What is history: it is the echo of the past to the future, the reflection of the future on the past. - Hugo
No matter which country, whether ancient or modern, the capital of a country is very important and deserves careful consideration and study. China has a history of thousands of years, the country's territory has expanded and shrunk, the specific location of the capital has changed several times, after the founding of New China, it is not difficult to choose a capital among many cities, in 1949, when the capital was chosen, there were 11 cities candidates, why did these cities finally choose Beijing?
The first thing we need to know is that Beijing is also a city with a long history in China, and as early as the "Records of History", there was a relevant written record of it: "Li Guangju is in right Beiping." "Beiping here refers to what we now call Beijing, in the Spring and Autumn Warring States period, this is the territory of the Yan state, and later after Qin Shi Huang unified the six kingdoms, the capital of the country was set in Xianyang, this is because the Qin state itself made its fortune from the west, so it is also forgivable to set the capital in Xianyang and Xi'an.
With the development of time and the change of dynasties, the specific location of the capital has changed several times, but in general, most of the capital is located in the south, this is because in the ancient period, the economic center of gravity shifted south, the overall economic level and climatic conditions in the south are relatively comfortable, most of the royal family members also prefer to live here, and another reason is because in ancient times there were many nomadic people in the north, and there must be a certain risk in the north, so the capital was placed in the south.
However, during the Ming Dynasty, this situation took a turn, and the first thing Zhu Di did after he won the throne was to move the capital to Beijing, moving the location of the capital from the south to the north and continuing until the Qing Dynasty. Ming Chengzu Zhu Di moved the capital to Beijing for a number of reasons, but his practice was not recognized by the people of the Republic of China, we all know that after the qing dynasty collapsed china and entered the Republic of China period, the capital of China once again moved south to Nanjing.
Although the capital on the surface at this time is Nanjing, there have been many more important cities in China, such as yan'an, the old area of the Red Revolution, Shanghai, which is relatively developed by the sea, Harbin, which is close to the soviet heavy industry in the northern region, as well as Wuhan, a key transportation choke point, and Luoyang, which is located in the Central Plains.
Factors for choosing Peking
After the victory of the Liberation War, when the capital was elected in 1949, there were 11 candidates for the capital, so why was Beijing finally selected? This is because although Yan'an has the seeds of red genes as an old revolutionary area, it has to be admitted that Yan'an's economic development level is low and has no historical status, so it is the first to be excluded. In addition, Shanghai and Nanjing and other regions can not be chosen, this is because in the context of the times, there are still many enemy forces in these places, the construction of the capital here is obviously to give each other the opportunity to make a comeback, harbin in the north is not particularly suitable in terms of geographical location, on the contrary, Beijing's geographical location is relatively good, and Beijing is the capital of the last two feudal dynasties, coupled with the peaceful liberation of Peiping so that ancient buildings have not been damaged too much, so on the whole, Beijing eventually became the capital of China.
Choosing a capital city combines many aspects to consider comprehensively, and it is not as easy as we think. And after decades of development, this choice has been confirmed to be very correct, And Beijing's international status has become more and more important, and it also plays an important role in the country, and it is a city that every Chinese person is proud of and proud of.