Chairman Mao joined the revolution in his youth and, after several decades of ups and downs, built a brand-new New China in a state of devastation. During these decades, he abstained from self-denial and conscientious work, cut through thorns for the Chinese revolution, and eliminated the evils of the Chinese people, and almost never had a good rest.
In 1950, at the beginning of the founding of New China, the ambitions of us imperialist wolf children burned the war to the Yalu River, in order to defend the country, Chairman Mao's eldest son Mao Anying bid farewell to his father and embarked on the dangerous Korean battlefield.
However, this distinction was actually a white-haired man sending a black-haired man, and on November 25, 1950, Mao Anying was unfortunately killed in the battlefield.
Although Chairman Mao's spirit is strong, the death of the eldest son still caused him a huge blow. Grief-stricken, he asked the Central Committee for two months' leave in his personal name, hoping to leave Beijing and return to his hometown for a period of recuperation, which was one of the few active vacations in Chairman Mao's life.
Mao Zedong, Mao Anying
However, to say that it is a recuperation, in fact, it is just to change places to work, in the two months away from Beijing, he also did three major things, which has far-reaching influence so far.
In June 1950, as smoke filled the skies over the Korean Peninsula, the Korean People's Army launched a fierce attack on South Korean forces south of the 38th Parallel. The war went very smoothly, and the Korean People's Army took only three days to capture Seoul (present-day Seoul), the political center of South Korea, and then launched many major campaigns in succession, occupying 90% of south Korea and 92% of the population, and it was about to complete national reunification.
At this time, the United States secretly manipulated the United Nations for its own interests in the Far East and formed a "United Nations Army" to help South Korea resist the attack of the Korean People's Army. In the face of the superior firepower of the "United Nations Army", the Korean People's Army's offensive was blocked, and the two sides entered a state of confrontation.
On September 15, 1950, The Commander-in-Chief of the United Nations Army, MacArthur, commanded the troops to complete the Inchon landing, cutting off the Korean People's Army, and the Korean People's Army, which was in a good situation, fell into a dilemma of being attacked from the belly and back, suffered heavy losses, and was forced to move into a strategic retreat.
The DPRK and China are in the same boat, and the situation on the Korean battlefield has always touched the hearts of the central leaders. After the defeat of the Korean People's Army on the battlefield, the Chinese government had a premonition that the situation was serious, and Premier Zhou immediately issued a public speech warning that the UN forces should not cross the 38th Line, and made it clear that the Chinese people would never allow the imperialists to ignore the wanton aggression of their neighbors.
Premier Zhou
However, the United States believes that China has just ended the civil war, the domestic situation is not completely stable, and does not dare to send troops, especially in the face of the United States army, which has the strongest combat strength in the world.
Ignoring the warnings of our Government, he brazenly crossed the 38th Parallel, occupied Pyongyang, the capital of the DPRK, and reduced the Korean People's Army to the yalu River.
Subsequently, he repeatedly provoked and dispatched aircraft to bomb the Dandong region of our country.
At that time Chinese people's liberation army was backward in weapons, lacking in heavy equipment, weak in air force, and far from the US military in all aspects. It is precisely because the Americans have seen these objective gaps that they dare to be so arrogant, but they simply do not understand the real weapon of the Chinese army to kill the enemy, that is, the fearless spirit of sacrifice and the courage to dare to show the sword.
On October 8, 1950, the North Korean government sent a request for assistance to China, and Chairman Mao and the comrades of the Politburo of the Central Committee made the decision to send troops to Korea after full discussion.
Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea, Defend the Family and Defend the Country
Not only did Chairman Mao decide to send troops, Chairman Mao also sent his eldest son, Mao Anying, to the battlefield, practicing the responsibility and selflessness of a leader with actions.
Mao Anying studied in the Soviet Union for many years and was fluent in Russian, and after entering the DPRK, he was arranged by Peng Dehuai to work as a Russian translator and secretary in Zhisi.
Because of the lack of air supremacy, Shiji was often bombed by the US army, and even the commander of the First Army, Peng Dehuai, encountered several dangerous situations. On November 25, 1950, the headquarters of the Volunteer Army was again bombed by American aircraft, and the incendiary bombs were released and a raging fire was ignited on the ground, that is, in this bombing, Mao An heroically sacrificed.
