Wu Changshuo "Beauty and Italy Prolonging Years"
There were only two earliest festivals in human beings: the winter solstice and the summer solstice. The ancients, who loved light and looked forward, took the winter solstice as the beginning of a new year, a new year. The winter solstice is the earliest New Year's Day. To this day, the winter solstice still retains the folk customs of ancestor worship and eating tangyuan. Later, because of the implementation of the lunar calendar, the date of the beginning of the new year was set on the first day of the first lunar month, also known as the "first day of the New Year". Since the Xinhai Revolution, because of the change to the solar calendar (also known as the Gregorian calendar and the Western calendar), the "New Year" is set on the first day of the first month of the solar calendar. Therefore, the original lunar calendar (also known as the old calendar, summer calendar, lunar calendar) New Year was renamed "Spring Festival". From "year" to "festival", it is indeed reduced. I thought the phrase "too big year" was better. Why? Because the Spring Festival is the lunar New Year, it is not only the oldest festival in China, but also the largest festival of the year, with a period of up to 20 or 30 days. The spring festival festival etiquette and celebration are also the most. The Spring Festival also best embodies the national spirit, which has been passed down for thousands of years to this day. Therefore, it is more appropriate to call it "Too Big Year".
Cixi "Fu"
At the end of the year, the busiest thing is "summary". People are always in the process of constantly summarizing, what gains and losses, and what goals need to be further achieved. Life is a process that goes on and finally looks back on life. Chinese will call the New Year the end of the year, the new year, no pole Tailai, always want to have good luck in the future, have a hope, life is always hopeful. For the ancients, all the "summaries" were not necessarily official documents, and sometimes it was just some daily codex that could become witnesses, especially after the accumulation of the long river of history, Yoshimitsu Kataba. Chinese likes to make wishes, have certain expectations, and promises to the future. Qin Guan's poem, "And in the twilight of the dynasty." When people reach middle age, twilight increases, there is less impulsivity, and it is better to keep the passion in the heart, and it is best to become a habit. Let writing become a daily habit, as simple as three meals, as regular as appearing on time, and the most common is sacred.
Western Jin Dynasty "Wax Festival" paper (excavated from the Guloulan site)
Regarding the origin of the Spring Festival, general folklore experts agree that it originated from the wax festival. The "wax" of the wax festival is also written as "wax", why is December called "wax moon", because this is the month of the wax festival. Wax and wax originally meant hunting. December is also the time when the ancient farmers were idle hunting. In ancient times, God played a very important role in the lives of the people, and people's various activities were inseparable from God. Before ploughing in the spring, sacrifice the gods of the land and the gods of agriculture, and pray to them to bless the wind and rain; After the autumn harvest, the hundred gods are sacrificed, hunting and searching for the best food to sacrifice the hundred gods, thanking them for their blessings and making people harvest. As early as the time of Emperor Yao and even earlier, there began to be wax sacrifices. This is a gratitude to nature, expressing the ancient people's idea of the unity of heaven and man. The wax festival later became the Spring Festival, and the content of its festival folklore increased and developed a lot, and the localities were also diverse and difficult to count. In some places, the Spring Festival lasts for more than a month, and From Laba, it begins to prepare new year goods and begins to rehearse various literary and artistic programs - to prepare for social fire activities. The Book of Rites says that the wax sacrifice is "a sacrifice of yellow clothes and a yellow crown, and Shida Fuya." Wild man yellow crown, yellow crown grass suit also". This was the case thousands of years ago. At the beginning of the 20th century, it was excavated at the ruins of The Ancient City of Loulan in the Lop Nur Desert, where a batch of Wei and Jin documents were unearthed, most of which were fragments of paper and broken, which were waste at that time, but today they are rare Wei and Jin ink books. These surviving works have intentionally or unintentionally recorded the customs of the Chinese grand Spring Festival.
Chinese New Year's Eve, Xuan Ye , "Chinese New Year's Eve Shuhuai"
Sometimes it is really hard to imagine that everyone from the Son of Heaven down to the general public will leave a work on the night of Chinese New Year's Eve? On the night of the whole country's jubilation and carnival, the Kangxi Emperor stayed in the study and quietly wrote a work. Tianzi and folk music, this is the feeling after reading Kangxi's works.
Yi Hai Chinese New Year's Eve, Kang Youwei Zhongtang
In addition to his role as a politician and a restorer, Kang Youwei became a traveler in the process of fleeing and traveled around the world. Chinese New Year's Eve night, in the middle of the boat, chanting poems, and having some emotions.
