In the Battle of Hanzhong, Liu Bei fought hard to find his family, Cao Cao caught fire in the backyard at the beginning of the war, failed to send reinforcements in time, and Xiahou Yuan, the commander of the Cao army who fought with Liu Bei in Hanzhong, was carelessly killed, and the drawbacks of Cao Cao's migration of the population subsequently broke out, and Cao Cao was ready to abandon Hanzhong.
On the one hand, there was the Liu Bei clique, which was desperate for the whole country, and on the other hand, the Morale-Demoralized Cao Clique was ready to give up, and the outcome of this war was already doomed.
After Liu Bei won Xichuan, Cao Cao decided to give up his involvement with Sun Quan and go to seize Hanzhong, otherwise Liu Bei would slow down and Hanzhong would be gone.
Hanzhong is a super treasure land, the geographical location is very important, is the key place to enter the customs and into Shu, but also, there is no Hanzhong, then there is no Shu, Hanzhong is the throat of Xichuan, Liu Bei is bound to get.
Not only that, there is also a tempting point in Hanzhong, that is, the population, Hanzhong has 100,000 households in the register, a full hundreds of thousands of people, which is definitely a large population province in the Three Kingdoms period.
At this time, Hanzhong was in the hands of Zhang Lu, and then Zhang Lu surrendered to Cao Cao, Zhang Lu did not fight, directly surrendered, and Cao Cao took Hanzhong and insisted on it like a mythological novel.
When the Cao army attacked The Dangerous Yangping Pass in Hanzhong, it was already very difficult, and as a result, thousands of elk ran out of the mountains in the middle of the night, startling Zhang Lujun, and then surrendered, Yangping Pass was taken down, and then triggered a chain reaction, Zhang Lu surrendered, and Hanzhong was returned to Cao Cao.
Cao Cao ordered Xiahou Yuan to stay in Hanzhong and return on his own.
Liu Bei looked, which line, I had a hard time fighting down Xichuan, finally able to be a person, not two days ago, you Cao Cao put a hand on my neck, too much, Hanzhong is my Liu Bei's.
In 218 AD, Liu Bei led a large army to Yangpingguan in Hanzhong, Cao Cao had thousands of elk to come out to help, Liu Bei did not, Yangpingguan could not be defeated.
At this time, the situation between Liu Bei and Cao Jun was: Liu Bei led a large army in front of Yangping Pass, Xiahou Yuan led a large army to guard Yangping Pass, and another general of Cao Jun, Zhang Guo, was in Guangshi on the side of Yangping Pass.
Zhang Gao's purpose at Guangshi was to contain Liu Bei's army, so that Liu Bei did not dare to attack Yangping Pass with all his strength, and had to divide his troops to guard against Zhang Guo, because Zhang Gao could cut off Liu Bei's grain route at any time.
But Zhang Gao's position was also very dangerous, because there was no natural danger to defend, and once Liu Bei first raised a large army to eliminate Zhang Gao, Zhang Gao was in danger.
Zhang Gao had followed Xiahou Yuan as cannon fodder in his life, and if zhang Hao had not been so skilled, he would have reincarnated eight hundred times earlier. In fact, Liu Bei did the same, attacking Zhang Guo, but unfortunately did not eat Zhang Gao.
Because Liu Bei also wanted to stay behind a large army to guard against Xiahou Yuan in Yangping Pass.
Liu Bei ordered more troops, even if they smashed, to smash Yangping Pass down, but in the end they did not fight down.
Zhang Gao could not eat it, Pingyang Pass could not move, Liu Bei directly fought, did not fight Yang Ping Pass, leaving a part of the troops to continue to garrison Yang Ping Pass, and then personally led the army south to cross the Han River, and then crossed the mountains and mountains to reach Dingjun Mountain.
From Yangping South Crossing (Mian Third Sound) Water, Yuanshan slightly ahead, yuding the army mountain as a camp.
This move has both advantages and disadvantages.
Li: When you arrive at Dingjun Mountain, you are inserted into the Hanzhong Basin, and Dingjun Mountain is still the commanding heights, from passive to active strategically.
Disadvantages: the logistical consumption is too large, it is easy to have grain and grass problems, this move is purely a money burning behavior, burning money speed is like putting ice into the magma.
Moreover, once the Shu army outside Yangping Pass was breached, the Shu army at Dingjun Mountain became a lone army, and the grain and grass could not enter.
This is a big gamble, once lost, Liu Bei will be doomed, but Liu Bei has no way, no Hanzhong, then no Shu, his neck can not be always pinched by others.
Xiahou Yuan saw that Liu Bei had ascended the Dingjun Mountain and directly transferred Zhang Gao from Guangshi back to Yangping Pass, but Xiahou Yuan was not at ease, because Liu Bei was condescending and threatening.
Xiahou Yuan directly divided his troops into two routes with Zhang Gao, and arranged antlers in the east and south to guard the foot of the Dingjun Mountain. Antlers are weapons used to defend a city or camp, made from sharp branches or sharpened from wood to prevent cavalry or infantry raids.
Liu Bei saw that the opportunity had come, and ordered the antlers laid out by Xiahou Yuan to be set on fire, and then the army attacked Zhang Gao on the other side.
Xiahou Yuan directly divided his troops to rescue Zhang Guo, and then he took people to fight the fire himself, how many people did Xiahou Yuan bring to save the fire on his side? Four hundred.
Xiahou Yuan's Golden Moon thief burned the antlers, and the antlers went to the base camp for fifteen miles, and Yuan sent four hundred soldiers to the antlers, because the envoys made up for it.