The sudden bad news made Peng Dehuai grief-stricken, and he was silent for a long time before he sent the news of Mao Anying's sacrifice back to China with an extremely guilty feeling. After Premier Zhou received the telegram, he was caught in a dilemma. After the volunteer army entered the DPRK, Chairman Mao paid close attention to the korean war in great detail, often stayed up all night, worked very hard, and recently suffered from a cold.
After much deliberation, Premier Zhou decided to put the telegram on hold for the time being and make plans after the war situation in Korea was stable and Chairman Mao's health was well.
Mao Anying
In the blink of an eye, it was New Year's Day in 1951, and after a bitter battle, the Chinese Volunteer Army won the third battle into the DPRK, and the United Nations army withdrew.
Taking advantage of this gap, Premier Zhou sent the telegram to Chairman Mao with a deep feeling of sorrow, and attached a letter saying: Mao Anying's sacrifice was glorious, and at that time, because you were in poor health, you did not send this telegram for reading. Chairman Mao's guard, Ye Zilong, saw the telegram and quickly handed it over to Chairman Mao.
Premier Zhou's letter and telegram conveying bad news were not long, but Chairman Mao read it for a long time, and then he said in a low voice: War, there will always be casualties.
In just one sentence, behind the seemingly light wind and clouds, there is actually a father's unspeakable grief.
Chairman Mao separated from Mao Anying at a very young age, and it was not until 1945 that the father and son, who had been separated for more than ten years, were reunited in Yan'an, and now, only enjoying the joy of heaven for a few years, and the eternal separation of people, the grief in Chairman Mao's heart can be imagined. In fact, it is also true that Mao Anying's sacrifice dealt a major blow to Chairman Mao, and he even had the idea of going to the countryside to rest, who had always refrainished himself and served the public. However, at that time, the world was complicated, and most of the official affairs needed to be handled by him, so he has not been able to make the trip.
In particular, there were also new changes in the Korean battlefield at this time, and after the new defeat of the United Nations army, it quickly organized a large-scale counterattack. The united Nations army ground commander Ridgway used "magnetic tactics" to bring many troubles to the volunteer army with logistical supply difficulties, and in desperation, the volunteer army had to carry out strategic contraction.
The situation on the battlefield changed, and Peng Dehuai immediately flew back to Beijing for support. As soon as he got off the plane, he didn't have any food to eat, so he rushed to the New Sixth House to meet Chairman Mao.
After Peng Dehuai saw Chairman Mao, he remembered the scene where Chairman Mao set up a banquet to send off before entering the DPRK, and Mao Anying was accompanying him, and his heart was full of sentimentality, and the water mist in his eyes was filled. Seeing Peng Dehuai like this, Chairman Mao instead comforted him and caused Peng Dehuai to cry even more.
At present, the great enemy can only put aside the sons and daughters of the chief, the battlefield situation is urgent, it must be resolved as soon as possible, Peng Dehuai returned to China this time in the hope of solving the problem of logistical supply, because of the unfavorable logistical support, it led to no more casualties than necessary for the frontline soldiers. After the meeting and discussion of this matter, Peng Dehuai went to the New Sixth Institute twice to discuss with Chairman Mao the question of the rotation of troops to participate in the war, and at the same time to determine the time for the air force, artillery and tank troops to be dispatched, as well as to call Stalin to ask the Soviet Air Force to cover the rear lines of communication of the volunteer army.
It was not until all these things had been arranged that Chairman Mao formally proposed that he wanted to go to the countryside to recuperate, and the Central Committee, considering that Chairman Mao was suffering great mental pain, decided to let him recuperate for a period of time near Beijing, and the location was chosen in Shijiazhuang.
Mao Zedong, Peng Dehuai
Chairman Mao was originally scheduled to leave on the afternoon of February 27, and then changed to the 28th, but for some reason it was postponed. It was not until the evening of March 2 that Chairman Mao braved the wind and snow to go to Qinghuayuan Station, and then took a special train to Shijiazhuang. When passing by Baoding Station, Chairman Mao saw that there was heavy snow outside and had not stopped, so he decided not to move forward and stay in Baoding overnight, so as not to disturb the reception staff in Shijiazhuang in the middle of the night.
