Most of the good men of Liangshan in "Water Margin" are bold and open-minded, and they all have the same hobby, that is, they like to drink, and some people can be said to be drunk. There are also many drinking scenes in "Water Margin", and reading these drinking plots always makes people's blood gush, so I want to go back to their time and eat meat with them and drink in large bowls.
Why can a good man in Liangshan drink alcohol wantonly? There is a reason very critical. And today's article, let's first talk about the development process of the song dynasty winemaking industry, and everyone will not understand the question.
The restaurant said, "Although the wine of the li family is the wine of the village, it is more delicious than the old wine; but whenever the guest comes to my shop and eats three bowls, he is drunk and cannot go to the mountain in front of him: therefore, it is called 'three bowls but not the gang'." If past guests come here, they will only eat three bowls, let alone ask. Wu Song smiled and said, "It turned out to be gongdi." I ate three bowls, how not to get drunk? The restaurant said: "My wine is called through the bottle of incense, and it is also called to make a door pour, when it is first introduced, it is mellow and delicious, and it is poured when it is less than a moment." ”
This is the plot of the 43rd time in "Water Margin" that Henghai County Chai Jin stayed in Jingyang Gang Wusong to fight the tiger, this time Wu Song came to Jingyang Gang and went to the roadside hotel to buy wine and eat. The shopkeeper only gave him three bowls to eat, because their family's alcohol degree is high, and the average person gets drunk after drinking three bowls. However, Wu Song did not believe in this evil and asked the shopkeeper to bring him more wine to eat.
From this plot, we can infer a conclusion: there must be many types of wine in the society at that time, and different types of wine are not the same. Therefore, the store can compare its own wine with other people's wine, think that its own wine is high, and drink three bowls to get drunk.
As for why, it is recorded in the "History of Song": "From spring to autumn, brewing is a small wine, and its price is from five to thirty dollars, and there are twenty-six grades; the steamed bristle, Hou Xia, is called a big wine, from eight to forty-eight dollars, there are twenty-three grades." "We can see from this that song dynasty wine is indeed divided into many varieties, and each kind has a different price."
In the "Water Margin", there are also many wine names, such as: "Blue Bridge Wind Moon", "Jade Kettle Spring", "Tou Pingxiang (going out to pour)", old wine, blue and white porcelain wine, Qiong Pulp Jade Liquid, Imperial Seal Imperial Wine, Official Wine, Wine, etc., and the names of these wines are not out of thin air, and are recorded in Su Shi's "Wine Classic" and other books.
So who makes these various types of wine? Speaking of this topic, we have to talk about the institutions of winemaking in the Song Dynasty.
A winemaking institution in a category
Song Dynasty winemaking is divided into official brewing and private brewing. Official brewing is a whole liquor-making system under the responsibility of the government. The Song Dynasty once set up a "ZhanJun Liquor Storehouse", which was managed by the army, and then formed a complete system, mainly including: official treasury, sub-warehouse, foot shop, auction household and other places that adapt to different target customers. Private brewing is sold by the folk themselves. The most described in "Water Margin" is the private brewing hotel in these countrysides. Because of the small scale of funds, the winemaking technology is relatively low, and the wine produced cannot catch up with the official brewing, but the biggest advantage is that it is cheap, and the poor people can also afford to drink.
Every year, official brews and private brews provide a large amount of wine, which is consumed by the people after it flows into the market. In the long run, the Song Dynasty formed a custom of drinking, and the Song Dynasty wine industry also had a very wide consumer group. At that time, from the relatives of the emperor to the people of Li, it was not for pleasure to drink.
The winemaking industry that increases the income of the country
Since then, one of the most direct benefits for the government is the increase in state revenue. Because the Song Dynasty was taxed on the sale of wine. The Song Dynasty government once gave a local liquor monopoly to a person in the form of "buying a poker" and then charged a corresponding fee.
"Food Goods" once recorded: "If the Alum Tower Hotel is willing to buy and throw out the class profits, order 3,000 households in the small household of the Beijing Foot Shop to sell liquor in the store every day." ”
Let's make this clear. The annual revenue from alcohol accounts for about 20% of the total government revenue. It can be seen how much the government can earn from the liquor industry every year, which also shows the development of the liquor industry in the Song Dynasty.
Exquisite wine vessels
Drinking wine is naturally inseparable from the wine vessel. There were so many different kinds of wine in the Song Dynasty, and naturally there were different wine vessels.
The "Water Margin" reads: "XiQi pressed the wine, the luscious delicacies, used the ingots as much as possible, hugged a spring platform, and asked the tits to sift the small golden cup." ”
This is the description of Li Shishi when he toasted to Song Jiang, and here he uses a golden cup of wine. In addition to the gold cup, there are different kinds of cups such as silver cups, glasses, porcelain cups, etc., different identities and statuses, and different wines, and the wine utensils used are different.
brief summary
Through the introduction just now, I think everyone has a preliminary understanding of the Song Dynasty wine industry in their minds. If we look at the Song Dynasty today, it was a dynasty with many kinds of fine wine and liquor stores everywhere. Here you can easily find a suitable place for you to drink, without worrying about being shy, drinking in a big bowl, eating meat in a big mouth, and not being happy! Therefore, the good man of Liangshan has the ability to drink wantonly!
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