, and the State of Chu took the opportunity to recover a large area of territory that had previously been occupied by the State of Qin. The State of Qin struggled for so many years, a defeat returned to the pre-liberation, lost nearly 300,000 troops, the land originally laid down was taken back, and at the same time let the Eastern Princely States taste the sweetness of joint resistance to Qin for the first time, and in the future, if the State of Qin wanted to win, it would not be so easy, so that the pace of the unification of the Six Kingdoms of the Qin State was delayed.