There are many examples of emperors who have caused the calamity of killing themselves because of lust and greed, although the history books clearly record that they hope that future generations will learn from them, but the emperors of later generations are often the successors, and the phenomenon of "posterity and mourning for future generations" is not uncommon.
From the 10th to the 13th century AD, the period of the juxtaposition of ethnic minority regimes in Chinese history, the two Song Dynasties in this period, with tenacious vitality, survived in the cracks for hundreds of years. For the Song Dynasty, what it hated most was not the Liao state that signed the alliance of The Yuanyuan, nor the Western Xia, which sometimes called itself a vassal and sometimes an emperor, but the Jin State, which brought the shame of Jing Kang. Until the reign of Emperor Lizong of the Southern Song Dynasty, from the Tianzi king's subjects down to the common people, all of them hated the Jin soldiers to the bone, and the alliance with Mongolia and the resistance to Jin was the best proof. Dynasties have been filled with bloody killings, and cannibalism has never been the patent of the Han Dynasty, and there are unimaginable tragedies for those foreign dynasties that existed in the marginal period.
The Hailing King of the Jin Dynasty, Guanyan Liang, was the grandson of Jin Taizu's Wanyan Akuta, and the wild-natured Guanyanliang was a typical villain-type monarch. He once said that he had three major ambitions, the first was that he was responsible for all major affairs of the country, the second was to lead an army to attack other countries and bring the monarch of other countries to the Taimiao Temple to ask for guilt, and the third was to capture all the beautiful women in the world, all of which were included in his harem.
In 1149, When Emperor Xizong of Jin, who had just gone to bed, suddenly heard the sound of footsteps, Jin Xizong, who had a premonition, immediately stood up and asked, "Who is making noise here?" The footsteps stopped abruptly, and the surrounding area became silent, but the silence did not last long, and a large group of heavily armed soldiers poured into the palace. Kim Hee-jong finds things a little tricky and complicated and wants to get the self-defense sabre that has been placed on the bed for many years, but because he is too nervous, he does not know how to do it for a while. Immediately after that, a knife stabbed into his body, and suddenly the blood flowed, and in the sound of fighting and shouting, Jin Xizong stumbled to the ground, and he desperately raised his head to see this group of rebellious thieves. Jin Hee-jong struggled desperately to get up, trying to see who was in trouble, Jin Hee-jong followed the candlelight and looked wide-eyed, making him almost collapse, which was the cousin he grew up with, Wanyanliang. So what exactly contributed to the bloody slaughter of brothers?
All this must start from the background of the establishment of the Jin Dynasty, the establishment of the Jin Dynasty was completed by the concerted efforts of the Guanyan family, and the highest deliberative body was almost entirely controlled by the Guanyan clan, as early as the founding emperor Jin Taizu period, the imperial family's power has spread inside and outside the court. It is said that after Jin Taizu united with the Northern Song Dynasty to destroy the Liao, he sat down with his brothers and sisters to discuss the royal honor guard, so that the children of the clan who had made meritorious contributions could also live the emperor's addiction. The successor, Jin Taizong, because of his own initiative, spent money to enjoy it, but was beaten twenty times by those clan ministers who were in power and opposition, and the majesty of the emperor was wiped out.
For the major matter of the emperor's succession, the imperial family naturally refused to be vague, forcing Jin Taizong to pass the throne to Jin Taizu's eldest grandson, Guanyan Qi, which is what we just called Jin Xizong. Unlike his barbaric ancestors, Jin Xizong was carefully educated by Han Confucianism since childhood, and his degree of Sinicization was very deep, and he could write poems in Chinese and poetry. However, those clan nobles believed that Jin Xizong did not have any Jurchen posture at all, like the weak Tianzi of the Han Dynasty, so the prejudice against Jin Xizong gradually deepened.
The influence of the Central Plains culture on Jin Xizong was very deep, so it was natural to think that the dignity of the Son of Heaven was sacred and inviolable, and he was increasingly dissatisfied with the stereotypes of the clan nobility and dictatorship. What's more, whether Jin Xizong was able to take the throne or complete the merits of the Yan clan, the important affairs of the dynasty were firmly manipulated by these powerful ministers and nobles, and in the face of these meritorious nobles, the powerless Jin Xizong could not disobey the wishes of these powerful ministers. He began to borrow alcohol to dispel his sorrows in a depressed mood, and then developed into a hobby of killing excuses, and once again the drunken Jin Xizong actually drew out a sword and slashed and killed a minister of the dynasty, and then Later Jin Xizong's alcoholism became a common means of exterminating people.
