During the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, Zhao Hongwenguo destroyed her family to relieve difficulties and fought with her family, and even the leaders of the state were full of admiration for her righteous deeds. At one point, she also joined the Eighth Route Army. However, when the country had been liberated and Peaceful, she was nearly 70 years old and formed an army to serve as bandits. What's going on?
Zhao Hongwenguo is a Manchu, real name Hong Wenguo, born in 1881, because of the husband's surname Zhao, so the crown husband's surname is Zhao Hongwenguo.
Zhao Hongwenguo was originally a housewife, but the "9.18" incident changed the trajectory of her life.
At this time, Zhao Hongwenguo was 51 years old, although she was over the age of Hua Jia, but she lived between white clouds and black water, but she was a very patriotic person.
In order to resist Japan, Zhao Hongwenguo not only sold his property and raised funds for the anti-Japanese resistance, but also mobilized her family to actively resist Japan.
Under the influence of Zhao Hongwenguo, her third son Zhao Tong, regardless of the danger to his life, gave anti-Japanese speeches everywhere and established a "Northeast People's Self-Defense Army".
In order to facilitate the development of anti-Japanese work, Zhao Hongwenguo also used his home as a base point for resisting Japan, which was used to exchange information on the one hand, and also to promote anti-Japanese work on the other hand.
Not only that, at that time, the Kwantung Army carried out slave education in the three eastern provinces, and did not allow elementary school students to learn Chinese and learn Japanese instead.
In order to let the primary school students not forget their roots and not to be slaves to the country, Zhao Hongwenguo invested funds to renovate the Zhao Jiabaozi Primary School damaged by the war and personally taught the Chinese language.
In addition to teaching, Zhao Hongwenguo also went around propagating anti-Japanese propaganda. Many of the teachers affected became anti-Japanese activists.
As the ranks grew, Zhao Dong and others fought against the Japanese army several times, and many times won more with less. This greatly inspired people's hearts and inspired more people's determination to patriotically resist Japan.
With the help of Zhao Hongwenguo, the second son, Zhao Lianjun, also formed a "young iron-blooded army". This armed force often joined forces with the Northeast People's Self-Defense Army to fight against the Kwantung Army, and was still under the overall command of Zhao Dong.
Her sons were all fighting on the front line, and Zhao Hongwenguo was not idle, on the one hand, she was responsible for purchasing and preserving weapons, on the other hand, she also tried to find ways to collect Japanese and fake intelligence.
In 1934, the Japanese discovered that Zhao Hongwenguo's home was the base of the Young Predator Army, and a fire burned her 16 rooms and family property.
After more than 30 years of family business being destroyed, Zhao Hongwenguo did not give up, but strengthened his belief in resisting Japan.
After this, Zhao Hongwenguo purchased printing machines, printed a large number of anti-Japanese propaganda materials, and went around giving speeches to collect donations to raise donations for the anti-Japanese resistance.
Under the propaganda of Zhao Hongwenguo, many people threw themselves into the anti-Japanese resistance, which caused great headaches for the Japanese and pseudo-Japanese.
Later, under the betrayal of the traitors, Zhao Hongwenguo and his family, who were temporarily living in the Zhao family fort, were arrested and imprisoned by the Japanese. At the same time, the Zhao family and more than 300 villagers were also implicated and detained in prison.
Although the Japanese and the puppets severely tortured And did everything they could to induce Zhao Hongwenguo, Zhao Hongwenguo still refused to surrender.
Seeing that Zhao Hongwenguo was unusually stubborn, he decided to execute her secretly after reporting to the Japanese command.
At this moment, Zhao Dong captured the traitor Jiang Renjie.
Under the internal and external cooperation between him and Zhao Hongwenguo, the Japanese and the puppets had to exchange hostages. Zhao Hongwenguo and his family were thus released, and more than 300 ethnic and villagers who were affected by Zhulian were also rescued.
Since it had been exposed, Zhao Hongwenguo's situation was already very dangerous. Therefore, under the assignment of Zhao Tong, she took her husband and family to leave her hometown and move to the Beiping area to live, where she continued to do propaganda work for the War of Resistance and raised guns and ammunition.
