As the founder and commander of the Huai Army and the Beiyang Marine Division, and one of the leaders of the Western Affairs Movement, Li Hongzhang, a major minister in the late Qing Dynasty, participated in the suppression of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom and the Twisting Army Uprising, as well as the Foreign Affairs Movement and the Sino-Japanese War, and was most famous for signing many unequal treaties with Western powers on behalf of the Qing government.
Li Hongzhang's mother was Li Shi, the daughter of Li Hongmo of the same county, but was abandoned because of smallpox, and was later rescued by Li Hongzhang's grandfather Li Dianhua, and when he grew up, Li Shi and Li Dianhua's son Li Wen'an fell in love, and Li Dianhua was also willing to complete a marriage, and since then Li Shi has become the daughter-in-law of the Li family.
After Li Wen'an died of illness in the Tuanlian Gong office in 1855, Li Shi followed two sons who were governors, and also received repeated favors from the emperor, living peacefully to the age of 82, the picture below is Li's old photo, taken in Tianjin in 1871.
Although Li Hongzhang's brother Li Hanzhang was not as big as Li Hongzhang's in the official field, he also served as the governor of Liangguang, served as a logistics officer for the Xiang Army, and when he was young, he followed Zeng Guofan to learn the "study of the world".
Li Hongzhang's original wife, Zhou Shi, was married when he first entered the career, after marriage Qin Ser and Ming, but in 1861, Zhou Shi died of illness and did not leave any heirs, after which Li Hongzhang married Zhao Xiaolian, the daughter of Zhao Qiao of the Taihu Wang clan, the side room was Mo's, and the concubine was Dongmei, and the following is a photo of Zhao Xiaolian and her daughter Li Ju couple.
Her daughter is a girl from a large family at first glance, but Li Ju coupling later married Zhang Peilun, who was 22 years older than her, as a concubine, and had a son after marriage, Zhang Zhiyi, the father of the writer Zhang Ailing; and the picture below is an old photo of Li Hongzhang's concubine Dongmei, who looks pure and pure, comparable to a modern actress.
This is a photo of Li Hongzhang and his descendants, Li Hongzhang's eldest son Li Jingfang is actually the son of the sixth brother Li Zhaoqing, because Li Hongzhang and the Zhou clan have no heirs, so Li Jingfang passed on to Li Hongzhang, successively serving as a minister to Japan, a minister to Britain, and a left waiter in the Ministry of Posts and Communications.
Li Jingfang once followed Li Hongzhang to Maguan and signed the "Maguan Treaty" with Japan on behalf of the Qing government, which had a great impact on Li Jingfang, even if he wanted to argue with the Japanese side at the negotiating table, but was stopped by Li Hongzhang.
Li Jingfang died in 1934, his wife was the daughter of Liu Bingzhang, the governor of Sichuan; Li Jingshu was the son of Li Hongzhang and Zhao Xiaolian, a poet and counselor of Sanpin, who also followed li Hongzhang shortly after his death, and it is said that because of the grief of his father's death, he committed suicide by swallowing gold.
However, Li Jingshu's son Li Guojie was also very famous, and he married the daughter of Zhang Zhidong's brother.
Li Jingmai is the younger son of Li Hongzhang, in 1905, he was sent to Austria as a minister, and 5 years later as an attaché to Japan, Europe and the United States to investigate the military, after the Xinhai Revolution, he lived in Shanghai, and also participated in the restoration activities of Zhang Xun, the widow of the Qing Dynasty, and still lived in Shanghai after the defeat, living until 1938.
The last one is the Lady of the Commandments of the Qing Dynasty, who although she has no real power, has the title of Lady of the Commandments, and the one who can be crowned as the Lady of the Commandments is the mother or wife of one to five officials, and the six to seven articles are given edicts.
According to the "Great Qing Dynasty Canonical Examples of Officials' Seals and Gifts": "It is from the three products, grandmothers, mothers, wives, each of which is given to the lady. It is from the four products, the mother, the wife, each of which is given to the people. It is from the five products, mother, wife, each gift pleasant. It is from the six pins, mother, wife, and gift to the annunciation. ”