Probably because Jin Xizong saw the advantages of using drunkenness as an excuse, he began to use the reason of delirium to randomly scold the courtiers and close attendants around him, and even personally drew his sword to kill people. In just one year, Jin Xizong killed dozens of princes and concubines, and even his empress was not spared, and such a cruel and inhumane act caused the court to shake and everyone to endanger themselves. Dogs are anxious to jump the wall, rabbits are anxious to bite people, Jin Xizong's alcoholism has become a word for civil and military officials to hear discoloration, and death is the fate that Jin Xizong has already doomed. However, Jin Xizong couldn't imagine that it was not a angry minister who seized his throne, but his own highly trusted Guan Yanliang, a cousin who was regarded as a brother by himself.
Jin Xizong, who lost his father at a young age, grew up under the care of Yan Liang's father, and he could not forget the favor of his adoptive father's meal, so his relationship with Yan Liang was like a brother, and the feelings of the brothers were good enough to wear a pair of pants. The first thing Jin Xizong did after he took the throne at the age of 17 was to vigorously promote The Mediocre Yan Liang, and repeatedly gave him the title of official and knight, and the high-ranking official Houlu along the way never broke. The angle of Yan Liang's self-examination is very rational, there are emperors who drink all day long to the point of not recognizing the six relatives, even if they are meritorious and rich, they cannot be a talisman, and may even provoke the disaster of killing that could have been avoided.
One year, in the first month of the year, Yan Liang invited his colleagues to a banquet on his birthday, and Jin Xizong asked the emissary to send a generous gift to his cousin, and when the empress learned about it, she also asked the guards to carry her own gifts. However, when Jin Xizong heard about this, he was reluctant to let the empress and the foreign ministers be inextricably linked, or perhaps because he was jealous and careful, jin Xizong sent people to stop the generous gift prepared by the empress. Although Jin Xizong's attitude towards Guanyan Liang was as good as ever, Guanyanliang could not help but be worried and uneasy, and he was afraid that he would not spend his life, and a subsequent incident further aggravated Guanyanliang's degree of anxiety.
In May of the same year, when the wind was fierce, lightning destroyed part of the palace, according to the Confucian concept of heaven and man induction, which was a warning sign that the heavens were giving the emperor a warning color, and the emperor had to look respectful in the face of this situation. For this kind of chewing on words, it is generally done by using Han scholars, and Jin Xizong asked Han Chen Zhang Jun to draft his own edict for himself, but he did not expect to cause a disaster. As a specific official text, the sinners will say some of the emperor's faults and express their remorse, perhaps not specifically referring to something, but just centering on "I was wrong" and "I am guilty", living away from an ancient text with no specific meaning.
Since it was written to the heavens, the emperor as the son of heaven should be modest, but the tyrannical Jin Xizong was very dissatisfied with this edict of sin drafted by Zhang Jun, because there were such official words as reprimanding himself. In addition, some villains provoked it, over-interpreting this sinful edict as a rebellious remark, saying that Zhang Jun was scolding Jin Xizong for being ignorant and faint. It is reasonable to say that Jin Xizong, who has a high level of Chinese, should be able to read this edict, but it is probably that he drank too much wine, resulting in a hot head, and the angry Jin Xizong ordered Zhang Jun to be beaten with a staff for hundreds of sticks on the spot. Seeing that the scarred Zhang Jun was still breathing, Jin Xizong personally drew his sword and cut open Zhang Jun's abdomen, mutilating him to death.
The remaining anger of Jin Xizong loudly questioned who was behind the scenes, and Emperor Yanzongxian, who had always been at odds with Yan Liang, took the opportunity to slander and make false accusations, and Jin Xizong, who was angry, issued an edict to demote Yan Liang out of Yanjing City. Although Jin Xizong, who was later discouraged, recalled GuanyanLiang again, the almost unsafe Guanyanliang could no longer believe the grace of his cousin, and he gradually developed the intention of rebellion and usurpation. Yan Liang's covetousness for the throne is not a day and a half, it can only be said that Jin Xizong's yin and yang uncertainty accelerated his coveting of the throne, and there were no fixed rules for the succession of the throne in the Jin Dynasty, so that Yan Liang also had the possibility of becoming an emperor.
Soon after, there was a long-planned coup d'état scene of Completed Yan Liang, and Jin Xizong's alcoholism provided an opportunity for Completed Yan Liang to take advantage of it, resulting in the smooth progress of Completed Yan Liang's usurpation of the throne, and finally he succeeded to the throne as he wished.
References: History of Jin, etc