" How nostalgic will buy a gas car "
"What's so good about the gas car except that it can smell a little gasoline?"
In the media interview session of the WEILAI ET5 conference, Li Bin said the above few words of "future", and he did not understand why there are still people buying oil trucks.
To be honest, Tony personally does not oppose pure electric vehicles, but after listening to Bin Ge's few speeches, I feel that he is a bit alive in his own "electric vehicle meta-universe".
He estimated that he had forgotten about this year's National Day, electric vehicle owners in order to grab the charging pile. I also forgot about the new energy car owners who are afraid to open the air conditioner on the hot days on the highway and do not dare to open the air conditioner due to the anxiety of endurance.
Forget the fact that once in winter, the endurance of electric vehicles will be directly cut off.
Let's not talk about battery fires, autonomous driving accidents, and false publicity.
These most headache-inducing endurance problems of pure electric vehicles alone are far worse than oil vehicles.
I believe that many electric vehicle owners have more or less had a doubt...
When buying a car, the sales said that the car had an endurance of six or seven hundred kilometers, but once it was bought back, it could only run three or four hundred kilometers.
This endurance is directly reduced by half, is it not false propaganda?
In fact, this is really not, there are still many doorways and doorways in this, and the focus is on the words in front of the mileage.
For example, car companies often say that NEDC mileage, WLTP mileage, CLTC mileage, EPA mileage, JC08 mileage, maximum mileage and so on.
Judging Criteria:
Which one measured the least mileage, which one is closer to the real environment we use when driving.
(Want to see the result of the direct pull to the end to see the size, the smallest is the most accurate )
If you plan to buy a new energy vehicle, the English letters in front of these must be clear.
These few English letters indicate the test condition of the vehicle's mileage, let's start with the simplest maximum mileage test condition.
The maximum cruising range is to let the vehicle run at a uniform speed of 60 kilometers per hour, and how far it runs is how long it lasts.
Before 2019, the mileage calculation of most pure electric vehicles in China is based on this uniform speed working condition.
But this test condition is obviously impractical, who has been driving at a uniform speed, if the car companies take this to do publicity, the actual reference significance is relatively small. Slowly this test criterion was eliminated.
Then there is the most mileage label used by car companies at present, NEDC comprehensive working mileage.
Compared with the above maximum mileage test condition, NEDC measured a much smaller endurance.
The full name of NEDC is "New European Driving Cycle", which, as the name suggests, is the european endurance test standard.
In addition to Europe, China and Australia are also using NEDC test conditions, which includes 4 urban cycle conditions and 1 suburban cycle condition (simulation).
These 5 working conditions are simulated, to put it bluntly, it is not really possible for the car to run these roads on the road.
Instead, a car is placed on a specially designed "roller", 0-780 seconds is a simulation of an urban road, including acceleration, deceleration, uniform speed and stop operation, a total of four cycles.
Suburban conditions start after 780 seconds and are faster than in urban areas.
Some tests also have a blower in front of the car to simulate airflow.
In this way, NEDC is more reasonable than the first maximum mileage, more in line with our usual driving habits.
But after all, nedc is tailor-made according to the European road, and the working condition design is only low speed and high speed, which is still not real enough.
Therefore, according to the United Nations WLTP (World Light Vehicle Test Procedure) World Light Vehicle Test Procedure regulations, our country introduced the CLTC-P (China light-duty vehicle test cycle-passenger) test condition developed specifically for China's roads in 2019. (hereinafter referred to as CLTC)
Before we talk about CLTC, let's talk about its prototype WLTP.
WLTP is a new generation of working condition test method formulated by the United Nations, which is used in the European Union, Japan, South Korea and other countries and regions.
Compared with NEDC, which only has two working conditions of acceleration and deceleration, WLTP has four test conditions of low speed, medium and low speed, high speed and ultra-high speed, accounting for 52% of urban road sections and 48% of non-urban road sections.
The domestic CLTC has done more "national conditions" based on WLTP, with the highest test speed of CLTC of 114 kilometers per hour and an average speed of 28.96 kilometers per hour.
