Yangtze River Daily Wuhan client January 4 (reporter Wan Jianhui correspondent Ding Yan) Husi kiln was founded in the late Tang Dynasty five dynasties, and continued until the Yuan and Ming Dynasties, of which the Song Dynasty is the mainstay. Today, the remains of the Husi kiln are covered with dust and grass within a radius of tens of kilometers in The Jiangxia District of Wuhan City, and the reason why it has not been extinguished like the Jingdezhen porcelain kiln is a mystery.
The reporter went to the Site of the Si Kiln in Xiafushan Lake in Jiangxia District to conduct an interview, and saw that the kiln pile was covered with weeds. Photo by Wan Jianhui, reporter of the Yangtze River Daily
Xu Zhibin, deputy director of the Wuhan Institute of Culture and Archaeology, who participated in the archaeological excavation of the Husi kiln, introduced that the Song Dynasty was the era of the great development of Chinese porcelain, porcelain became the main daily necessities of society, the kiln sites for the production of Song porcelain were all over the country, the scale of production continued to expand, and the porcelain industry with different characteristics developed unprecedentedly. However, there are few records of the development of porcelain making in Wuhan in the classics, so that there is a saying that "Baiyun Yellow Crane has no porcelain kiln".
At the site of the Si kiln in Xiafushan Lake, Jiangxia District, Xu Zhibin, deputy director of the Municipal Archaeological Institute, showed reporters the fragments of the cassette bowl. Photo by Wan Jianhui, reporter of the Yangtze River Daily
Until 1974, archaeologists found the Site of Husi Porcelain Kiln in Xiaci Bay, Jiangxiahusi Commune, Wuhan, which opened up the true face of the history of porcelain firing in Wuhan more than 1,000 years ago and filled the gap in the history of ancient porcelain in Wuhan.
Located in the rolling hills along Liangzi Lake and Axe Lake in Jiangxia District, Wuhan, the Husi Kiln Site Group is densely distributed along the lake with an area of 1.7 million square meters in the area along the lake, which is about 40 kilometers long from north to south and about 30 kilometers wide from east to west.
A "national security" monument standing in front of a kiln pile at the site of the Si kiln in Xiafushan Lake, Jiangxia District. Photo by Wan Jianhui, reporter of the Yangtze River Daily
Husi kiln site group is large-scale, numerous and densely distributed, and is the most representative folk porcelain kiln site group in Hubei. The existence and development of its porcelain industry provides a concrete example for the southward shift of the economic center of gravity in the two Song Dynasties, and also provides rich, sufficient, informative and typical physical examples and scientific basis for studying the cultural accumulation level, kiln structure and construction method, porcelain firing process, and types of celadon and blue-and-white porcelain in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River. A large number of celadon and blue and white porcelain have been excavated from the kiln site group, with rich types, diverse shapes and exquisite ornamentation, reflecting the high level of porcelain making technology and unique artistic aesthetic characteristics at that time. On June 25, 2001, the "Husi Kiln Site Group" was announced by the State Council as the fifth batch of national key cultural relics protection units.
At the site of the Si kiln in Xiafushan Lake in Jiangxia District, the caskets and porcelain fragments are piled up on the slope section of the kiln pile. Photo by Wan Jianhui, reporter of the Yangtze River Daily
"However, the cultural relics unearthed in the Husi kiln are different from many cultural relics handed down from generation to generation, and the cups, plates, and cups it fired have been shipped to other places in that year, and most of the remaining buried in the kiln chamber are defective products, although archaeologists are still interested in these fragment specimens." Xu Zhibin said that the excavations he participated in found that the last remains of the kilns showed a lot of decay.
Li Yongkang, director of the Wuhan Institute of Culture and Archaeology, also confirmed that the cultural relics of the Husi kiln excavated by archaeology are not many complete instruments, and a small number of complete instruments are mostly taken out of the cassette bowl. These cassette lids were burned together and were scrap at the time and were thrown away. Before the discovery of the Husi kiln in 1974, if local residents found such cassettes, they would use a shovel to break them, and if they were lucky, the cups and pots inside could be taken out completely. During the official excavations in 1989, the provincial archaeological team used a dentist drill bit to drill open the lid of the cassette bowl and then remove the complete porcelain.
Husi Kiln is surrounded by Axe Lake and Liangzi Lake, and the transportation is convenient. After the Song Dynasty, why did the Husi kiln gradually decline, so that it completely disappeared from people's vision? Li Yongkang speculated that the clay raw materials suitable for making porcelain in the Husi kiln were exhausted, and the craftsmen may have moved to other kiln sites such as Jingdezhen.
Li Yongkang said that at present, the structural function of the Husi kiln kiln is fully studied, and the research on raw materials and processes is not enough. Husi kiln porcelain making technology, Jiangxia District has 3 institutions in the research, and the use of research results to produce Husi kiln cultural and creative products. Jiangxia District attaches great importance to the construction of Husi Kiln into a National Archaeological Site Park, and the main purpose of this exhibition is to create conditions for Husi Kiln to declare a national archaeological site park. It is hoped that in the near future, tourists can visit Jiangxia Lake Siyao National Archaeological Site Park and its museum, and the cultural and creative cups, cultural and creative pots and cultural and creative bowls related to Husiyao can be applied to the daily life of citizens.
【Editor: Deng Laxiu】
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