The I Ching provides a mysterious hint to the fate of the lyricist Xin Renjie.
That was when he was young, Xin abandoned the disease and classmates
Dang Huaiying
Let's go to the fortune teller and use the I Ching to measure the future. Dang Huaiying won the "Kan" gua and decided to stay in the Jin Dynasty. Kan, is the pit. "Kan" describes the risks and also provides a way to crack it.
Xin abandoned the disease and got the "Departure" gua, so he decided to go south to the territory of the Southern Song Dynasty. Away, the false "Li" is a magnificent scene of the sun coming out. The "Yan" in the "Departure" gua has the words "the sun and the moon are beautiful in the sky, and the grass and trees in the hundred valleys are beautiful in the earth", symbolizing the thriving scene of life's struggle. In more colloquial terms, it is Xin Who has been given a hint of some fate and asked him to toss it.
▲Portrait of Xin Abandoned Disease.
1
Xin abandons the disease is not blind tossing. Born in Jinan in 1140, he grew up in a family of cadres. His grandfather, Simzan, later made a county decree. Xin abandoned the disease and followed him to Bozhou. In Bozhou, Xin abandoned his illness and taught with well-known local intellectuals
Liu Zhan
Learn under your name.
At this time, he became acquainted with his classmate Dang Huaiying. Xin And Dang Huaiying were the two most talented of their classmates and soon stood out. The two were known to the local intellectuals
"Sim Party"
。 In ancient times, it was highly rated to be called that. For example, Xin Abandoned Disease and Su Shi of the Northern Song Dynasty were called by posterity
"Susin"
。
In the blink of an eye, it was time for both of them to grow up and start going their separate ways. One day, the two men went up to the top of a mountain with wine. Xin Zhiyi said to Dang Huaiying: "My friend is safe here, and Yu will pass away from now on." The two of them drank bitterly, said goodbye, and never met again. At that time, bei was basically a farewell, and "west out of the Yang Guan no reason" is a type. Because the place where they were born and grew up was the territory of the Jin Dynasty, standing in the position of the Southern Song Dynasty was equivalent to "falling zone".
Although he grew up in the "Occupied Areas", Xin Abandoned Disease had a heart of the Southern Song Dynasty. Grandfather
Simzan
He was an official of the Occupied Area. But in his heart, he loved the Southern Song Dynasty, and he also thought of the day when the Song Dynasty would restore the Central Plains. When the Southern Song Dynasty was founded, it was forced by the large number of ethnic groups and unable to migrate, so Xin Zan stayed in the north. When he had time, he often took his children and grandchildren to the heights and far-sighted areas to analyze the geographical situation. In 1157, Xin abandoned his illness and went to Yanjing, the capital of the Jin Dynasty, to catch the examination, but was unsuccessful.
Three years later, he went to Yanjing again. But this time, the direction of his life changed. Going to Yanjing twice, Xin abandoned the disease in addition to catching up with the examination, but also inspected the geographical situation along the way. These expeditions laid the foundation for his future military career.
In 1161, the Jin Dynasty launched a war against the Southern Song Dynasty. Xin is facing a major life choice. His choice was the Southern Song Dynasty. In this way, the scene at the beginning of this article occurred where he and his classmates went their separate ways. In a mountainous area near Jinan, Xin organized a peasant rebel army. He then defected to the local rebel leader
Geng Jing
In the peasant rebel army, most of them were illiterate,
Unsurprisingly, Xin became the leader of the clerical service and held his first official position: secretary.-
Geng Jing's team then merged with the monks
Righteous end
of troops. Although Yi duan was also anti-Jin and could talk to Xin On military issues, his position was not firm.
One day, he escaped from the rebel army and stole the Great Seal that Xin was in charge of. If Yiduan had taken the Great Seal with him to surrender to the Jin Dynasty, the losses of the rebel army would have been great. Because of this, Geng Jing wanted to execute Xin Shuyi. At this time, Xin Zhiyi faced the first major test of his life. He said to Geng Jing, "If I have three dates, if I don't get it, I will die before it's too late." After making this promise, Xin abandoned his illness and immediately went after Yiduan and captured him. Ignoring Yiduan's pleas, Xin beheaded him and took his head to report to Geng Jing. Geng Jing was also surprised to see this scene.
▲Stills of Xin Abandoning Disease.
At the age of twenty-three, Xin set foot on the land of the Southern Song Dynasty for the first time.
Geng Jing sent people to worship the Southern Song Dynasty court. At this time, the highly educated Xin Abandoned Disease had a place to play. In Jiankang, they met the Southern Song Emperor Zhao Shuo. Xin was also given the title of Right Chengwu Lang. But by the time they returned, something big had happened.