CLTC also eliminated the WLTP ultra-high-speed condition, because the ultra-high-speed test speed is above 130 kilometers per hour, and the country cannot drive up.
In addition, CLTC used 3832 vehicle models to sample in 41 cities across the country, accumulating 32.78 million kilometers and 2 billion GIS traffic low-frequency dynamic big data to come up with this CLTC test standard.
Compared to NEDC, CLTC measured a longer range. However, compared to the first maximum mileage test standard, this mileage is shorter.
But whether it's NEDC, WLTP, or CLTC, these test conditions don't take into account other power-hungry factors such as air conditioning, headlights, and seat heating.
So, it's not practical enough, so let's talk about EPA range.
Compared to CLTC and NEDC, the EPA range in the U.S. is much smaller.
EPA (Environmental Protection Agency) is actually an abbreviation for the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, so it is a vehicle emissions and cruise test standard introduced by the United States, also known as FTP-75.
Of course, only electric vehicles sold in the United States will be marked with the range of EPA.
Compared with NEDC, WLTP and other conditions, EPA also adds endurance tests under conditions of intense driving and turning on other power-consuming components such as air conditioners.
The test conditions for acceleration and deceleration are also more complex, with longer test cycles and more cycles.
A more stringent test than the EPA is the JC08 range currently used in Japan.
Compared to NEDC, CLTC and EPA, the JC08 in Japan has a smaller range and is closer to the actual experience.
The JC08 test conditions also record the frequency and depth of the driver's stampede on the accelerator, such as traffic lights, emergency braking and the use of suburban gravel and muddy sections.
However, compared with the mainstream EPA test standard and NEDC test standard, the JC08 is only used in the harsh Japanese region.
The more test items, the higher the cost, which is not a plan for car companies.
Although there are so many test standards now, these test methods are originally used in oil trucks.
Directly switched to new energy vehicles will have some "water and soil dissatisfaction", such as electric vehicles are born on high speed to cost electricity, winter batteries are more than summer stretching, heating is more than fuel vehicles cost electricity and so on.
Therefore, on the side of new energy vehicles, we must wait for the gradual popularization of future vehicles before there will be a test process specially developed for pure trams.
So after saying these test conditions, let's give you a summary.
For the same car, it compares the mileage "paper strength" out of different working conditions test standards:
Maximum range > CLTC range > NEDC range > EPA range > JC08 range
You must not think that there is a difference of more than a dozen or tens of kilometers between these mileage, let's take a Tesla mileage test before as an example.
The 2015 Model S NEDC has a range of 528km, compared to 432km under the EPA standard, reducing the range by nearly 100km.
It is about one-fifth less, not only Tesla, but also other new energy vehicle companies.
And now there's an unwritten little rule in the battery industry.
The actual use of a car is about 70% of the official NEDC range, if the official promotion of CLTC range, then the actual endurance is estimated to be only about 60%.
Finally, the test standards for the mileage of electric vehicles are not clear and strict enough, the laws and policies related to intelligent driving have not been officially landed, and the charging facilities are not popular enough.
Before these guarantees are not perfect, it is normal for me to buy a fuel truck steadily, why can I only smell it?
Therefore, you are ready to buy a pure electric car friends, when buying a car, you must look at the battery data in detail on the official website, and the letters in front of the mileage must be clearly seen.
Consider your own use needs, whether it is a gas car or an electric car, find a suitable one for yourself, and drive comfortably.
Written by: LYX Editor: Polygons
Images, sources:
wikiped —— NEDC；WLTP：JC08；FTP
Big guy's diary - Weilai LiBin: I don't understand why anyone still buys a gas truck
Ray Technology - CLTC endurance standard is very virtual? However, it is more in line with China's national conditions
CSDN – What does nedc and epa range mean_ Who has the more significant reference point for such a big difference in range?
CSDN – What does NEDC and EPA range mean_ Electric car owners can't believe the range anymore