In 1979, vietnam's continuous friction on the Chinese border was intolerable, and after a unanimous decision of the central authorities, China gathered more than 30 divisions and regiments to launch a counterattack against Vietnam, and the vigorous "Vietnamese self-defense counterattack war" began. At that time, the Soviet Union led a number of small countries to strongly oppose China's move, but no one dared to come to the aid of Vietnam.
1. International background
In 1945, after the end of the Second World War, although the unanimous external enemies of the world did not exist, they formed two groups with completely opposite ideologies, namely, the socialist camp headed by the Soviet Union and the capitalist camp headed by the United States.
With the passage of time, the contradictions and conflicts between the two camps have become more and more acute, just as the so-called "one mountain does not tolerate two tigers", and in the end, the two camps have each pulled gangs to oppose each other.
The Western bloc led by the United States formed the "NATO Alliance," while the socialist countries headed by the Soviet Union formed the Warsaw Pact Alliance, and the "Cold War between the United States and the Soviet Union" was officially opened.
As a socialist country, after the establishment of our country in 1949, it naturally belonged to the "big brother" Under the command of the Soviet Union, and in the early days of the founding of the country, the "big brother" helped us very much, imported a number of technologies and various types of talents, and made great contributions to China's infrastructure construction and social stability.
However, with the expansion of the "big brother" Soviet ambitions, trying to control our country militarily, and China's ideas at that time also had a major conflict with the Soviet Union, in the end, the Soviet side directly withdrew most of the technology and talents, and Sino-Soviet relations deteriorated. Since then, the Soviet Union has taken a number of measures against our country, one of which is to instigate Vietnam to harass our country.
It is worth mentioning that at the beginning of the Vietnam War in 1955, China and the Soviet Union gave a lot of support and countless help to North Vietnam, and it was not until twenty years later that the Vietnam War gradually ended.
Vietnam, which has just ended the war, has become more and more inflated with the support of the Soviet Union, has always regarded itself as the world's third power, and even tried to establish the so-called "Great Indochina", ungrateful to our country, constantly harassed our country on the border line, and caused huge losses to our country and people.
Second, pre-war thinking
In order to explain to the world the justice and self-defense of war, China deliberately issued a war explanation to the international community, but unexpectedly attracted huge opposition.
The 15 countries led by the Soviet Union strongly condemned China and demanded the withdrawal of troops, while the countries led by the United States held a "hilarious" attitude because their interests were not involved, and during this period, the only two countries supported were Cambodia, which was caught in war because of Vietnam's expansion, and North Korea, which was saved by China.
It can be said that no one is optimistic about this war, and even the Soviet Union, in order to threaten our country, has deployed millions of troops on our northern border and carried out military exercises day and night, with a posture of invading at any time, in an attempt to make China retreat.
At that time, China was indeed not conducive to a counterattack war against Vietnam from an international point of view, but after careful consideration by the country's leaders, it was finally decided to carry out a counterattack war of self-defense against Vietnam.
The main reasons are as follows:
First, coinciding with the climax of the Cold War between the United States and the Soviet Union, both sides had a large number of troops on the border line, and the third world war was almost on the verge of breaking out, although the United States and the Soviet Union did not dare to fire the first shot, but also did not dare to relax their vigilance on the border line, the Soviet Union at that time, most of the troops were concentrated in the eastern European battlefield to confront the United States, and it was impossible to rely on the army of the Far East to launch a war against our country.
At this time, although China's military strength was inferior to that of the United States and the Soviet Union, it was not something that the Far Eastern army could shake, and the Soviet Union could not disregard its strategic core in Eastern Europe and aid Vietnam.
Second, the Soviet Union was already caught in the quagmire of the Afghan war at that time, not only let the Soviet Union through Afghanistan to enter the Indian Ocean to obtain greater benefits of the plan stranded, at the same time, the countries of the world because of the Soviet Union's march into Afghanistan, classified it as hegemonism, the reputation in the international community plummeted, many countries and the Soviet Union are at odds with each other, at this time, opening up another battlefield is a threat to the stability of the country, although the Soviet Union is strong in military strength, it is still impossible to open up three battlefields at the same time, both to prevent the United States, but also to invade Afghanistan. It was unwise to also support Vietnam, which was embattled, and on the basis of this, the central authorities concluded that the Soviet Union would not really support Vietnam.
