The phosphatidyl inositol signaling pathway is one of the pathways of cell signal transduction.
First, let's understand what signal transduction is.
Multicellular organisms are an orderly and controllable cell society composed of multiple cells, and the cells need to cooperate with each other to complete life activities, then naturally they have to carry out information "communication" between them, and the information emitted by a signal emitted by the cell is transmitted to another signal receiving cell through the medium (can also be called a ligand), and interacts with the corresponding receptor, from receiving the information to causing the whole process of cell response is called signal transduction.
The signal that the signal from the cell is called the first messenger, and if this signal can't get into the cell, how do you get the signal in? At this time, the cell, stimulated by the first messenger, produces another messenger within the cell, called the second messenger. In the phosphatidyl inositol signaling pathway, the synthetic raw material of the second messenger is phosphatidyl inositol on the cell membrane, hence the name of this signaling pathway.
Let's take a look at the specific process of this pathway:
Extracellular signaling molecules bind to cell receptors to activate phospholipase C on the plasma membrane, and phospholipase C catalyzes phosphatidyl inositol on the cell membrane
After a series of chemical reactions, it is finally hydrolyzed to two second messengers of 1,4,5-triphosphate inositol (IP3) and diacylglycerol (DAG), which convert the extracellular signal into an intracellular signal.
IP3 increases the concentration of free Ca2+ in the cytoplasm by mobilizing endogenous calcium into the cytoplasmic matrix, thereby causing a cellular response;
DAG activates protein kinase C, and activated protein kinase C causes the substrate protein phosphoric acid to cause a cellular response.
Because this pathway produced two second messengers, the pathway was also known as the "dual messenger system."
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