It took 10 years before and after the Qin Dynasty to dominate the world.
It established the first unified multi-ethnic centralized state in Chinese history.
Divide the world into thirty-six counties, unify weights and measures, send the world's richest people to Xianyang 120,000 households, take the land of Baiyue in the south, abolish the way of Mr. Dao, burn the words of a hundred families, and collect the soldiers from all over the world to gather in Xianyang. Worship the mountains and rivers and the earth, and seal the Zen on Mount Tai.
In order to shelter from the wind and rain under the tree, this tree was sealed as the Fifth Doctor.
He himself felt that his merits far exceeded those of the Three Emperors and Five Emperors, and after annexing the Six Kingdoms, he strengthened the absolute monarchy, weakened the power of the old nobility, divided the authorized official positions with military merit, and vigorously promoted the nobles who rose from military merit
。 Changed from "Great King" to "Emperor".
After the establishment of a new central power
The King of Qin traveled in all directions, and everywhere he went, he ordered people to sing praises and praises with stone carvings
In order to show their great achievements.
Years of conquest,
The people were miserable
。 The economy and people's livelihood are not as good as before, and everything is in ruins to be rebuilt, and the Qin state needs to rest and recuperate to the world. But the king of Qin did not give the people a chance to breathe, and after annexing Hainei, he began to build the Great Wall, not believing in heroes, not pro-people, abolishing the king's way, establishing private rights, banning documents and torturing the law.
For the tyranny of the government, the people's resentment boiled over.
Repair the Great Wall, defend against the Xiongnu, and reassure the people
Qin Chu and the world, Qin Shi Huang wanted his own country and mountains to be eternal. Therefore, while rectifying and reforming the state rules and regulations, the construction of the Great Wall began.
Among the Six Kingdoms, Great Qin has always occupied a hegemonic position, balancing the countries by force, and it is said that after the destruction of the Six Kingdoms, Qin Shi Huang was invincible in the world.
So why did he order the Great Wall to be built day and night? Why did Qin Shi Huang rush to build the Great Wall, and what was his intention?
In the pre-Qin period,
The Six Kingdoms are standing tall and busy with conquests
, there is no time to take care of the nomads in the north. The Huns often entered the country to harass. The general Meng Tian once led an army of 300,000 to attack the Xiongnu in the north, and this battle was fought beautifully.
Drove the Huns to the far north
In exchange for 10 years of stability on the border.
But these Huns were not exterminated, and there will be a day of comeback.
In order to prevent the re-invasion of the Huns and to ensure the safety of the lives and property of the people in the north,
Qin Shi Huang had to order the construction of the Great Wall.
The Huns of the horseback tribe are good at wandering around, disturbing and injuring the people, and the range of activities is extremely large, and wherever the iron horse goes, it burns and plunders, and does all kinds of evil.
People on the border suffered greatly
You must not live and work in peace and contentment, and live in fear all day long.
In this way, agricultural production will not be developed, and the economy and national strength will naturally not be enhanced. With this in mind,
Building the Great Wall has become imperative
。
In fact, Qin Shi Huang did not have to rush to build the Great Wall. At the beginning of national unification, he ordered the construction of the Great Wall,
Labor teachers mobilize the masses, and consume national strength and manpower
Nearly a million laborers were used to build the Great Wall, which was one-twentieth of the country's population at that time. Poor expropriation and tyranny,
The people complained
, to make the people unhappy.
And Qin Shi Huang conquered the world by force, and he was not good at governing the country. All he knows is that wherever there is resistance, troops will be sent to suppress it.
This was in the later "book burning pit Confucianism" incident,
You can spy on one or two
The prosperity of a country must be assisted by the joint assistance of civilian and military generals, and the Qin state has never paid attention to literary talent. This was one of the important reasons for the empire's demise.
There is a poignant legend in China since ancient times:
Meng Jiang girl cried the Great Wall
”。 In Mengjia Village, a couple of newcomers were worshipping heaven and earth, and her husband Wan Xiliang was suddenly captured by the intruding Qin soldiers and went to build the Great Wall.