Third, the Soviet Union was undermanned. Most of the Far Eastern soldiers were dissatisfied with the establishment, they were all under-organized troops, and the transport troops were time-consuming and labor-intensive, and the means of transport at that time were only rail transport, and it was impossible to assemble the army in a short period of time.
Fourth, the cost of war is too great. Although the comprehensive national strength of the Soviet Union is one of the best in the world, it is obvious that it is impossible to support the opening of a third battlefield, and if the third battlefield is opened, I am afraid that the Soviet Union will be dragged down.
Fifth, the relaxation of Sino-US relations. As early as the beginning of the deterioration of Sino-Soviet relations, China was preparing to repair relations with the United States, because it was obviously unwise to offend the two superpowers at the same time, and the United States was actively seeking allies in order to counter the Soviet Union, and under the impetus of the leaders of the two sides, it finally achieved the beautiful talk of "turning the big ball with a small ball". In 1979, China and the United States established diplomatic relations.
Under the premise of the establishment of diplomatic relations between China and the United States, before the Vietnamese self-defense counterattack war was about to start, Chinese leader Deng Xiaoping had a friendly conversation with US President Carter, hinting to the US side that China would launch a self-defense counterattack war against Vietnam.
3. War matters
After comprehensive consideration, focusing on many factors, and under careful consideration, in the spirit of defending territorial sovereignty to the death and being responsible for the people, China resolutely launched a huge self-defense counterattack against Vietnam.
It is worth noting that before the war began in our country, the Vietnamese army was already heavily armed with the support of the Soviet Union, and the Vietnamese authorities even threatened that "Vietnam is ready", and the countries of the world were not optimistic about it, believing that the Chinese People's Liberation Army no longer had the original bloodiness, but the twenty-eight days of fighting gave everyone a loud slap.
Chinese People's Liberation Army marched from Guangxi and Yunnan on both fronts, and the morale of the whole army was like a rainbow, and in ten days it laid down all the high ground and directly hit the front of the Vietnamese capital with a single blow, leaving only a barrier in the capital - Lang Shan.
At this time, the Vietnamese were completely panicked and hurriedly requested soviet assistance, at the same time, almost all the troops were gathered at Lang Son, ready to hold Lang Son.
The "Battle of Lang Son" did bring great trouble to our army, and the two sides fought back and forth in Lang Son many times, and in the end our army still stubbornly captured Lang Shan, while the luxurious "military advisory group" supported by the Soviet Union did not bring much help. In only twenty-eight days, our army attacked the capital.
At this time, there was an uproar in the international community, and the Vietnamese army at that time, with the help of the Soviet Union, had obviously improved its military capabilities by a large margin, and its military strength was among the best in the world, but it was attacked by our army within twenty-eight days to the capital, and for a time, the international community was silenced.
Obviously, the Chinese army that conquered Lang Son was fully capable of destroying Vietnam in one day, but the central government directly announced to the outside world:
Our intended aim has been achieved, a serious warning has been given to Viet Nam, and from now on our army has begun to withdraw.
For a time, all the Chinese troops gradually withdrew to the border.
Although our army withdrew, the Vietnamese army had to advance, because it knew that it could not engage our army head-on, so it used guerrilla tactics to launch a harassment attack on our army; because of our country's selfless help to Vietnam during the Vietnam War, many famous generals in Vietnam were trained in our military schools and were well versed in our army's guerrilla tactics, and they caused many casualties for a while.
In the end, in the process of retreat, our army blew up the infrastructure built in many places, fought and retreated along the way, and finally returned to the territory of our country.
In this war, the United States held back some of the Soviet union's forces, and U.S. President Carter personally warned the Soviet Union not to attempt to take any action that might worsen the sino-Vietnamese situation, and ultimately, restricted the Soviet Union's military operations. Most of them were jealous of the Soviet Union, so they followed in the footsteps of the Soviet Union to support Vietnam, and when they saw that the soviet big brothers were indifferent to the Vietnamese counterattack, these small countries naturally would not put themselves in.
So why are so many people opposing the statements made by our country? Why are so few people supporting it?
Everything is because of the saying "weak countries have no diplomacy".
Since modern times, because the Qing Dynasty's closed country fell into a long period of chaos and exploitation, the treaties signed are unequal treaties, after the founding of the country, although they have shown their strong strength again and again, but other countries in the world have always looked down on China, this Vietnam counterattack war is proof, nevertheless, our country has broken their cognition again and again, broken their blockade, the Vietnam counterattack war has made the countries of the world realize China's strength again.