History is the memory of things that have been said and done. —Carl Baker
In 1279, the Southern Song Dynasty fell, and the Huaxia Dynasty fell into the hands of foreign races for the first time. When the Southern Song Dynasty fell, many loyal subjects emerged, and at the same time, many national scum appeared, especially the talented son of the Yuan, Liu Mengyan.
Liu Mengyan is a native of Quzhou, Zhejiang Province, who has been clever and clever since childhood, and is familiar with reading Confucian classics. Song Lizong Chunyou for four years, Liu Mengyan high school champion. During the Southern Song Dynasty, Yuanyuan has always been highly valued, so Liu Mengyan rose step by step, and has always been the prime minister and controls the power of soldiers and horses in the world.
Although Liu Mengyan is only eight buckets tall, he is essentially a despicable villain. At that time, the Mongol army repeatedly invaded the Song Dynasty, and the Song Dynasty only had the ability to fight back, and did not have the strength to fight back. But Liu Mengyan did not think of resisting, and all day long he was thinking of plotting and fighting with his heart and sneaking up on the horse. In the middle of the dynasty, Liu Mengyan had always been a surrender faction, and had always advocated tribute to the Mongols. However, the Mongols were determined to destroy the Southern Song Dynasty, so how could they agree to their request for submission?
Liu Mengyan saw that his surrender policy did not work, so in 1275 he had a "serious illness" and simply ignored it. However, how could the Southern Song Dynasty monarchs let him go, the emperor and the empress dowager and the ministers came to the door many times, and they must leave Mengyan out of the mountains to preside over the overall situation. However, Liu Mengyan has always been an excuse to be ill and refuses to come forward. At the emperor's repeated requests, Liu Mengyan himself felt embarrassed, so he reluctantly agreed to go out of the mountain.
After the important town of Xiangyang was breached, the Jianghan Plain lost its barrier and became a racetrack for the Mongol army. The Mongols marched on land and water, probably reaching the vicinity of Lin'an, the capital of Peidu. Although Liu Mengyan was ostensibly the commander of the whole army, in fact, he had already planned an escape route, and as long as the momentum was not good, he would immediately flee. In the end, when the war was at its most anxious, Liu Mengyan escaped from the battle and ran back to his hometown in Quzhou and hid.
Liu Mengyan had just returned to his hometown, and the Mongols followed, and Liu Mengyan not only did not organize resistance, but on the contrary, he suppressed the generals in the city with the authority of the prime minister, so that the Mongols took the entire city without bloodshed. Hearing that Liu Mengyan surrendered, Kublai Khan, the ancestor of the Yuan Dynasty, was still very happy, after all, this person was the prime minister of the Southern Song Dynasty. With him as a traitor, the resistance forces of the Southern Song Dynasty will inevitably be solved. Among them, Wen Tianxiang, whom he had always admired, would also surrender.
However, Kublai Khan was wrong, and Wen Tianxiang was not ready to surrender at all. On the contrary, after hearing that Liu Mengyan had surrendered to the enemy, Wen Tianxiang also wrote a poem to satirize this villain:
In the hundred years of success or failure, I smiled and saw that the Keshan bureau was not over. The Golden Horse swims into the old rain, and the copper camel hates the west wind.
The black head boasted that Jiang Zong, a cold-toothed man, could speak of the princes. Dragon head Huang Zhenyi dreamed, dreaming of returning to see Jiangdong.
In Wen Tianxiang's view, Liu Mengyan is simply a shame for Jiangdong and does not deserve to be compared with himself. Liu Mengyan was furious when he heard about this, and from then on he and Wen Tianxiang formed a bond. Soon after, Wen Tianxiang was defeated and captured, and was escorted to Dadu. Kublai Khan repeatedly persuaded Wen Tianxiang to become an official of the Great Yuan. After hearing this, Liu Mengyan quickly jumped out and said to Kublai Khan: "If Wen Tianxiang does not die, other Jiangnan righteous soldiers will inevitably use him as a banner, and the consequences will be unimaginable." Besides, where did you summon Wen Tianxiang and place those of us who had defected to the Holy Pilgrimage?"
When Kublai Khan heard this, he felt that it was very reasonable, so he ordered Wen Tianxiang to be beheaded. Originally, Wen Tianxiang might be able to save his life and be imprisoned for life, but it was because of Liu Mengyan's words that he was forced into a dead end. In the Yuan Dynasty, Liu Mengyan's official Yun Hengtong also achieved the position of prime minister. In 1295, Liu Mengyan died at the age of 75, which can really be described as "a thief if you are old and do not die"!
Liu Mengyan enjoyed all the glory and wealth in his lifetime, but after his death, his descendants suffered. After the establishment of the Ming Dynasty, Zhu Yuanzhang went everywhere to punish the descendants of the scum of the nation who betrayed the Song Dynasty, of which the descendants of Liu Mengyan bore the brunt of it. Zhu Yuanzhang ordered: All men with the surname Liu must prove that they are not descendants of Liu Mengyan, otherwise they are not allowed to participate in the examination. The direct descendants of Liu Mengyan were all demoted to untouchables and engaged in untouchable positions. In the ming dynasty, liu Mengyan's descendants were like street rats and lived a poor life. And Quzhou is even more circulating a sentence: "Two Zhejiang have dreamitis, two Zhejiang shame also!" ”
In the Qing Dynasty, the dalit system was abolished by the Yongzheng Emperor, but Liu Mengyan's descendants were still not allowed to participate in the imperial examination. Legend has it that a talented man with the surname Liu participated in the imperial examination and was admitted to the jinshi. At the palace, Qianlong asked Caizi, "What is your last name?" Caizi replied, "My last name is Liu!" Qianlong continued, "Are you after the Southern Song Dynasty Prime Minister Liu Mengyan?" Caizi replied, "Exactly." After hearing this, Qianlong said to the left and right: "After this person is a traitor, he will immediately remove his meritorious name, and his descendants will not be allowed to participate in scientific expeditions in the future!" Although the Qianlong Emperor was a foreign emperor, he hated disloyal and unrighteous people the most, after all, even Hong Chengzu, who had defected to the Qing Dynasty, had become a "second subject". Liu Mengyan, this old man, can harm his own children and grandchildren!