At night, the special train stops at the fork near Taoshang Village between baoding's southern suburbs and the airport for the night. After a night's rest, Chairman Mao arrived at the Shijiazhuang Nursery The next day. The people accompanying Chairman Mao to Shijiazhuang were Yang Shangkun, director of the CPC Central Committee Office, Luo Ruiqing, minister of public security, and Ye Zilong, secretary.
Saying that it is to go to Shijiazhuang to recuperate is actually to change places to continue working. Chairman Mao's work and rest were the same as before, resting around 8 o'clock in the morning and getting up at three or four o'clock in the afternoon to work. In addition to work, his only rest is to walk in the courtyard, and when he is in a good mood, he will sing two sentences of Peking Opera or Hunan flower drum opera to the empty courtyard to adjust the tense nerves.
In addition, he occasionally plays poker with the staff, and the rest of the time he works at the desk.
This time in Shijiazhuang. Chairman Mao accomplished a total of three major events.
Mao Zedong
The first thing was to compile the Selected Works of Mao Zedong.
This was Mao Zedong's main task during his recuperation period, and it was also the reason for the final determination to come to the Shijiazhuang Nursery.
Mao Zedong once said to Wang Dongxing:
"There are too many things to do in Beijing, so we must find a place and concentrate on it. "Mao Xuan" is now needed by China, and the Soviet Union is also urging it to concentrate on making a surprise attack. To find a place, don't be too far from Beijing. It is forbidden to occupy the houses of ordinary people, nor to live in guest houses. ”
In the end, Wang Dongxing chose Shijiazhuang Nursery School.
In fact, the publishing committee of "Mao Xuan" had already sorted out many manuscripts for Chairman Mao to examine and approve, but he was busy with his work and had no time, and this recuperation was a rare opportunity.
Chairman Mao examined each of the manuscripts handed over in detail and repeatedly deliberated them. Each manuscript had to be read back and forth several times, and the staff was instructed to "send me to see it after school." It can be said that in compiling "Mao Xuan", Chairman Mao made great painstaking efforts.
"Mao Xuan"
The second thing is to guide the national counter-movement.
At this time, the new China had just been founded, and there were still a large number of Kuomintang agents and other counter-revolutionaries lurking throughout the country. The backbone of these counter-revolutionary groups are always ready to carry out sabotage activities against the nascent people's power, so resolutely suppressing all counter-revolutionaries is an urgent task for consolidating the nascent people's power and consolidating and developing the fruits of the victory of the Chinese people.
During the two months of recuperation in Shijiazhuang, Chairman Mao's most widely read official documents were documents on the town of rebellion, which were available almost every day.
Chairman Mao was also particularly concerned about this. At that time, the town counter-movement in Shijiazhuang district entered a climax, and several public trial conferences of 10,000 people were held consecutively, and several groups of counter-revolutionaries were dealt with. Once, the Shijiazhuang Municipal Party Committee held a public trial meeting with 30,000 participants near the nursery school, and Chairman Mao proposed to go and have a look, but the comrades of the Municipal Party Committee considered Chairman Mao's safety and several times dissuaded him, which made him dispel his thoughts, but from here it can also be seen that he attaches great importance to the town counter-movement.
The third thing, of course, is the war to resist US aggression and aid Korea.
Although Chairman Mao was recuperating, he had been paying close attention to the situation in Korea, and during his recuperation, the volunteer officers and men had just launched the fourth campaign, and he had to inquire about the situation on the battlefield every day, and the telegrams sent by Peng Dehuai to the central authorities had to be transferred to Shijiazhuang.
Town counter-movement
Through history, we are looking at these three major events today, each of which has far-reaching significance.
The first: Concentrating on compiling the "Selected Works of Mao Zedong" has given us spiritual food for harvesting Chairman Mao's thought.
The second is to guide the national township counter-movement, which provides a guarantee for consolidating the nascent political power and ensuring the smooth progress of land reform and economic restoration.
The third: focusing on guiding the fourth campaign of the Korean War provided the guiding ideology for the final victory of the campaign and created favorable conditions for the fifth campaign.
Chairman Mao still did not forget to build the motherland even when he rested, and he never forgot his responsibility and mission even when he was hurt.
It is an example for us to learn from.