During the time of Genghis Khan,
The Mongol Empire was a presence that was enough to make the whole world "shiver". In its most glorious period, the iron hooves of the Mongol army were once flattened
More than 40 countries,
Conquered
More than 720 ethnic groups.
But the nomads though in ancient times
The combat effectiveness is very strong,
their
The cultural heritage is very weak.
An empire without a cultural heritage, no matter how powerful it is, cannot maintain a long reign.
Soon the Mongol Empire was on
Falling apart,
Gradually withdrew from the stage of history.
The last Great Khan of Mongolia was defeated by the Qing Dynasty, and from the time of the Qing Dynasty, Mongolia became a part of Chinese territory.
But the great powers that surrounded Mongolia at that time were not the only ones
Daqing,
There are also tigers who are eyeing it
Russia.
As the Qing Dynasty was bombarded by the artillery fire of the Western powers, and humiliatingly began to cut the land to pay reparations, Tsarist Russia took advantage of the void to enter.
Instigate The division of Mongolia.
In 1921, with the support of Soviet Russia, Outer Mongolia declared independence from the Republic of China.
albeit
The independence of Outer Mongolia
It was not recognized by the Republic of China, but at this time, Outer Mongolia was actually already there
Under the control of The Soviet Union.
It also means that
The so-called independence of Outer Mongolia is
dependent on the independence of Soviet Russia,
It's not really independence. Its lifeblood was largely in the hands of Soviet Russia.
After Stalin came to power, he helped a man named In 1932
Bolejid Genden
of people, became the leaders of Outer Mongolia.
Bolejid Genden was a shrewd and proud politician.
He promoted a lot in Outer Mongolia
New policy
, greatly improving the quality of life of the people of Outer Mongolia,
Loved by the people.
Although Genden became the leader of Outer Mongolia with the help of Stalin, he gradually became dissatisfied with Stalin because of some contradictions.
So during a visit to the Soviet Union, Genden,
He slapped Stalin hard.
At that time, Genden drank too much at the reception, and Stalin did not take any care of his face, scolding him to the point of bloodshed.
drunken
Genden could not bear it any longer and slapped Stalin in public,
And he said all the words of dissatisfaction in his heart.
After all, Ke Genden was the leader of Outer Mongolia, and his ascension to the throne was all up to him
Stalin
One hand pull. So under what circumstances would he slap Stalin? What kind of retaliation did he face from Stalin?
The curator of this issue takes you to talk about this matter. Interested friends may wish to click on the following, so that it is convenient to review the past highlights, and will not miss the latest content.
Root ascended to the throne
Born in Outer Mongolia in the Saiyin Noyan Department, his birth year has errors in different literature, respectively
Born in 1882 and 1885
Two ways of saying it.
In short, at the time of Genden's birth, Mongolia was still part of the Chinese territory.
In 1921,
Mongolia, with the support of Soviet Russia, broke away from the Republic of China,
Declaration of independence.
The following year Genden participated
Mongolian Revolutionary Youth League,
He was appointed acting head of the organization to which he was located a year later.
It can be said that Genden's
political career,
It began with the unilateral announcement of Outer Mongolia
Independence period.
As a Mongolian man, Genden not only has the adventurous spirit and pride of the Mongols in his bones, but he is also a natural politician, very shrewd, and good eloquence. So his political path has been smooth,
at
In 1924
He was elected Chairman of the Presidium of the National Little Hural and was responsible for the day-to-day affairs of the country.
At this time, Outer Mongolia is still there
Semi-serfdom state,
But the leaders of Outer Mongolia at that time looked at the powerful Soviet Union and admired it very much.
Red regime
It became a presence they yearned for.
The leaders of Outer Mongolia have disregarded their own national conditions and tried to make Outer Mongolia realize
the leap from semi-serfdom to socialism,
A series of reform measures have also been adopted. Bolejid Genden was one of the leaders who were actively promoting reform at that time.
Outer Mongolia was originally a major one
Pastoralism for a living
The leaders of outer Mongolia, however, want to be blind
emulating the Soviet Union,
Desperately
abandoning animal husbandry,
Turning the herders into workers,
Vigorously engage in industrial construction.
They
Compulsory collectivization, abolition of private enterprises, closure of temples
And confiscated Buddhist property.
Of these reform policies, Genden is the only one that he doesn't support
For Buddhism,
Because he believes in Buddhism.
But in that environment, Genden, as one of the leaders of reform, did not have many options.