In the ranks of the rebel army, Zhang Anguo and others rebelled, killed Geng Jing, and went to defect to the Jin Dynasty. At this time, Xin Renjie once again showed his ability to be brave and strategic. He and the commander Wang Shilong and others went straight to the Jin camp and saw Zhang Anguozheng drinking with the Jin Dynasty generals. Taking advantage of his lack of preparation, they captured Zhang Anguo and left. The Golden Army was ready to catch up. As soon as they arrived, they shouted that the 100,000 troops of the Southern Song Dynasty were coming. The Golden Army stopped. Zhang Anguo was subsequently beheaded.
After these several military baptisms, Xin Has grown into a mature and stable general.
2
At the age of twenty-three, Xin was appointed to jiangyin to sign the sentence, officially beginning the experience of being an official in the Southern Song Dynasty. However, living in a quiet place is not an ambition to abandon the disease. At the age of twenty-six, he presented the southern Song Dynasty court with a widely known one
Ten Treatises on Beauty Parsley
。 This is a comprehensive discussion of current politics and military affairs. "Ten Treatises on Meiqin" embodies Xin's lifelong ideal of fighting. His central point is that the Jin Dynasty was not as powerful as it thought, but had many Achilles heels. The Southern Song Dynasty should be prepared to revive the great cause. The ideal of restoring the great cause is also often present in his writings. In a song called "Nian Nu Jiao", he lamented,
"Where is the Tiger Dragon Pan?" There are only rises and downs. ”
He admired the chancellor Yu Yunwen and wrote to the latter. Yu Yunwen's body reflected the regret of the main battle party for the passage of time. For example, he said,
"When the opportunity comes, there is no room for it, so why hold on to this protracted plan?"
”
▲ Yu Yunwen's "Suitable For Creation".
Xin's series of letters embodied his mature and systematic political and military concepts. But he's not a man who only knows how to talk. For example, during his tenure as the Governor of Chuzhou, he demonstrated the ability of governance. Chuzhou was the battlefield of the Song-Jin Tug-of-War. When he arrived, after years of war, a large number of people ran away. Xin abandoned the disease through various means to attract farmers, but also through tax cuts to attract all kinds of businessmen. Commerce has rejuvenated the city.
After half a year, he let Chuzhou get out of a semi-desolate state. Bunji's success allowed him to gain a wide reputation in the official arena. In 1175, Xin was appointed commander of the tea merchant army, demonstrating his martial arts. The Tea Merchant Army is the armed force organized by the tea merchants to protect the safety of tea merchants' trafficking in the era of war and chaos, and was first established in the Jingnan area of Hubei Province. In contrast, another famous contingent in modern times is the Shang Tuan Army in Guangzhou during the Republic of China period. After the tea merchant army slowly grew, it posed a threat to the southern Song dynasty court. Xin abandoned the disease and mobilized strong township soldiers and archers to go deep into the mountains and crush the tea merchant army.
However, although Xin had excellent military talent, he did not have the opportunity to use it on a larger stage: the battle against the Jin Dynasty. In a famous poem "Bodhisattva Man", he issued his own sigh -
Yu Lonely platform under the Qingjiang River, how many pedestrians in the middle of the tears. Looking northwest to Chang'an, poor countless mountains. The green mountains can't cover it, after all, it flows east. Jiang Wanzheng was worried, and the mountain smelled of partridges.
During his tenure as deputy envoy to Jinghu South Road, Xin wrote a letter to the emperor reflecting his deep sympathy for the suffering of the people, "Therefore, the people of the fields, the county is harmed by gathering, the county is harmed by the branch, the officials are harmed by begging, the haomin surname is harmed by annexation, and the thieves are killed by plagiarism, and the subjects are said not to be safe for thieves. ”
In this letter, he analyzes the reasons why the people were forced to steal. But sympathy is sympathy, and Xin is extremely harsh on the issue of governing thieves. His way is to catch the thief and kill him, not to exhaust the ins and outs. As a result, thieves in his jurisdiction were almost extinct. It is difficult to match this harshness with his tenderness as a lyricist. But back in the historical context, they are effective ways of governing society. Xin Qijie combined caring and compassion for the people with a severe crackdown on profiteers.
In 1180, Xin was appointed prefect of Longxing Province. He had just taken office when he was hit by a major drought. Famine is coming, what to do? Xin continued his iron fist technique. He posted eight big words at the intersection,
"Those who close the fence, those who are strong cut"
。 That is to say, in the face of drought, those who hoard grain must be sold, otherwise they must be distributed. Those who forcibly grab food from the population with food shall be beheaded. This is the first step in maintaining order.
The second step is to revitalize the market through commercial means to save the crisis. Xin abandoned the disease and asked people from all walks of life to recommend some shrewd and capable people to come out. Then the government lent these people the principal for a period of one month, and let them buy grain everywhere to sell in Longxing Province. After the grain was sold, these temporary merchants repaid only the government principal and did not pay interest. In this way, a large amount of grain was transported to Longxing Province, and local grain prices plummeted. Local residents survived a famine.