Under the propaganda of Zhao Hongwenguo, many enthusiastic young people were thrown into zhao Dong's command.
Later, Zhao Dong's guerrilla unit was incorporated by the Eighth Route Army as the fifth detachment of the Jin-Cha-Ji Military Region, Zhao Tong was appointed commander, and Zhao Hongwenguo was appointed chief of staff.
However, at this time, Zhao Dong and the Eighth Route Army had a disagreement.
Zhao Dong believed that a united front with the Nationalist government should be united and join their regular army.
However, the Eighth Route Army in the ranks vigorously opposed it, believing that only relying on the Communist Party was the only way out.
After the conflict occurred, Chiang Kai-shek took the opportunity to extend an olive branch to Zhao Hongwenguo, not only cordially meeting her and marrying her, but also praising her as the "mother of the guerrillas" and compiling her deeds into the Scout textbook.
Not only that, in order to win over Zhao Hongwenguo, Chiang Kai-shek also named her a "propaganda instructor for the conscripts of the Ministry of Military Affairs and the National Women's Steering Committee," and at the same time gave Zhao Dong a title of "Major General Commander of the Second Road Appeasement General Headquarters of the Jin-Liao Border Region."
Chiang Kai-shek's actions moved both Zhao Hongwenguo and Zhao Dong. Soon, however, Zhao Tong was killed.
After Zhao Tong's death, in the eyes of the Nationalist government, Zhao Hongwenguo also lost the value of use. Zhao Hongwenguo, who was uncared for, was in Beiping until the eve of liberation, and she was said to have a very poor life as a small business.
In 1949, on the eve of the end of the civil war, Chiang Kai-shek, who was not willing to lose everything, thought of Zhao Hongwenguo. Therefore, he appointed her as the "Commander of the Second Road Appeasement of the Anti-Communist Guerrilla Force in the Southwest", and also allocated her a considerable amount of guns and ammunition, cars, radios and other materials, so that she could recruit troops and horses, so as to unite with the Nationalist army to oppose communism.
Zhao Hongwenguo, 68, quickly pulled up a team of Remnants of the Kuomintang and bandits in the Mianzhu area of Chengdu.
In order to force the local villagers to participate in the anti-communist war, Zhao Hongwenguo personally went to the townships to recruit soldiers and horses.
In the process, many townspeople were threatened.
For example, when Zhao Hongwenguo held an oath-taking meeting at the Mianzhu Three Sacred Palaces, in order to force the local villagers to participate in the uprising, she gathered all the villagers and killed more than 20 people of the communist army's grain collection staff and activists in front of them.
Afterwards, Zhao Hongwenguo made a speech and threatened the villagers to kill their entire families if they did not participate in the anti-communist uprising.
A villager named Zhang Baoming refused to give in and was killed on the spot. Not only that, under the orders of Zhao Hongwenguo, the bandits also gang-raped his daughter.
In 1950, after a long period of preparation, Zhao Hongwenguo led more than 20,000 bandits to attack Shifang County. However, they were ambushed halfway through and suffered heavy losses.
A few days later, Zhao Hongwenguo made a comeback and once again led the bandit army to attack the county seat of Shifang, but still failed. Zhao Hongwenguo had to retreat again with the remnants.
Although Zhao Hongwenguo was very cunning in the process of escaping, he escaped the pursuit of the People's Liberation Army several times, but was eventually captured by the People's Liberation Army. As for the remnants of the defeated soldiers who followed her, they were also completely annihilated by the People's Liberation Army.
After Zhao Hongwenguo was arrested, the government considered that she had made great contributions during the anti-Japanese period and should be kept under the knife.
However, because Zhao Hongwenguo killed too much, the local villagers hated her to the bone, and it was not enough for the civilians to be angry if they did not kill. In the end, Zhao Hongwenguo was executed by firing squad in July 1950.
(Reference historical materials: Bandits in the Republic of China Period, etc.)