Zodiac Zhou "Chinese New Year's Eve Thesis" expanded
The most tragic is the Zodiac Week, because of the persistence in the great cause of anti-Qing and restoration, Chinese New Year's Eve night is still in prison, not to mention with the family, enjoy the joy of the world, even the basic life has become a problem, let people involuntarily tears. Such a heroic figure, who does not care at all, calmly writes poetry, regards death as a homecoming, and the realm is admirable, and cannot help but be awe-inspiring. Therefore, the calligraphy of the Zodiac Zhou has a strong atmosphere, not simply the spirit of book business. There are some factors in calligraphy that cannot be learned. His calligraphy and the Kangxi Emperor were placed in a mood, and the emperor's arrogance was not as good as that of a great hero, and he was eclipsed by it. This is the difference between the state of mind.
Nong Yin Chinese New Year's Eve, Dong Qichang 48 years old inscription Zhao Mengfu "Quehua Autumn Color Picture Scroll"
Sometimes, writing has to have a sense of ceremony, sacredness. Dong Qichang specially inscribed Zhao Mengfu's "Quehua Autumn Color Map" on the night of nongyin Chinese New Year's Eve, which is obviously very intentional. This year is exactly the year of Nongyin, 420 years apart. Dong Qichang has inscribed this painting five times in his life. At present, this time I see it is written at the age of 48, people have reached middle age, kung fu has matured, and they can be seen in the words and lines of Dong Qichang's evaluation of Zhao, Dong Qichang's life, is constantly competing with Zhao Mengfu: "Compared with Zhao Wenmin, each has its own shortcomings and lengths." The lines are dense, a thousand words together, I am not as good as Zhao. If you imitate the past dynasties, Zhao gets its eleven, I get its seventeen, and Zhao Shu is vulgar because it is familiar, and my book is beautiful because it is born. Zhao Shu has no intentions, and my books are often careless. When I made a decision, Zhao Shu also lost. The first one has fewer ears. ”
Gengzi Chinese New Year's Eve, Weng Tonggong's "Peace" in the middle hall
Weng Tonggong's writing of the word "peace" was obviously also deliberately arranged. It adopts the folk practice of "combining characters". According to the popular saying now, "Christmas Eve" can be taken out to get a sniffle. In fact, the Chinese people are not accustomed to foreign festivals. Sometimes it is because it does not understand the true connotation, the essence is the lack of corresponding cultural background and psychological accumulation, and it is more of a business hype. Westerners stay together as family on Christmas Eve, while Chinese like to go shopping on the street and go on a shopping spree, which is not Christmas Eve at all. It cannot be said that "peace" is the most simple ideal of Chinese, running for life every day, sometimes in the wind and rain, peace and security are the most important. Every time I go out, the simplest order of my family is "return safely", which is the most authentic Chinese language, and once it is pulled on the foreign festival, it will change its flavor. Looking at the falling paragraph, we know that Weng Tonggong's heart at that time was extremely unstable, and Gengzi Chinese New Year's Eve was a special day. Being in the night of Chinese New Year's Eve, longing for and praying for a little "peace" in your heart, how precious it is. This year coincides with the year of Gengzi, and the humiliation of one hundred and twenty years ago has been swept away, and the country is rich and the people are strong, and the country is safe and secure, which makes people sigh.
Ding Hai Chinese New Year's Eve, Wu Da Li came to "Scattered Disk"
The long-standing traditional etiquette is an important part of Chinese culture. Among the six arts such as "Li Le Shooting Royal Book Count", "Li" is the first, and Confucius Ziyun: "If you don't learn etiquette, you can't stand." "Why calligraphy pays attention to writing, sitting, and standing, because as a way of discipline of the individual's body, it is essentially part of the ceremony. There is no concept of "etiquette" in Western vocabulary, and cultures are distinguished purely by differences in customs. From this point of view, "etiquette" is unique and is the norm of all customs and behaviors in the entire Chinese world. In addition, Chinese culture also has a concept that the West does not have, that is, "ethnicity". The norms of human social relations extend from family members to relatives constituting a "family", and when the "ritual" is extended again, the scope of application is expanded to "nation". The Chinese nation uses "etiquette" to establish the norms of the entire social relationship. Mr. Qian Mu once said: "To understand Chinese culture, we must stand at a higher level to see the heart of China. The core idea of China is 'etiquette'. In addition to "etiquette", there is also "etiquette", and interpersonal social interactions pay attention to etiquette and rituals. Rituals are very important in that they refer to the implementation of certain symbolic activities through a series of established performances or behaviors. The social function of ritual is many, the most basic of which is to express, confirm and consolidate the common values and beliefs of a group, thereby establishing or strengthening a sense of identity and belonging among communities.
Jia Yin Chinese New Year's Eve, Qian Nanyuan Pro "Scramble for Seats"
The fragility, unreliability, limitations, and uncertainties of human mental consciousness must constantly rely on external forces to determine or reconstruct the individual's sense of orientation. Social rituals can play a role in gaining a sense of orientation. For individuals, rituals are to confirm or re-locate their position in time and space, including personal space, public space, cultural space, social space, etc. Rituals can spread the cultural symbols of a society, play a role in consolidating and inheriting collective memory and cultural memory, and through rituals, communities, cultures and civilizations have continuity.