3
Next to the belt lake in Shangrao, Jiangxi, Xin abandoned the disease and built a house. He opened up rice paddies on all four sides. This lakeside residence was named after him
"Jiaxuan"
。 This title later became his pen name. Xin abandoned his illness many times in his life, and all of them returned to live here. In the Southern Song Dynasty, a Taiwan official cobbled together various rumors and impeached Xin, saying that he "used money like mud and sand, and killed people like grass and mustard." As a result, Xin was deposed for the first time. This dismissal led him to live idly in Shangrao's "Jiaxuan" for ten years.
Unlike Tao Yuanming's retreat complex, Xin Abandoned Disease is a kind of "Jiaxuan"
"Hidden from the Heart"
state. In the past, Tao Yuanming had a verse in the RongMa Shu (戎馬偬) that reads, "Dream of Garden Day, Ande Long Separation". But the retreat of Xin Abandoned Disease is more of a state of unambitiousness, and he often thinks about the national plan. For example, in a poem "Water Dragon Yin" composed during his idle life, he wrote,
"Yifu people, Shenzhou Shenlu, how many times have you looked back?" Counting the pingrong wanli, the name of the merit is, true Confucianism, is it known? ”
Xin Abandoned Disease and Eastern Zhejiang Intellectuals
Chen Liang
The intersection is quite deep. Chen Liang also had a situation that Huai Cai did not encounter. In the long idleness of Xin Renyi, the two had been together for more than ten days. From this interaction, we can see the loneliness of Xin Renyi. When he sent Chen Liang away, he was reluctant to send it away. After the two men resigned, Xin abandoned the disease and chased after them again. He didn't give up until the snow in the heron forest blocked the way. After staying with a family in the evening, he expressed his sad state of mind in a song "Greeting the Groom":
The beauty is heavy and light. The qing river, the cold weather does not cross, the water is deep and frozen. The road breaks the wheels in all four corners, and the pedestrians here are pinned. Ask who made it, and the king will be distraught. Cast and now lovesickness is wrong, and it is expected that at the beginning, it will exhaust the iron of the world. Long night flute, mo blow crack!
Like many officials of the Two Song Dynasties, Xin experienced a capricious official depose and use. When he was used again, he was fifty-three years old. His ambitions are
"Think of that year, Jingo iron horse, swallowed like a tiger"
That is, to march north and recover the Central Plains. But the reality is that although he has put forward such systematic and profound military and political propositions as the "Ten Treatises on Meiqin", he has at most been appointed to some official positions that are not big or small and have nothing to do with the overall situation. The famous poet Lu You and Xin Shuyi also had contacts. In a long poem, he summed up Xin's encounter with the disease,
"Ten years of lying high and not going out, see through the Words of Nanzong Cattle Herding"
。 Another famous person who had a relationship with Xin Zhiyi was
Zhu Xi
This Southern Song Dynasty great Confucian also joined the ranks of the unambitious. The reason was that his learning was suppressed by the Southern Song Court and he was labeled a political hat as "pseudo-science". Zhu Xi himself is also known as the "Master of Pseudoscience". At that time, the official was sponsored to declare that he was not a "pseudo-academic anti-party" person. Students who take the imperial examination should also declare in advance and draw a clear line with "pseudo-learning". Fifty-nine important people were implicated in this "pseudoscience" incident. In such a political atmosphere, dealing with Zhu Xi became a very risky thing, let alone inheriting his teachings. However, Xin renounced his illness and was not afraid of power, and still met Zhu Xi many times, because he admired Zhu Xi's learning and personality. In 1200, Zhu Xi fell ill and died in WuyiShan. The court of the Southern Song Dynasty issued an edict prohibiting all disciples from going to pay homage. Some of Zhu Xi's students, out of fear, did not dare to go forward. However, Xin Renyi did not fear these prohibitions and personally went to Wuyi Mountain to pay tribute to Zhu Xi. His altar consists of these sentences,
"The immortal, the name of the world." It is said that the public is dead, and the cold is still alive."
▲Portrait of Zhu Xi.
Later in his life, in the context of the use of troops against Jin, the Southern Song Court reactivated Xin Abandoned Disease, but did not place him in an important position in the unified army. Such an arrangement is not without benefits.
The Southern Song Dynasty had one less top general, but one more word.
In 1207, shortly after the arrival of the new official position, the sixty-eight-year-old Xin died of illness. "Honest and old, can you still eat?" In this "Eternal Encounter" a few years before his death, Xin Abandoned Disease seemed to be self-deprecating and incomprehensible.
But like his old friend Lu You, he could not see the scene of "Wang Shi Bei Ding Zhongyuan Day".