preface
The words appreciated today are the first insulting works: "A Cut Mei Zai Xiang Wei Sitting in the Temple", "Quan Song Ci" records that the author is Liling Shiren, in fact, like the "Huai ShangNu", this author can be called anonymous.
Liling (醴陵) is a county-level city under Zhuzhou in Hunan Province, which during the Song Dynasty was subordinate to Changsha County, Tanzhou, Jinghu South Road. Liling scholars are liling readers. Why do liling readers write lyrics to scold people? Who are they cursing?
I. "A Cut of Mei Zai Zai Sitting majestically in the temple"
The Prime Minister sits majestically in the temple. When you say menstruation, you have to measure it. The minister said the last chapter, the head said the amount of scripture, and the end said the amount of scripture.
Light madness is too guarded in my country. Smell the menstrual volume, the starry night menstruation. Shandong Hebei has long been abandoned, so it is good to go to the amount, hu does not measure.
This song scolds three kinds of people, the first scolding the prime minister, idle and nothing to do. The second scolded the minister of the DPRK and wrote how to carry out the sutra. The third Taishou who scolded Liling heard that something was going to happen above, and immediately followed the trend.
Finally, scolded together, you are so capable of doing menstruation, why don't you take a good amount of shandong hebei and have not yet recovered the northern homeland?
2. Who is the Prime Minister?
At the same time that liling shiren created this poem, there was actually a poem, according to the Qing Dynasty Xu Rail's "Ciyuan Cong tan":
Xian Chun Jia Zi re-measured Hunan, and the Liling people had poetry clouds:
The loss of Huaihuai and shu and the loss of Jingxiang have added every inch of Jiangnan and an inch of teaching. Nor should it be the old feudal territory.
The Ming Dynasty's "North Window Trivia" clearly states that this poem is a satire of Jia Xiangdao:
Jia Xiang Daodu Wang Tian was very anxious, and Lu Yan could not rest. Someone poetry cloud:
The loss of Huaihuai and the loss of Shu and the loss of Jingxiang in vain have taken Jiangnan by inch. Even if the footsteps are long, it should not be the old feudal territory. ”
It can be seen that the prime minister in this poem is Jia Xiangdao, who was then promoting the "Gongtian Law" and the "Jingjie Pushing and Ranking Law" in the DPRK. As a reformist, the original intention is good, but the implementation is full of resentment.
Therefore, some people wrote poems and filled in words and made up songs to scold him.
3. The age of creation
It can be judged from the "Lost Huai Lost Shu Lost Jingxiang" that this poem was after 1273. The Southern Song defenders of Xiangyang held out for 6 years (1267 to 1273), which was an important turning point in the Song and Yuan Wars.
Since the Liling people were still cursing Jia Xiangdao, it could be known that Jia Xiangdao had not yet stepped down. In the first year of Deyou (1275), Jia Xiangdao led 130,000 troops to fight against the Yuan army at Ding Jiazhou, but after a fiasco, he was deposed and lost his life.
It can be seen that these two poems were written around 1274.
The words mentioned above are recorded as "A Cut of Plum Xian Chun Jia Zi And Re-measured Hunan". Therefore, some readers think that the creation period is 1264, but Lao Jie feels that it is not right.
Although 1264 was the year of Jiazi, this year was the fifth year of the Southern Song Dynasty. The Xian Chun Nian is the year of The Song Dynasty, and the Xian Chun Year does not have the Year of the Jia Zi, only the Xian Chun Jia Year, that is, 1274.
4. What is menstruation?
In the second year of Emperor Jingding of Song (1261), Jia Xiangdao advocated the public land law. The aim is to use tough tactics to prevent the rich from hoarding grain and annexing land. Land beyond the limit of the powerful is purchased by the state as public land, and the income from the public land is used to pay for military supplies.
This was a good thing for the benefit of the country and the people, but it was strongly opposed by the big landlord class. Even Wang Anshi could not handle this kind of thing, and eventually left a curse. This Jia Xiangdao persisted for twelve years, until he was deposed in 1275.
In the fifth year of Emperor Jingding of the Song Dynasty (1264), Jia Rudao implemented the "Law of Pushing and Sorting through the Boundaries": the districts were successively inspecting officials and private household farms, and the taxes were determined. It is hoped that the people will have fixed property, fixed taxes on property, and fixed taxes, and eliminate the problem of tax evasion in hidden fields.
This is what is called the amount of scripture in the poem.
However, when this plan was implemented, the powerful landlords colluded with officials to conceal and fail to report, and the ordinary class increased its tax burden. In the end, it is the people who suffer from the amount of scripture to the people.
Lilingshi people, who read books, may not actually speak to the common people, and it is likely that they also represent the interests of the landlord class.
In fact, Jia Xiangdao's ideas had been tested as early as when Emperor Gaozong of Song was emperor, but the result was strongly opposed and resisted by the bureaucratic gentry, and ultimately had no success.
Conclusion
These rulers of the Southern Song Dynasty were unable to recover their homeland. Dealing with the Jin soldiers or the Yuan army, in the end, they always cut the land and seek compensation. In this respect, the Lilingshi people, whether on behalf of the people or the gentry landlords, were not wrong.
However, it didn't last long. In the following year (1275), Jia Was deposed and beheaded. Half a year later, the southern Song dynasty capital lin'an fell, and both the emperor and the empress dowager became prisoners and were sent to the yuan capital to kowtow to Kublai Khan.
At the end, fill in the word as usual for today's homework. "A Cut of Mei Mei's Last Years of the Southern Song Dynasty":
Widows and orphans sit in the temple, and they want to measure, who has to deal with menstruation. The general went to the battlefield in a hundred battles. Half dead, half descended.
The prime minister went away to get busy, the beacon money pond, the carriage and the horse rushed. Cliffs and mountains weeping in the sea, famous in history, wind and rain.
@Old Street Taste
Guan Song filler words 198| the window of the book is like a dream, the road is long, Liu will Sun Qinyuan Chun write the mourning of the fall of the homeland