Can be outer Mongolia as one
Semi-serfdom and a weak industrial base
The country, the Soviet set, did not suit them at all.
The series of reforms carried out by Outer Mongolia in disregard of its own national conditions are all wrong reforms.
At that time, the life of the people of Outer Mongolia became
The misery is unspeakable, and the people's resentment is boiling,
Outbreaks have taken place in many parts of Outer Mongolia
"Counter-revolutionary" uprising.
The Soviet side, seeing that Outer Mongolia was in chaos, immediately took measures and ordered the suspension of the reform policy of the Outer Mongolian government.
Subsequently the Soviet Union in
In May 1932,
Purged a number of Outer Mongolian leaders who tried to prematurely implement socialist reforms.
And Genden, though, was wrongly reformed this time
Powerful promoters,
He was one of the core members, but he shrewdly escaped the purge and gained Stalin's favor.
At that time, Outer Mongolia was almost controlled by the Soviet Union, and Genden, who was favored by Stalin, naturally became the leader of Outer Mongolia very easily.
From favor to hostility: Genden and Stalin were at odds
After Genden became the leader of Outer Mongolia, he began
rethink
Previously erroneous reform policies. He realized that he wanted to help Outer Mongolia become stronger, and he wanted the people of Outer Mongolia to live a good life.
It is necessary to change the way of thinking and formulate new reform policies.
So Genden quickly formulated and implemented it
"New Turn" policy,
The Policy
The principles of communism in economic terms were relaxed, modeled on Lenin's New Economic Policy.
Objectively speaking, Genden is a very capable leader. With the help of the "new turn" policy he implemented, Outer Mongolia has achieved very successful development.
Taxes in Outer Mongolia were reduced, private enterprises began to develop, and Buddhist temples were preserved and no longer disturbed.
Soon the quality of life of the people of Outer Mongolia was obtained
Great improvement,
They are no longer trapped by food problems, they are no longer hungry, and their lives are happier.
Therefore, Genden became a hero in the hearts of the people of Outer Mongolia and was praised as "a rare good leader of Outer Mongolia".
From this, it can be seen that Genden is one
Born politician,
His abilities are worthy of the trust of the people of Outer Mongolia. But at the same time, Genden is also a very proud and self-sufficient person.
Although he became the leader of Outer Mongolia with stalin's help, he was very dissatisfied with Stalin.
At that time, the Soviet Union was very powerful and firmly controlled the lifeblood of Outer Mongolia. Although Genden had the ability to stand alone, he had received Stalin's help after all.
"Take people with short hands and eat people with soft mouths",
This led Genden to have to look at Stalin's face,
Everywhere is subject to people.
Needless to say, stalin was strong enough to say that Stalin was often
Participate and interfere
Politics of Outer Mongolia.
In the eyes of the Soviet Union, Outer Mongolia was a "little brother country" attached to the Soviet Union.
The greatest use of Outer Mongolia is that it can be brought to the Soviet Union
Huge benefits.
First of all, the strategic geographical location of Outer Mongolia is very important and can be used by the Soviet Union.
Secondly, the developed mineral resources of Outer Mongolia have also become the "fat meat" in the eyes of the Soviet Union.
If Outer Mongolia can use its domestic mineral resources for its own development, then it will not be rich or poor.
But the Soviet Union was helping Outer Mongolia
Vigorously engage in industrial construction
At the same time, greedily developed from Outer Mongolia
A large number of mineral resources.
Over time, Genden became increasingly dissatisfied with Stalin. The contradictions between the two soon reached an irreconcilable point.
Genden once said this:
"There are only two great geniuses on earth: Buddha and Lenin".
From this sentence we can see that Lenin was The idol in Genden's mind, but Stalin was not. And Genden believes in Buddhism.
The cultural heritage of the nomads has always been weak,
Buddhist culture
It is one of the few acceptable cultures in Outer Mongolia.
From the 16th and 17th centuries onwards, Mongolia was influenced by Tibetan Buddhism, and after the 20th century, many people in Outer Mongolia became followers of Buddhism.
But Stalin did not respect Genden's beliefs, and in order to curb the actions of Buddhist monks in Outer Mongolia, Stalin ordered it
Killed tens of thousands of lamas,
It provoked anger in Genden's heart.
And the thing that Genden could not tolerate the most was that Stalin also brutally killed many high-ranking officials in Outer Mongolia.
Outer Mongolia at that time
Buryats
The power gradually grew, stalin in order to fight them, the political skills of the very domineering he began to attack the Buryats
kill.
