As the two great powers of the East, Russia and China have always been in a competitive relationship in ancient and modern times. Especially after russia reformed the tsar and embarked on the capitalist road, it saw that China was poor and weak, and always wanted to gain vested interests in China. After successive treaties with the Qing government, Russia acquired vast lands in China.
At this time, China began to be turbulent, the revolution continued to break out, Russia saw the crumbling Qing government, and had to start thinking about the future question: If the Qing government was overthrown and the new government became strong, would it go to war with Russia?
Although Russia has a vast territory, it is sparsely populated, and its border with China is very long, and once a war starts, Russia is likely to fall into a passive situation in the face of China's huge population. Against the backdrop of Russia's desperate need for a military buffer zone and a nation to fend off China's advances, Russia embarked on its own evil plan to split Mongolia.
In fact, at the end of the Qing Dynasty, there was already a difference between Inner mongolia and Inner Mongolia, Inner Mongolia has 49 flags, while Outer Mongolia has 86 flags, the geographical area is very large, and it is long strips, most of which border With China, which is very suitable for strategic buffering. Moreover, at that time, the status of Outer Mongolia was under Inner Mongolia and was not welcomed by the Qing government. Russia then incited reaction in Outer Mongolia and encouraged its fanatics to strive for independence.
Moreover, the Qing government was also aware of this at that time, and in order to strengthen the control of Outer Mongolia, it began to implement a new policy in Outer Mongolia in order to strengthen the control of Outer Mongolia. However, the Qing government implemented the New Deal in accordance with the customs of the Han Chinese, and did not care about the interests of the Mongols at all, which made the Mongols even more angry, and the herders fled in poverty.
Soon after, the princes of Outer Mongolia, with the support of Russia, declared independence and escorted all the Qing troops from Outer Mongolia out of the country. Because several banners were reluctant to become independent, the princes of Outer Mongolia sent troops to fight, which aroused the anger of the princes of Outer Mongolia, and they began to exterminate the Han people except the Mongols.
At that time, there were as many as 100,000 Han Chinese in Outer Mongolia, and after hearing about the extinction of the Han Chinese by the Mongols, they were very panicked and immediately began to drag their families out of here. They first reached the border from Russia and Outer Mongolia, and then took the train back to the northeast.
The influx of people instantly filled the border railway stations, causing train ticket prices to rise. So some rich people entrusted people to buy train tickets, but some poor people could not buy train tickets and could not leave Outer Mongolia, so they turned back and lived in fear.
They cared deeply about China's attitude, and Yuan Shikai's refusal to recognize the independence of Outer Mongolia at that time was enough for them to cheer. They have been waiting for the Chinese to return with troops, but they have not waited. Due to the harsh natural conditions in Outer Mongolia, the economy has not been able to develop, and the Han people are even more oppressed.
Until 1950, New China was established and established diplomatic relations with Mongolia, officially recognizing the independent status of Outer Mongolia and sending ambassadors to the past. When the Han Chinese in Mongolia heard that the Chinese were coming, they came to watch. These Han Chinese, still with whips and robes, met with the Chinese ambassador to Mongolia and asked how the Qing government was, which could not help but make the ambassador sigh with emotion, telling them that the Qing government was dead and that New China had been established.
At present, China and Mongolia have established friendly relations, the two sides have cooperated in many aspects, and the relations between the two countries are getting better and better. After all, it was once a country, and it was once a compatriot, and I hope that Outer Mongolia will develop better and better.