Original title: Why did Zhuge Liang ask to be buried in Dingjun Mountain after death? Instead of Chengdu?
Zhuge Liang's Northern Expedition, also known as Zhuge Liang's Northern Expedition to the Central Plains, was a five-time war waged against Cao Wei during the Three Kingdoms period when Zhuge Liang, the chancellor of the Shu Han Dynasty, sent troops out of Hanzhong from the spring of 228 to the winter of 234 in order to support the Han Dynasty and unify the world. However, for Zhuge Liang's Northern Expedition, most of the grain was useless. Eventually, due to overwork, he died of illness in Wuzhangyuan (in present-day Baoji Qishan, Shaanxi) in the twelfth year of Shu Jianxing (234) at the age of 54. According to the Records of the Three Kingdoms and other historical records, Zhuge Liang's last words ordered his subordinates to bury themselves in The Dingjun Mountain in Hanzhong, and build a tomb according to the mountain, and the tomb can only accommodate the coffin. So, the question is, Zhuge Liang's family is in Chengdu, the capital of the Shu Han Dynasty, why did Zhuge Liang ask to be buried in Dingjun Mountain after death? Instead of Chengdu, the capital of the Shu Han Dynasty?
One
First of all, according to the records of the "Chronicle of the Three Kingdoms, Shu Shu, and Zhuge Liang's Biography", Zhuge Liang left his order to "bury the Dingjun Mountain in Hanzhong", so there was a tomb of Wu Hou under the Dingjun Mountain. For Zhuge Liang, a native of Langyayangdu, Xuzhou (present-day Yinan County, Linyi, Shandong). However, because during the Three Kingdoms period, the capital of Langyayang in Xuzhou (present-day Yinan County, Linyi City, Shandong) was already the territory of Cao Wei, zhuge Liang obviously could not ask to be buried in his hometown after death. For this reason, Chengdu, the capital of the Shu Han Dynasty where his family is located, should be the burial place that Zhuge Liang is most likely to choose. However, Kong Ming asked to be buried at Dingjun Mountain in the Hanzhong region. In this regard, in the author's opinion, the reason why Kong Ming did this is also relatively simple.
Two
On the one hand, the reason why Zhuge Liang asked to be buried at Dingjun Mountain was because Dingjun Mountain was in Hanzhong and was the front line of the Northern Expedition of the Shu Han Dynasty and Cao Wei. On this basis, Zhuge Liang's request to be buried here after death is to show that he always remembered the Northern Expedition central plains, Kuang Fu Han Room, and even can be said to have paid his life for the Northern Expedition to the Central Plains, that is, bowing down and exhausting, and then dying. At the same time, Kong Ming's move was also to warn and inspire future generations, such as hoping that Liu Chan, the lord of the Shu Han Dynasty, and Jiang Wei, Fei Yi, Jiang Wan, and other civilian and military generals would not forget to revive the Han Dynasty and the Northern Expedition to Cao Wei, let alone zhuge Liang's lifelong wishes. Correspondingly, if Zhuge Liang asked to be buried in Chengdu or elsewhere in shu Han after his death, he would obviously have no such effect.
Three
On the other hand, Dingjun Mountain belongs to the Daba Mountain Range, and its vein flows from Gaomiaozi into the flat land, uplifting twelve Xiufeng peaks, from Shishanzi to Yuanshanzi, known as "Twelve Lianfeng Peaks", and then east of Dangkou Temple Lone Peak, stretching from west to east for more than ten kilometers. That is to say, Dingjun Mountain is not only a place where soldiers must fight, but also has many peaks. On this basis, there is a saying that Zhuge Liang left a last word to the lord Liu Chan before his death, asking four people to carry his coffin all the way south, and where the rope was broken, they buried him where he was. However, these four people were exhausted when the rope was not broken, so they chose a random place on Dingjun Mountain to bury Zhuge Liang. Then, it is very obvious that the complex terrain of Dingjun Mountain, coupled with Zhuge Liang's last words arrangement, has contributed to the specific location of Zhuge Liang's tomb to this day.
Four
Finally, in this correspondence, if Zhuge Liang asked to be buried in Chengdu, the capital of the Shu Han Dynasty, then his own cemetery would be easier to find. In the context of The Shu Han's strength being significantly weaker than that of Cao Wei, it is uncertain which day Cao Wei's army will attack the Shu Han capital Chengdu. On this basis, Zhuge Liang's tomb may also be robbed and destroyed because of his repeated northern expeditions against Cao Wei. Therefore, Zhuge Liang asked to be buried in Dingjun Mountain after death, with the help of the complex terrain of the settlement mountain, coupled with a relatively secret burial method, so as to avoid the risk of theft of the tomb. And this is undoubtedly another manifestation of Zhuge Liang's wisdom. In this regard, the Northern Wei geographer Li Daoyuan recorded in the "Notes on the Water Classics": "Buried in its mountains, because of the terrain, can not afford the grave ridge." Judging from the "no grave", Zhuge Liang obviously did not want others to know where he was buried.