At Stalin's behest, the Soviets arrested them
Hundreds
The senior leaders of Outer Mongolia were killed
More than 50 people,
There are even pregnant women.
At this point, Genden was completely intolerable and deeply resented Stalin's actions. This directly led to Genden drinking too much at the reception during a visit to the Soviet Union.
Unconscious, Genden was able to vent all the long-suppressed grievances in his heart to Stalin.
He slapped Stalin in public and scolded stalin bitterly.
This was the first time and the last time Genden had hardened his temper against Stalin. Because he paid the price with his life for it.
Genden was secretly executed and disappeared
In 1937,
Genden embarked on a trip to visit the Soviet Union. Stalin held a reception for Genden, but he did not respect Genden and put Genden at the reception
The scolding made the dog bloody.
Perhaps in Stalin's eyes, Outer Mongolia was only the "little brother country" of the Soviet Union, so Genden naturally did not deserve to sit on an equal footing with him.
The disgraced Genden drank a lot of wine and barely suppressed the dissatisfaction in his heart.
He had not been disgusted with Stalin for a day or two, and the negative emotions in his heart were finally there
After getting drunk
It exploded.
At that time, Genden's consciousness was not very sober under the influence of alcohol.
In front of everyone, he got up angrily and snatched Stalin's pipe and
Smash it to pieces.
After this scene, both the top leaders of the Soviet Union and the top leaders of Outer Mongolia who were present were shocked and could not speak.
Then something even more unbelievable happened, genden was in front of everyone.
Slapped Stalin hard,
Knowing that Stalin was the supreme leader of the Soviet Union, why did Genden do this? Why would he dare to do this?
Stalin was never slapped in public, and this slap insulted more than that
Stalin's face,
Even more so
The face of the whole Soviet Union.
And Stalin will certainly not give up, and what awaits Genden next will be Stalin's tough revenge.
Perhaps Genden deliberately tore his face off stalin and slapped him to vent his emotions. Or maybe Genden just drank too much wine and did it impulsively for a while.
But no matter what, when Genden slapped that slap, his heart must have been very happy. Outer Mongolia was brutally killed
More than 50 senior leaders,
And also
tens of thousands of lamas,
It's always been Genden
A knot that is hard to let go.
Perhaps this slap helped Genden untie the knot, and also helped those who were brutally killed to avenge the snow and hate.
But Stalin was the leader of the Soviet Union after all, and Genden would soon be complied with by him
Pay the price.
Stalin was direct afterwards
Unilaterally abolished the leadership of Genteng Outer Mongolia,
He also released the news that "Genden was ill" and forcibly left him in the Soviet Union for "treatment". Since then, Genden has never been able to return to the land of Outer Mongolia.
After that, the Soviet side released the news: Genden's identity is
"Japanese Spy".
Finally, in 1937, Genden was secretly shot by the Soviet Union. So is Genden really a Japanese spy? The answer is obvious.
"Japanese Spy"
It was only a crime imposed on him by the Soviets.
After Genden's death, Stalin ordered that no one should be allowed to mention Genden in the future, and that all information about Genden should be erased.
As a result, it was once deeply trusted and praised by the people of Outer Mongolia
"Outer Mongolian Hero"
Genden, that's it
Fall into the shade
It was as if it had never appeared.
The fate of Genden and Outer Mongolia is lamentable, they have been controlled by the Soviet Union for many years,
For one day, the Soviet Union existed, and Outer Mongolia could not achieve true independence.
Outer Mongolia's
mineral resources
developed by the Soviet Union,
Many people were killed,
Even Genden was
Secretly shot.
However, Outer Mongolia had no choice but to let it be controlled by the Soviet Union, so how could such a country have a future?
But objectively speaking, this is also self-inflicted. Who made it believe in Soviet Russia, bent on splitting off from China and attaching itself to It? Genden's secret shooting was only a manifestation of Outer Mongolia's total subordination to the Soviet Union.
until
The collapse of the Soviet Union
After that, Outer Mongolia was freed from the control of the Soviet Union
True independence
A step forward.
At this time, Outer Mongolia dared to rehabilitate Genden, so that this "Outer Mongolian hero" who had disappeared for decades reappeared in the field of vision of everyone.
This issue ends here, I don't know what kind of person Beauregid Genden is in the eyes of all the audience friends? Welcome to the comment area for comment discussion, friends who like the content of this issue should not forget to pay attention to the forwarding, we will see you in the next issue of wonderful content.