A scholar who could not bear the days of hard labor, and later died of exhaustion under the corner of the Great Wall. Meng Jiang's daughter searched for a husband and ran to the corner of the Great Wall,
Mourning shook the sky, weeping down a large wall
Regardless of whether the legend itself is true or false, it makes a strong satire on the Qin Dynasty's tyranny from the other side. Qin is only the second, and the root cause lies in this.
Then why did Qin Shi Huang have to build such a huge project that cost the people and money to the end?
Jia Yi said in "On Passing the Qin":
But for more than seven hundred miles of the Xiongnu, the Hu people did not dare to go south and herd horses, and the soldiers did not dare to bend their bows and complain
。 ”
It can be seen from here that the Great Wall still has a certain deterrent effect on defending against foreign enemies.
Without the Great Wall as a barrier against enemies, the army would have to be stationed on the border for a long time to prevent the Huns from disturbing. The people in the north will not be able to live in peace, so agricultural productivity,
Economic development is hindered and stagnant.
In this way, the national strength of the Qin State could not get a buffer opportunity, the national strength could not go up, and the position of hegemony seized could not stand firm.
The Qin army once had 300,000 troops guarding the border area day and night, consuming a lot of manpower and materials. For the old society, which was not very productive,
This is a huge expense
Although the construction of the Great Wall has also consumed national energy to a large extent, the benefits to the country and the people after its completion are endless.
Therefore, the construction project is well worth it.
Repair the Great Wall, dredge traffic, and fix Guanzhong
Was the original construction concept of the Great Wall just to prevent the invasion of foreign races in the north?
In fact, it is much more than that.
At that time, the central plains had just been unified, and the original aristocratic old forces in various regions were still very strong, and it was difficult to break through for a while.
If the transport hub link between the central and regional regions cannot be maintained,
The new state could be divided again at any time
The King of Qin had foresight,
Realized the importance of diverting traffic
。 Therefore, road traffic that fell into disrepair during the war needs to be restored as soon as possible. And the construction of the Great Wall can not only clear the passage of the road, but also resist the enemy,
Why not kill two birds with one stone?
At the beginning of the establishment of the New Deal in the Qin State, the great general Meng Tian supervised the repair of the Great Wall, but only on the basis of the pre-Qin dynasty, a small-scale and small-scale repair work was carried out.
Connect the old city walls of the Western Zhou Dynasty.
Later, Qin Shi Huang recruited labor from all over the country and carried out large-scale construction.
And today we see the Great Wall of Badaling in Beijing,
It starts from Lintao in the west and reaches Liaodong in the east
It was a military project that was built on a large scale by the dynasties and generations that recruited manpower and material resources for comprehensive construction.
The construction of the Great Wall has to admire the wisdom of the ancients and the ingenuity. There are ports along the city walls and at all dangerous points,
Such as Shanhaiguan, Juyongguan and so on
, has made an important contribution to the prevention of foreign enemies.
The heart of the King of Qin thought that Guanzhong would be eternally solid, the golden city would be thousands of miles, and the descendants of the emperor could be inherited forever.
The Great Wall is made up of strong walls connected by fortresses that can be sentry. Such an indestructible position is like a natural barrier,
The enemy is hard to break.
At the end of the Ming Dynasty and the beginning of the Qing Dynasty, Wu Sangui, the king of Pingxi who was guarding Liaodong, defected to the Qing government in order to win back his concubine Chen Yuanyuan and lured Qing soldiers into Shanhaiguan.
As a result, the Ming Dynasty collapsed, and sinners were counted for thousands of years
If Wu Sangui had not personally led troops into the pass, the Qing Dynasty army would not have been able to invade the Central Plains under any circumstances. The Ming Dynasty may not perish so soon,
It is unknown whether Dorgon will spend another thirty or fifty years
Majestic China, the predecessors planted trees, the posterity cool,
The Great Wall is the crystallization of the wisdom of the ancient working people.