Then Xiahou Yuan was cut down by Huang Zhong and his men.
The commander-in-chief of the Cao army in Hanzhong was gone, and how could this battle be fought.
Zhang Gao led the defeated army back to the north bank of the Han River overnight.
Liu Bei took full initiative, Cao Jun was trapped in the Yangping Pass area, and at the Battle of Hanzhong, Liu Bei's victory was in sight.
What about Cao Cao? They have been fighting for so long, why have they not increased their troops?
Cao Cao's backyard caught fire, and in the first month of 218, Geng Ji, Wei Huang, and others secretly attacked Xu Du and set fire to the military camp of Shi Wangbi, the chancellor of the chancellor, and Wang Bi successfully countered the rebellion with difficulty.
In April, Dai Gun and the Shanggu Karasuma clan rebelled, and Cao Cao had to order Cao Zhang to go and negotiate.
After everything was over, Cao Cao prepared to leave for Hanzhong, and as a result, the Luhun region also revolted.
By September, Cao Cao had just arrived in Chang'an, and Hou Yin, the defender of Wancheng, was not ready to fight with Cao Cao, and also rebelled and successfully occupied Wancheng.
Behind the rebellions in Xu Du, Lu Hun and Wancheng, there was a shadow of one person, Guan Yu.
According to historical records, the three internal rebellions of Cao Cao all mentioned Guan Yu, either "South to introduce Guan Yu as a aid" or "South to Guan Yu".
In short, Cao Cao did not idle this year, patronizing the counterinsurgency.
After Cao Cao was busy, he was late, but at this time, Cao Cao's purpose of sending troops to Hanzhong had changed.
Cao Cao did not intend to want Hanzhong now, he only wanted one thing now, to rescue the remaining Cao army in Hanzhong.
Taizu drew out the armies from his strategy, but from hanzhong.
Cao Cao was afraid that this army would surrender to Liu Bei under high pressure.
Before Cao Cao marched into Hanzhong, he did one thing, moving the Wudu people to Guanzhong, about 50,000 households, 250,000 to 300,000 people.
Taizu guarded The Han Dynasty, fearing that Liu Beibei would take the Wu capital to force Guanzhong.
It has already been shown here that Cao Cao is not ready to take Hanzhong, otherwise what will the migrant population do.
Cao Cao led a large army into Hanzhong, and Liu Bei, who had been bullied by Cao Cao all his life, found that he still could not defeat the main force of Cao Cao's army that Cao Cao personally sat in.
Liu Bei took the initiative to retreat to Dingjun Mountain, I will not fight with you, we are so consumed.
The situation in Hanzhong as a whole, for Cao Jun, has been an irreversible situation since the death of Xiahou Yuan.
Cao Cao also knew this, so he moved the people of Wudu away in advance, of course, there was another reason, Cao Cao's sequelae of the migration population three years ago also broke out.
Three years earlier, Zhang Lu had surrendered to Cao Cao, and after Cao Cao had obtained Hanzhong, Cao Cao had carried out a major population migration, moving tens of thousands of households in Hanzhong to Guanzhong, and 80,000 to Yecheng and Luoyang.
The population of Hanzhong has declined sharply, and it is no longer able to meet the conquest of the Cao Army's army, and it is impossible to obtain grain on the spot, but can only transfer grain from Guanzhong, while increasing a large number of people in Guanzhong, on the other hand, it is necessary to transfer grain from Guanzhong to the front line of Hanzhong, and the pressure in Guanzhong is great.
Before Cao Cao came to Hanzhong, he moved more than 200,000 people to the Guanzhong region, and the pressure in Guanzhong was unprecedented.
To transfer grain from Guanzhong, it is also necessary to go to the Qinling Mountains, which is a difficult place comparable to the Shu Road.
This war was a great drain for both Liu Bei and Cao Cao.
The protracted stalemate, morale is the key to victory or defeat, the Cao army has been in decline since the death of Xiahou Yuan, and sure enough, the Cao army has a large number of deserters.
In May, Cao Cao withdrew from Hanzhong, and Liu Bei won a comprehensive victory at the Battle of Hanzhong.
summary
For Liu Bei, Hanzhong was a fortress of life, a special area that had to be taken and needed to coexist and die, so Liu Bei did his best at the beginning.
Cao Cao was so busy putting out the fires in his backyard that he could not send troops to reinforce Hanzhong, which put Xiahou Yuanjun in Hanzhong under pressure.
Liu Bei changed his strategy, made a desperate bet, and gambled heavily on choosing Dingjun Mountain, which made Xiahou Yuan feel a crisis, Xiahou Yuan chose not to hold out, which was the best policy, and then Xiahou Yuan was carelessly killed, resulting in a major defeat of the Cao army and low morale.
Xiahou Yuan's death basically marked the victory of Liu Bei's Battle of Hanzhong.
Cao Cao's reinforcements arrived late, and the morale of Cao's army was already irreversible.
Cao Cao's migration campaign three years ago and support for the migration of people before Hanzhong greatly increased the pressure on the Guanzhong region.
The Kansai region was in ruins after the Great Chaos of the Eastern Han Dynasty, and it was unable to share the pressure on the Guanzhong region.
The logistics route of the "Five Hundred Mile Stone Cave" in Qinling has become a money-burning machine, and Guanzhong is overwhelmed.
Such a protracted confrontation between the two armies, holding hanzhong in hanzhong was too costly for the broken and demoralized Cao army.
In desperation, Cao Cao had to cede Guanzhong to Liu Bei.