The Qing Dynasty was the last feudal dynasty in China's history, which was established by the Jurchen people who were active in the northeast region at the end of the Ming Dynasty, and underwent the transformation from the Later Jin dynasty to the Qing Dynasty before finally entering the Central Plains and beginning more than two hundred years of rule.
When it comes to the rise of the Jurchen clan, it is necessary to mention its founder Nurhaci, who unified the Jurchen tribes and established the Jurchen regime, after whom Huang Taiji became the new leader, but he died suddenly before he could enter the pass.
After emperor Taiji's death, his ninth son, Ai Xinjueluo Fulin, succeeded him, which is what we often call the Shunzhi Emperor.
However, Shunzhi was only six years old when he succeeded to the throne, and it was really difficult to undertake the great cause of leading the entire tribe to conquer the Central Plains. Fortunately, at this time, a man stood up, although he was not the emperor of the Qing Dynasty, but he laid a great foundation for the Qing Dynasty, so that the later Qianlong Emperor commented on him: "'Fixing the foundation of the country, becoming the cause of unification, and making the most meritorious contributions'", which shows how lofty his status is, he is the fourteenth son of Nurhaci, and he is often called "Regent Prince" by the people.
In the 40th year of the Ming Dynasty (1612), Dolgun was born in Jianzhou Zuowei Hetuala City, which is in the area of present-day Xinbin County, Liaoning Province. At the age of eight, Dorgon was co-named "Heshuo Erzhen" with his brothers, and at a young age he entered the ranks of participating in state affairs. However, even with nominal power to discuss government, Dorgon was too young to match his brothers, and it was not until the second year of Tiancong (1628) that he was truly involved in the family business at the age of sixteen.
In this year, together with his brother Emperor Taiji, he attacked the Dorot department of Chahar and made a military achievement, and was given the title of "Morgen Daiqing". According to the Qing History Manuscript, in the following year, Dolgun and Belle Mang Gurtai and others captured Han'erzhuang, Xiangtong Prefecture, Bo Mingdu, defeated Yuan Chonghuan and Zu Dashou reinforcements outside the Guangqu Gate, and annihilated the shan customs reinforcements at Jizhou. In this raid on Beijing, Dorgon made another contribution, and on his return journey he was once again a major rebel as a former army.
With the gradual accumulation of military merit, Dorgon's voice in the dynasty also grew, and gradually, his strategic talents were valued by the Emperor Taiji. In the seventh year of Tiancong (1633), Emperor Taiji summoned his ministers to inquire about which one should be captured first in Chahar, the Ming Dynasty, and Korea, and Dorgon fully supported the conquest of the Ming Dynasty first, and proposed that it was advisable to reorganize the soldiers and horses, take advantage of the valley ripe, enter the border to besiege Yanjing, intercept its reinforcements, destroy its Fort, and for a long stay, you can sit and wait for its enemies', which was appreciated by Emperor Taiji.
In the tenth year of Tiancong (1636), Emperor Taiji officially declared himself emperor and changed the name of the country to Daqing, and at the age of twenty-four, Dolgun was made the Prince of Heshuorui, ranking third among the six kings. Later, when Azig attacked the Ming Dynasty as a forward, Dolgun was sent to Shanhaiguan to contain the Ming army so that it could not take care of each other, and when Chongde was three years old (1638), Dorgon was appointed as a general and led the left army from Dongjiakou in present-day Qinhuangdao, Hebei Province, and plundered and killed the famous Ming general Lu Xiangsheng along the way.
Later, in the famous Battle of Songjin, Dorgon also had a good performance, after this battle, the Ming army was seriously injured, and the balance of victory was completely tilted towards the Qing army. Just when the final decisive battle was about to begin, in the eighth year of Chongdeok (1643), Emperor Taiji suddenly died suddenly, and soon the various forces in the DPRK and China began to fight openly and secretly on the issue of heirs. According to the "Shenyang Zhiqi", at that time, the "Great King" Daishan supported the emperor's eldest son Hauge to succeed to the throne, but Hauge took the initiative to resign, so the proposal of the decision was not unified. ''
In order to avoid further internal friction, the kings of Daishan, Dorgon and other kings eventually agreed to make the young ninth son Fulin emperor, and the imperial government was assisted by Zilharang and Dolgun. After receiving the auxiliary power, Dorgon's power was further enhanced, and the ministers' letters were reported to him first, and the Shunzhi Emperor also respected him and made him a great general and commanded the affairs of the customs operations. At that time, the Ming Dynasty in the Central Plains had been destroyed by the peasant rebel army led by Li Zicheng, and Wu Sangui, the chief soldier of Shanhaiguan, took the initiative to ask the Qing Dynasty for troops, and Dorgon did not want to miss the opportunity, and immediately "rushed to gather soldiers and horses".
In April, Wu Sangui and Li Zicheng launched the Battle of Shanhaiguan, and Dorgon deliberately marched slowly, waiting until both were defeated before quickly defeating Li Zicheng's peasant army. After the victory, the Qing army continued to pursue, and in May of that year, it invaded the city of Beijing. In order to win the hearts and minds of the people, Dorgon first ordered the suspension of the shaving order, and then held a funeral for the Chongzhen Emperor in the imperial ceremony, which won the favor of the people and some loyal soldiers.
Soon, the Qing Dynasty moved its capital to Beijing, and the Shunzhi Emperor, as a tribute, made Dolgun the regent of his uncle and gave him the marten python imperial dress. "Soon after," he built a monument and added a treasure, a black fox crown one, adorned with Dongzhu thirteen, and a black fox Qiu one, with gold, silver, horses, and camels. However, the move of the capital to Beijing was not a complete victory, when the peasant army and the Southern Ming regime occupied a large amount of land. In view of this, Dorgon, while clearing out the forces of the peasant army, pretended to make a goodwill to Nanming, and waited until Li Zicheng was defeated one after another, and he showed his fangs to Nanming and eliminated the two together.
It was only when the world was roughly unified that Dorgon officially implemented a nationwide shaving order and brutally suppressed everywhere. Later, Dorgon gradually became equal to the emperor in terms of etiquette, and the history recorded: "The people who used the honor guard, music, and guard were all arrogant and supreme", and in the name of the throne, he became the regent of the emperor's father, and all the decrees were issued by him in the royal palace.
In the seventh year of Shunzhi (1650), Dolgun died, and the Shunzhi Emperor first posthumously awarded him the title of Qingchengzong, but then stripped him of his title and dug his grave, until the forty-third year of Qianlong (1778), when he was rehabilitated.